MLK 2007
Playoff Packet #2
1. The production of this compound was described by Yang and Hoffman in 1980, years after Dmitry Neljubow first identified its relevant function. Its biosynthesis is commonly inhibited by AVG and AOA, as well as cobalt chloride and NBD which inhibit its action. That synthesis occurs by a series of three steps, including the second rate-limiting step which forms the cyclic compound ACC catalyzed by the cofactor pyridoxal phosphate. It generates what is known as the triple response as displayed in Arabidopsis, and this compound, which is biologically formed from L-methionine, can be chemically added to benzene to produce styrene. Shown to be enhanced by auxin, FTP, name this gaseous plant hormone which promotes fruit ripening.
Answer: ethylene
2. This battle saw the Finch run aground on Crab Island, where it was bombarded by a land cannon manned by people who had stormed out of the hospital on that island. The victors suffered the death of first lieutenant Peter Gamble, while the losers saw the capture of Daniel Pring, the captain of the Linnet, and boasted a massive gunboat dubbed the Confiance, commanded by George Downie. The battle was decisively won when the schooner Saratoga wound ship commanded by Thomas Macdonough, and thereby foiled the invasion of New York by George Prevost. Also known as the Battle of Plattsburgh, FTP, name this American naval victory in the War of 1812, fought in 1814, and named for a body of water briefly known as the “sixth GreatLake.”
Answer: Battle of Lake Champlain (or Battle of Plattsburgh before mentioned)
3. This poet writes that he cultivates neither nettles nor thorns for the cruel person who “tears out the heart with which I live” in a poem about a white rose, and in a poem about death he asks not to be put in the dark to die like a traitor. A recently published collection of his poems is entitled “Come, Come My BoilingBlood,” and he is also known for Adultery and Rosa’s Little Shoes, a book illustrated by Lulu Delacre. The author of the children’s book The Golden Age,Joseito Fernandez made famous the popular song Guantanamera based on a poem by this author of the 1891 essay “Our America.” The author of Ismaelillo,FTP, name this dominant figure in Cuba’s struggle for independence, best known for his Versos Libres.
Answer: Jose Marti
4. Book II of this work begins with a reference to Valerius Maximus, and goes on to praise the Abbe de Condillac and Cato in its discussion of maturity and the philosophical spirit. In the preface, the author describes the work as being too large for what it contains but too small for the matter with which it deals. A certain “pedantic mania” annoys that author, who later suggests that Robinson Crusoe is superior to Aristotle, and that “shuttle-cock is a game for women.” He says that John Locke is wise but questions his idea on liberality, and dedicates the fifth and final book almost entirely to the considerations of Sophie, drawing criticisms of misogyny from Mary Wollstonecraft and like-minded feminists. FTP, name this “treatise on education” written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Answer: Emile (accept Treatise on Education or “L’education”)
5. This composer’s vocal works include a “Korean Partisan Song” and a “Firemen’s Song.” His earliest regularly encountered piece is a Piano Concerto in D-flat major featuring an instrument called the flexitone, and his patriotic second symphony in E minor, sometimes called the “Bell Symphony,” remains the most noted of his three symphonies. His diverse inspirations include music for Lope’s comedy “The Valencian Widow” and his Masquerade Suite on a drama by Lermontov. But, this composer of Happiness is more famous for pieces which include the “Dance of the Pirates,” the “Dance of the Rose Maidens,” and “Lezhginka.”FTP, name this composer of the ballets Spartacus and Gayane, which contains the famous “Sabre Dance,” a man born in Armenia.
Answer: AramKhachaturian(Khatchaturian)
6. It obeys Gauss's multiplication formula, which reduces to Legendre's relation for the case p equals two, and it was named by the latter man. Euler's first and second integrals relate to this, and it satisfies that man's eponymous reflection formula, which states that its values at x and one minus x multiply to give pi over sine of pi times x. Its value at one-half is, remarkably, the square root of pi, and it is approximated by Stirling's formula for large x. It is also the unique function passing through the point (1,1) that is log-convex for all positive x and satisfies f of x equals x times f of x plus one. FTP, name this ubiquitous function in mathematics which generalizes the factorial to all reals.
Answer: Gamma Function
7. The Baker cube is a useful tool in this field of study, which has given rise to problems like Gorman intransitivity and the so-called Scitovsky Reversal Paradox. Scitovsky introduced a double criteria to account for that paradox in this field, described by its namesake Bergson-Samuelson Functions. The first fundamental theorem of it holds that price-taking trade will always result in a point on the contract curve, while the second theorem says that any point on the contract curve can be reached by competitive trading from some given initial allocation.The LSE approach to the new form of it was spearheaded by Nicholas Kaldor and John Hicks. FTP, name this field most notably studied by Amartya Sen, earning him his Nobel, a branch of microeconomics that deals with human behavior and the allocation of resources to promote the namesake social goal.
Answer: Welfare Economics (prompt economics of course)
8. The appellation “Father of the Fathers” was bestowed upon St. Gregory of Nyssa at this meeting, which produced 22 canons. It was tacitly approved by Pope Hadrian I, who sent two legates, including the abbot of St. Sabas. Conducted largely by Tarasius, seven of its eights sessions were held at the namesake site, but the final one returned to Magnaura palace where it could be attended by the Empress Irene, who had initiated it in order to rebuke the policies of Leo III and Constantine V, namely those supporting iconoclasm. Held in 787 B.C., FTP, name this council, which was the second to be held at its site, the first of which was described by Eusebius and featured Constantine the Great declaring his adherence to Christianity.
Answer: Second Council of Nicaea
9. One character in this book becomes upset when her husband offers Selmes his horse, but another character often referred to as “the Girl” is charmed by that act. Maisie Maiden is described as submissive, while Uncle John gives oranges to people across the globe and characters named Mrs. Basil and La Dolciquita also play key roles in the novel. A man named Rufford is the father of Nancy, who sacrifices herself for the protagonist. Rodney Bayham becomes the second husband of Leonora, and the narrator John Dowell begins the work by claiming it is the “saddest story he ever heard,” probably because his wife Florence had an affair with the title character. FTP, name this novel in which Edward Ashburnham kills himself with a pen-knife, a work by Ford Madox Ford about the titular military man.
Answer: The Good Soldier
10. One work by this artist depicts a grieving Achilles and his mother, seemingly unaware of large waves threatening to drown them. His etchings were influenced by Callot and often depicted figures gathered around lone tombs, while his first large-scale altarpiece depicts the Education of the Virgin. Later religious-themed works include hisMartyrdom of Agatha and Virgin Appearing to Simon Stock, but this student of Lazzarini and Piazzetta is better remembered for works like Allegory of the Planets and Continents and The Apotheosis of Spain. His best known exploit included depicting The Wedding of Frederick Barbarossa at a building designed by Balthasar Neumann in the Rococo style. A rival of Anton Mengs, FTP, name this Venetian painter of the grand manner,best known for decorating the NewResidenzPalace at Wurzburg.
Answer: Giambattista Tiepolo (or Giovanni Battista Tiepolo)
11. Inexplicably, this song has been covered by both Tori Amos and George Michael, though a more recent and mainstream cover is that by Tortoise and Bonnie Prince Billy. It is referenced in a subsequent song by its artist entitled “The Promise,” and it appears as the first track on its original album followed by “Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out,” an album that ends with “Jungleland.” The singer references Roy Orbison “singing for the lonely” before entreating the subject to “show a little faith, there’s magic in the night, you ain’t a beauty but hey you’re alright.”Sharing its name with a 1958 movie starring Robert Mitchum as a southern veteran who traffics in moonshine, FTP, name this classic rock hit on the Born to Runalbum by Bruce Springsteen, about searching for the American dream on the title street.
Answer: Thunder Road
12. Towns on the banks of this body of water include Nguigmi and Bol, from which an archipelago extends. This body contains the territorially disputed DarakIsland and the KofiaIslands. Fed principally by the LogoneRiver and most importantly the ShariRiver, the expedition of Hugh Clapperton became the first European one to see this body of water. It dispatched Dixon Denham to study the area surrounding it, especially those areas which had seen the rise of the Kanem-Bornu Empire, for which it served as a geographic center. FTP, name this lake which has shrunk to less than one-tenth its size in the 1960s andsituated squarely at the junction of Cameroon, Niger, Nigeria, and its namesake African country.
Answer: Lake Chad
13. With Inglis, this scientist gives his name to a limit that applies to the Lyman and Balmer series in laser-produced plasmas. His name joins Renner in an effect dealing with splitting in molecular vibrational levels. He formulated a namesake theory used to calculate surface areas of solids through the adsorption of gas molecules, along withBrunauer and Emmett. Along with Gamow, his name may describe certain beta decays and the resulting strength distribution in nuclei. More famously, this man observed the distortion in the axes of symmetric ions in order to remove less stable degenerate states, an effect named for him and Jahn [YON]. FTP, name this guy also known as the “father of the hydrogen bomb.”
Answer: Edward Teller
14. One source on this event is a biography written by Edward Cook of F.E. Garrett, who was shown a proclamation on it by Hercules Robinson. Others involved included the strategist Abe Bailey and a commander Raleigh Grey.In its wake, the interim judge Reinhold Gregorowski, recently called in, sentenced the leaders of the Reform Committee to death. The correspondence of American John Hays Hammond includes a piece offering the “truth” about this event. A wooden cross was erected to commemorate the surrender at Doornkop,though a more famous memorial would be a telegram from Kaiser Wilhelm II. An effort by a cohort of Cecil Rhodes to capture the gold-rich Transvaal, FTP, name this abortive 1895 South African raid.
Answer: Jameson Raid
15. A rousing rendition of the song “This Life is Weary” is interrupted by a discussion of flags in this story, which features two children named Meg and Hans and a cook named Sadie. The characterJose is called “the butterfly”because of her elaborate dress, and Kitty Maitland advises Mrs. Sheridan on how to arrange a band. The plot climaxes when Godber’s man announces that a neighbor named Scott has been thrown from his horse and killed, a revelation which prompts the protagonist to become upset and suggest that the title event be canceled. Oddly enough, when little Laura treks off to the neighbor’s to pay respects, she decides that the man’s dead body is beautiful. FTP, name this short story by Katherine Mansfield, which shares its name with a play by Vaclav Havel.
Answer: The Garden Party
16. This man argued that organic theories of social evolution like those of Karl Marx should be integrated into a larger encompassing model and his works on pure, applied, and empirical forms of sociology were compiled and published in 1971 by the University of Chicago Press. He published many manuscripts of Thomas Hobbes, and while differentiating between essential and arbitrary forms of will, he regarded the will as superior to intellect and emotion and coined the term “voluntarism,” later used extensively by Wilhelm Wundt. FTP, name this sociologist best known for distinguishing between the community ties that center on family kinship and the trend toward individualism and selfishness present in larger society, in his epic Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft.
Answer: Ferdinand Tonnies
17. This deity, whose epithets include Dumasta and Areyasti, is invoked in a hymn that calls her “she who delights in the clangor of castanets and drums,roar of flutes, and clamoring of wolves and bright-eyed lions.” One story holds that her genitals gave rise to an almond tree, from which an almond was set upon the breast of the daughter of the river god Sangario, and another story says that she married Gordius and gave birth to Midas. Worshipped at Pessinus, her self-emasculated devotees became known as the Galli, and her consort was Attis. FTP, name this deity, originally a Phrygian goddess in Asia Minorwho took on the persona of the Great Mother, given a Greco-Roman name cognate to her epithet Kubileya.
Answer:Cybele(take Kubebe/Kybebe/Kubileya before Kubileya, prompt Great Mother goddess or equivalents or Rhea before almond)
18. This reaction is the second step in a Dakin Reaction, and it is analogous in mechanism to a Beckmann rearrangement which deals with amides. It has given rise to namesake mono-oxygenases which are flavoenzymes capable of catalyzing these regioselective reactions. Often catalyzed by boron trifluoride,MCPBA is sometimes used as the peroxyacid, or hydrogen peroxide is used, and either way that peracid reacts with a ketone to form the corresponding ester or with an aldehyde to form a carboxylic acid. In effect used to insert an oxygen into a ketone making it an ester, FTP, name this type of oxidation, named for a famous German chemist Adolf and his student.
Answer: Baeyer-Villiger Reaction/Oxidation
19. This kingdom was established when Anawrahta captured the city of Thaton, and its final classical ruler was the “devout forest king” Nara-thi-hapate. Its capital then moved outward to Ava and then the coastal city of Pegu, which saw the succession of a number of Toungoo Dynasties.Early on, though, it expanded by capturing the territory of the Mons in the south, and was known as the Pagan kingdom, though that empire would decline concurrently with Srivijaya and the others. Its important 20th century figures have included the demented monk Saya San who set himself up as a false king and Ne Win who led the “Way to Socialism.” FTP, name this country whose leaders have also included Aung San and his daughter Aung San Suu Kyi.
Answer: Burma or Myanmar (or accept Pagan kingdom before mentioned)
20. In the last stanza of this poem, the author speaks of that which “hath kept watch over man’s mortality,” and cautions, “forebode not any severing of our loves.” The 1807 version of this poem had an epigraph quoting Virgil’s Eclogues, but all future versions include an epigraph commenting that “the child is the father to the man,” a line taken from the author’s poem, “My Heart Leaps Up.” Focusing on the radiance of youth, it elucidates the author’s theory that “our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting,” while later years bring “the philosophic mind.” The titular concept is explored in the line calling it “the fountain light of all our day.” With a line which declares that “heaven lies about us in our infancy,” FTP, name this poetic work by William Wordsworth, an ode about eternal memories.
Answer: Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood
1. Plays by Eugene O’Neill, FTPE.
A. Two men love the same woman in this 1920 Pulitzer Prize winner featuring the Mayo family, Ruth Atkins, and Captain Dick Scott. Complications ensue.
Answer: Beyond the Horizon
B. Consisting of The Hunted, The Haunted, and Homecoming, this trio of plays based on the Oresteia features characters like Ezra Mannon, his daughter Lavinia, and Captain Adam Brant.
Answer: Mourning Becomes Electra
C. Subtitled as “a play for an imaginary theater,” this expansive Biblically-themed work features the namesake dude who returns with a hilarious message about death.
Answer: Lazarus Laughed
2. Answer stuff about constructivism, FTPE.
A. Eminently associated with the constructivist movement is the un-built Vladimir Tatlin monument to this meeting, planned as a 400 meter spiral of iron over the Neva in Petrograd.