SECOND YEAR EXAMMay 2017 exam 1

NAME ……………………. SURNAME ……………………… MATR. NO…../…………….

Section 2

For questions 11-15, read the text below and choose the best answer to the questions that follow. (Total of five points)

Daniel Kish was born with an aggressive form of eye cancer that caused him to lose his sight at the age of two. Despite being blind, Kish, now 51, has managed to do almost everything sighted people can do, including ride a bike and hike in the mountains, thanks to a technique known as echolocation.Echolocation is what bats rely on as they navigate dark environments, and for Kish it involves making clicking noises with histongue. These sounds “bounce off” surfaces and allow him to get a mental image of his environment. As a child, hewas not aware hewas doing it, just as sighted people do notconsciously teach themselves to see.

“Every surface has its own set of acoustic characteristics,” Kish explains, and “I have trained my ears to understand the echoes.” In fact, Kish can hear one produced by a tree, and distinguish it from the one produced by the leaves. “When I use this technique,” says Kish, “I get a 3D image in my mind with depth, character and richness.”

Kish claims he can often find his way out of an auditorium quicker than a sighted person because, while most people have to look for the exit, he can immediately “hear” where it is after one click. Also, while at concerts, he makes sure his clicking cuts through any noise. “I'm very familiar with their sound and pay no mind if other people hear me,” says Kish.

Fortunately, when Kish was a child, his parents encouraged him to have a"normal" childhood. His friends all knew how to ride bikes, and in order not to be left out, Kish decided to teach himself by riding next to awall and clicking to stay in astraight line. From there he went on to riding to school. His parents never worried about accidents as it was soon obvious that Kish was able to manage on his own.

Although echolocation may seem impossible to learn, Kish affirms that anyone can do it, sighted or blind. Through his non-profit organisation, Kish has made it his life's work to teach blind children how to use echolocation, what he refers to as Flashsonar.

Not all in the blind community support Kish's efforts, however. Many feel that it is too difficult for the average person and that it puts blind people in risky situations. According to Kish, without echolocation there is an unfortunate emphasis on dependency, rather than encouraging freedom. “I want to give them the chance to ‘see',” he says.

11. Echolocation is

a) locating objects through reflected sound.

b) a term for a bat's natural habitat.

c) hearing echoes that sound like clicks.

d) is not reliable.

12. According to Kish,...

a) things found in nature are easier to identify.

b) all surfaces produce unique echoes.

c) echolocation requires no practice.

d) mental images lack clarity.

13. The word one (line 8) refers to

a) a surface.

b) an echo.

c) a tree.

d) a technique.

14. As a child, Kish

a) discovered echolocation by accident while riding a bike.

b) learnt to ride a bike with the help of his parents.

c) was encouraged by friends to learn to ride a bike

d) used a wall to help him learn to ride a bike

15. Kish's critics claim that teaching echolocation to the blind

a) prohibits them from taking necessary risks.

b) limits their freedom.

c) is too complex for them to learn.

d) can result in them becoming too dependent on it.

Section 3

For questions 16-25, read the passage belowand write the appropriate word in the space provided. (Total of 5 points)

The Golden Gate Bridge

Each year, the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco is visited 16...... millions of people from all 17...... the world.

Although many people know that the bridge stretches 18...... the San Francisco Bay, they may not know that the original nickname of this structure was “the bridge that couldn't be built.” The possibility of constructing a bridge across 19...... a great distance had been debated 20...... years before building was actually started in 1933.

The Golden Gate bridge was considered impossible 21...... build for economic reasons. The USA was going 22...... the Great Depression and many people were experiencing incredible economic difficulties. Therefore, many felt that 23...... would be foolish to spend an enormous amount of money 24...... something that seemed so difficult.

Getting the funds to build a bridge of this magnitude was a monumental task. In fact, it took four times longer to collect 25...... money to build the bridge than it actually took to build the bridge itself.

Section 4

For questions 26-35, complete each of the unfinished sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. Use between 2 and 5 words (contracted forms count as two words) including the word given, which must not be changed in any way. (total of 10 points)

  1. I was talking to Mary on the phone when the line went dead. CUT

I was talking to Mary on the phone when we ……………………………………… .

  1. I’ve never eaten cheesecake as good as this BEST

This is ……………………………………………….. ever eaten.

  1. We really must leave now if we want to catch the train. HIGH

It’s …………………………………….if we want to catch the train

  1. I haven’t had so much fun for ages. SINCE

It’s ……………………………………. so much fun

  1. I regret telling him my secret. WISH

I ………………………………………. him my secret.

  1. Although the weather was bad, we had a barbecue in the garden. DESPITE

………………………………………………., we had a barbeque in the garden.

  1. It isn’t necessary for you to come with me. NEEDN’T

………………………………………… come with me.

  1. Samira doesn’t expect to pass the exam. IF

Samira would be surprised ……………………………………………………………………………….. .

  1. “I’m sorry I made you cry,” he said. APOLOGIZED

He ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…me cry.

  1. The BBC is making a documentary about Saudi Arabia. MADE

A documentary ……… …………………………………………about Saudi Arabia by the BBC.

Section 5

For questions 36-45,form the most suitable word from the suggestion given below and write it in the gap provided. (half point per word, total of 5 points).

Choosing clothes can be difficult. Some people want to be 36 ……………. , but they don’t want to look 37 …………….. like everybody else. Some clothes,like shorts or high heels, are 38 ……………… for work or school or simply not comfortable. It is easy to buy the wrong size or find that things are too tight, especially if you are a little bit 39 ………………. . If that’s the case, loose clothes might make you look a little 40 …………….. .Fortunately, if clothes are too long, it’s easy to 41 ……………….. them.

Light cotton clothes might not provide you with enough 42 ……………….. in winter and your shoes should give you 43 ……………. from wet weather. A 44 …………… coat is a wardrobe essential because if you aren’t 45 ……………….. for the cold, you might look good, but feel terrible!

36.FASHION

37.EXACT

38. SUIT

39. WEIGHT

40. SLIM

41. SHORT

42. WARM

43. PROTECT

44. STYLE

45.DRESS

ANSWER KEY

11. A

12. B

13. B

14. D

15. C

16. by

17. over

18. across

19. such

20. many/for

21. to

22. through

23. it

24. on

25. the/enough

26.I was talking to Mary on the phone when the line went dead. CUT

I was talking to Mary on the phone when we WERE CUT OFF

27.I’ve never eaten cheesecake as good as this BEST

This is THE BEST CHEESECAKE I’VE ever eaten.

  1. We really must leave now if we want to catch the train. HIGH

It’s HIGH TIME WE LEFT if we want to catch the train

  1. I haven’t had so much fun for ages. SINCE

It’s AGES SINCE I’VE HAD so much fun

  1. I regret telling him my secret. WISH

I WISH I HADN’T TOLD him my secret.

  1. Although the weather was bad, we had a barbecue in the garden. DESPITE

DESPITE THE BAD WEATHER, we had a barbeque in the garden.

  1. It isn’t necessary for you to come with me. NEEDN’T

YOU NEEDN’T come with me.

  1. Samira doesn’t expect to pass the exam. IF

Samira would be surprised IF SHE PASSED THE EXAM

  1. “I’m sorry I made you cry,” he said. APOLOGIZED

He APOLOGIZED FOR MAKING me cry.

  1. The BBC is making a documentary about Saudi Arabia. MADE

A documentary IS BEING MADE about Saudi Arabia by the BBC.

  1. FASHIONABLE
  2. EXACTLY
  3. UNSUITABLE
  4. OVERWEIGHT
  5. SLIMMER
  6. SHORTEN
  7. WARMTH
  8. PROTECTION
  9. STYLISH
  10. DRESSED

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