CENTERFORTRANSPLANTATION / POLICY/PROCEDURETITLE: VADPatient
Anticoagulation Protocol
DISTRIBUTETO: / []ADMINISTRATIVE[X]CLINICAL
PAGE1OF3
RELATEDTO:
[X]PatientCare[X ]TJC
[]NursingPractice[]Title22[]MedCtrPolicy(MCP)Stds[]QA
[]Other[]UNOS
[]CMS / EffectiveDate:ReviewedorRevised:10/1/2010
Unit/DepartmentofOrigin:CenterforTransplantation–HeartTransplantandVADprogram
OtherApproval:
Policy/ProcedureCommitteeApproval:
I.PURPOSE
ToprovideguidelinesforthemanagementofpatientswithimmediateorpriorhistoryofVentricularAssistDevice(VAD)placement.
II.INDICATIONS
Patientwithanticoagulant/antiplatelettherapypost-VAD(HMII-BTTorDTTAH)placement.
III.TREATMENTGUIDELINES
HeartmateII
TheHeartMateIIhasuniqueanticoagulantproperties,includingacquiredvonWillebranddiseaseandproteolyticcleaving,whichaffectshowanticoagulationismanaged.
1.LabData
a.CBCstatonarrivaltoICU;thenevery6hoursx24hours;thendailywhileinICU
b.PT,PTT,INRstatonarrivaltoICU;thenevery6hoursx24hours;thendailywhileinICU
c.TEG(thromboelastogram),Bleedingtimes,Plateletaggregation,andothercoaglabswillbeorderedonanasneededbasis
2.MedicationsGuidelines
Timing / ActionPriortoleavingOR / Completelyreversetheanticoagulation
Immediatepostoperativeperiod / Generally,noaction.
Patientswithatrialfibrillation,historyofLVAorLAthrombus,orlowLVADflowshouldbetreatedwithanticoagulants(heparin)
Oncepatientmedicallystable(Day2to5) / Oncethereisnobleedingandthechesttubesareout:
BeginWarfarin-INRtargetrange1.5to2.0unlessanotherindicationforCoagulationexists.
Beginaspirinatadoseof81to325mgdaily.
Durationofsupport / MaintainonaspirinandWarfarin.Inpatientswithhighriskofbleeding,Warfarinmaybeheld
TAH(TotalArtificialHeart)
AfterTAHimplantation,ahypercoagulablestatesisexpressedthatisdependentonpumpdesignandpatientcharacteristics.Counterbalancingthismultifactorialhypercoagulableconditionrequiresanindividualizedthromboprophylaxisregimenconsistingofanticoagulantsincombinationwithantiplatelettherapy.
1.Labs
a.CBCstatonarrivaltoICU;thenevery6hoursx24hours;thendailywhileinICU
b.PT,PTT,INRstatonarrivaltoICU;thenevery6hoursx24hours;thendailywhileinICU
c.Fibrinogendailyasneeded
d.ThromboElastogram(TEG)dailyasneeded
e.BleedingTimedailyasneeded
f.PlateletAggregationasneeded
g.AntithrombinIIIasneeded
h.Pre-Albumin(targetweeklybutasneeded)
2.Medications
a.Heparin;start2-5units/kg/hrbeginningPOD1-3basedonCTdrainage(CTdrainage
<30ml/hrx4hours)
i.Goal:TitrateheparindosetomaintainnormocoaguabilitybyTEGw/oheparinase
b.Warfarin;start2.5-5mg/daybeginningPOD7-14andfollowingrecoveryofhepaticandrenalfunctionandimprovementinnutritionalstatus
i.Goal:titratedosetomaintainnormocoaguabilitybyTEG
ii.OverlapheparinuntilpatientisnormocoaguabilitybyTEGw/oheparinasex2days
c.Aspirin;start40-81mg/dayPOD1-3basedonpltcountandCTdrainage
i.Goal:pertherapeuticbleedingtimeandplateletaggregationstudy
d.Dipyridamole;start75-100mgq8hourspostoperatively
i.Goal:increasedoseby100mgevery6–8hoursforplateletincreaseby100,000;donotexceed300mgevery6hoursor400mgevery8hours
e.Pentoxifylline;start200-400mgevery8hourspostoperatively
i.Monitorfornausea/vomiting;decreasedoseifnecessarybasedonsideeffects
f.AggrenoxmaybesubstitutedforAspirinandPersantinforlongtermanticoagulationtherapy
Reviewed and Approved by:
Date
Executive Director, Thoracic Organ Transplant Programs
Date
Surgical Director, Heart Transplant & VAD Program
.Date
Medical Director, Heart Transplant & VAD Program
Date
Administrative Director, Center for Transplantation