Name:______Date:______
Physics Final Exam Review
Unit 1: Mechanics
*Measurements: A ______measurement means that you used an appropriate tool to measure something as closely as possible (with the right number of decimal places).
Example: : Using the ruler, what is the most precise measurement you can get for the paper clip?
*______are number that have a magnitude and direction. They can be put together (added) to make a triangle.
Adding vectors means finding out what the ______of the triangle would look like.
What is the resultant of these two vectors? Draw the triangle and circle the resultant.
+ =
*V elocity vs. Time graphs: Using this graph we can calculate the ______of the
object by finding the ______of the graph.
Example: What is the acceleration of the object that created this graph?
*Kinematics Formulas
Formula:______
Example: If a stroller, initially at rest, is pushed so that it has a velocity of 5m/s after travelling 12m what is the stroller’s acceleration?
Acceleration of gravity g=______
Concept check: Which ball hits the ground first? One dropped straight down or one given an initial horizontal velocity?
Kinematics Formula:______
Example: If a tennis ball is dropped from a roof, how far will it travel in 4s?
Concept check: Why do astronauts feel weightless when in orbit?
Because they are constantly in ______.
Unit 2: Dynamics
*Net Force and Acceleration (F=ma)
Consider the crate:
What is the net force? What is the crate’s acceleration?
*The Atwood Machine (Blocks and a pulley)
What is the acceleration of the system?
Step 1 (Calculate force on the hanging crate) Step 2 (Calculate acceleration)
*Momentum and Impulse
Impulse formula:______
Example A 0.025kg golf ball is accelerated from 0m/s to 110m/s is 0.1seconds. What is the force applied to do so?
Concept Check: Momentum can be ______or ______but never lost.
Example: If the boy is running at 5m/s and has a mass of 50kg, what is the speed of the boy/board combination after he jumps on if the skateboard weighs 1kg?
Step 1 (momentum before) Step 2 (velocity after)
Unit 3: Work, Power, Energy
*Concept Check: A box slides down a ramp. If its velocity at the bottom is less than its velocity at the top, what could be responsible for this?
Work and Power Two Formulas: ______
Example: How much power is generated by a weightlifter picking up a 50kg weight a distance of 1m in 0.5s?
Step 1 (Find Work) Step 2 (Find Power)
Potential Energy (PE), Kenetic Energy (KE), and Range:
Consider a person swinging on a rope from the top of a cliff. PE=mgh KE=1/2mv2
a) What is the change in PE between points A and B (A is at the top of the cliff, B partway down)?
b) What is the KE at point B?
c) Point B is at the bottom of the rope swing. How fast will he be going and in what direction?
d) If the string breaks when he gets to point B, how long will it take him to fall the rest of the way to the ground?
e) After the string breaks, how far to the right will he travel before hitting the ground?
*Specific Heat Formula:______
*Concept Check: Which has more thermal energy? 5kg of water at 25°C, or 500kg of water at 25°C? Why?
Example: How much energy would a refrigerator have to take from a 0.5kg glass of water to lower the temperature 5°C? The specific heat of water is 4180 J/kg°C?
Unit 4: Electricity and Magnetism
*Electric Field Maps
Given the map, what are the charges on these two objects?
Which of these magnets represents North and which is South?
*Electrostatic Force
Formula:______
kc=______(constant)
Example: What is the force between two electrons separated a distance of 0.5m?
*Static Electricity: In the situation below, what is the charge on the indicated part of the pith ball?
Right Hand Rule: Consider the following situation. What direction will the force be on the wire as a result of the magnetic field?
Step1: ______goes in the direction of I (current)
Step 2:______goes in the direction of B (Magnetic Field)
Step 3: Stick out your ______.
*Electromagnetic Induction: When you move a magnet through a wire coil, you get electric current.
What are two ways you can increase the amount of current you get?
1.______2.______
*Ohm’s Law V=IR
Example: What is the current the Ammeter would measure in this circuit?
*Equivalent Resistances
For parallel circuits- Formula:______
Example: What is the equivalent resistance of the following circuit?
*Proving Ohm’s Law
Proving Ohm’s Law can be done by conducting an experiment similar to this:
A) You would need an ______, ______,
and a ______.
The set up would look like this:
B) As the ______is increased we would take several measurement from the
______. The data might look like:
Voltage / Current2V / 4A
4V / 8A
6V / 12A
Now if we make a ______of the data and the ______of the line is equal to the resistance of the resistor, then we have proven Ohm’s Law.
Possible Graph:
Unit 5: Waves, Optics, Modern Physics
*Wave Characteristics:
*Remember that all electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light (c=3.0E8m/s)
Example: If the frequency of a cell signal is 5.0E15Hz, what is it’s wavelength, λ?
Example: Given the following Amplitude vs. Time graph, find the wave’s frequency.
*Snell’s Law
Example: If a beam of light travels from air into water, and the angle of incidence is 25°, what will the angle of refraction be? (nair=1.00 and nwater=1.33)
*Photoelectric Effect: Demonstrated the wave/particle duality of light because it demonstrated one of light’s wave properties: That the wave energy of the photon is dependent on the light’s intensity.
*Fusion and Fission: Both processes share these characteristics:
1.) In either reaction, ______is converted into ______.
2.) In either process the end mass is ______than the beginning mass. (Mass is
always lost in the process)
*The Lens/Mirror Equation
Example: If an object’s image appears to be 25cm from a curved mirror, and the mirror’s focal length is 10cm, what is the object’s actual distance?
Mirror Properties: The reflection of an object in front of a plane mirror is called a ______ image.
*Survival Skills with Lenses
You can start a fire with just a ______lens to focus sunlight. The light (and
heat) will be bent to the ______of the lens.
Diagram: Fill in the light beams.
If you turn the lens around you can also use it as a ______lens.
Diagram: Fill in the light beams.
Example: If the focal length of the lens is 8cm and the lady bug is 12cm away, what is the magnification of the lens?
Step 1: Find q Step 2: Find M