Online Resource 3Identification of the Putative Aggregation Pheromone Components Emitted

Online Resource 3Identification of the putative aggregation pheromone components emitted by the European earwig, Forficula auricularia

Stephen R. Quarrell1· Noel W. Davies2 · Paul W. Walker1· Stephen R. Corkrey1· Jason A. Smith3· Geoff R. Allen1

1School of Land and Food/ Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart 7001, Australia e-mail: 2Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 74, Hobart 7001, Australia; 3School of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart 7001, Australia

Online Resource 3aMean (±SEM) male earwigs per trap per tree and mean (±SEM) treatment effect (treatment – hexane control) to hydrocarbons after a 12 hour period in field based experiments. Positive numbers indicate attraction. Negative numbers indicate repellency. Compounds were tested within apple and cherry trees (n = 20) in a paired design against hexane controls. Bold type indicates significant difference Wilcoxon sign rank < 0.05.

IE = Insect Equivalents, * 1 hour hexane extraction, ^ 3 x 100 µL cuticular hexane wash

an-alkane blend; n-C21 : n-C23 : n-C25; Blendratio: 40:85:70

b Seven component blend n- C21 ; (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-7-C23 : n- C23 : (Z)-9-C25 : (Z)-7-C25 : n- C25; Blend ratio: 40: 70:20:85:80:15:70

c Four component blend (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-7-C23 : (Z)-9-C25 : (Z)-7-C25; Blend ratio: 60:15:100:25

d Two component blend (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-9-C25;Blendratio: 30:70

e Two component blend (Z)-7-C23 : (Z)-7-C25;Blendratio: 30:70

Online Resource 3bMean (±SEM) female earwigs per trap per tree and mean (±SEM) treatment effect (treatment – hexane control) to hydrocarbons after a 12 hour period in field based experiments. Positive numbers indicate attraction. Negative numbers indicate repellency. Compounds were tested within apple and cherry trees (n = 20) in a paired design against hexane controls. Bold type indicates significant difference Wilcoxon sign rank < 0.05.

#IE = Insect Equivalents, * 1 hour hexane extraction, ^ 3 x 100 µL cuticular hexane wash

an-alkane blend; n-C21 : n-C23 : n-C25; Blendratio: 40:85:70

b Seven component blend n- C21 ; (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-7-C23 : n- C23 : (Z)-9-C25 : (Z)-7-C25 : n- C25; Blend ratio: 40: 70:20:85:80:15:70

c Four component blend (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-7-C23 : (Z)-9-C25 : (Z)-7-C25; Blend ratio: 60:15:100:25

d Two component blend (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-9-C25;Blendratio: 30:70

e Two component blend (Z)-7-C23 : (Z)-7-C25;Blendratio: 30:70

Online Resource 3cMean (±SEM) juvenile earwigs (2nd, 3rd and 4th instars) per trap per tree and mean (±SEM) treatment effect (treatment – hexane control) to hydrocarbons after a 12 hour period in field based experiments. Positive numbers indicate attraction. Negative numbers indicate repellency. Compounds were tested within apple and cherry trees (n = 20) in a paired design against hexane controls. Bold type indicates significant difference Wilcoxon sign rank < 0.05.

#IE = Insect Equivalents, * 1 hour hexane extraction, ^ 3 x 100 µL cuticular hexane wash

an-alkane blend; n-C21 : n-C23 : n-C25; Blendratio: 40:85:70

b Seven component blend n- C21 ; (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-7-C23 : n- C23 : (Z)-9-C25 : (Z)-7-C25 : n- C25; Blend ratio: 40: 70:20:85:80:15:70

c Four component blend (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-7-C23 : (Z)-9-C25 : (Z)-7-C25; Blend ratio: 60:15:100:25

d Two component blend (Z)-9-C23 : (Z)-9-C25;Blendratio: 30:70

e Two component blend (Z)-7-C23 : (Z)-7-C25;Blendratio: 30:70