Sample 1

OESOPHAGEAL PATHOLOGY

AAchalasia

BBarrett’s oesophagus

CCandida oesophagitis

DCongenital oesophageal stricture

EEosinophilic oesophagitis

FFibrotic stricture

GMallory Weiss tear

HOesophageal perforation

IOesophageal varices

JPlummer Vincent syndrome

KPost cricoid web

LReflux oesophagitis

MSchatski ring

NSquamous metaplasia

OVascular compression of oesophagus

For each of the scenarios below, choose the single most likely diagnosis from the list of options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. Is a cause of haematemesis following prolonged retching.
  2. A 55 year old woman with long standing rheumatic mitral valve regurgitation suddenly develops dysphagia for chicken pieces.
  3. An 80 year old spinster who lives alone develops dysphagia for some solids and is found to be anaemic.

Sample 2

ABDOMINAL MASS

AAppendix abscess

BAppendix mass

CCaecal tumour

DDiverticular disease

EEctopic pregnancy

FFibroid (uterine)

GHypernephroma

HOvarian cyst

IPancreatic tumour

JSigmoid volvulus

KTerminal ilial mass

In each of the following scenarios, choose the most appropriate option from the list above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. A 17 year old man has a five day history of lower abdominal pain, nausea and a temperature of 37.8°C. He is tender in the RIF and a mass is palpable.
  2. A 28 year old woman has a three day history of RIF pain. She is unable to lie flat. There if a vague mass in the RIF and she has a temperature of 37.2°C.
  3. A 57 year old woman is lethargic with a two month history of pain in the lower abdomen. She is pale and there is a palpable mass in the right lower abdomen.

Sample 3

CHEST

ABronchopleural fistula

BChylous pleural effusion

CCongenital lobar emphysema

DEmpyema

EExtralobular sequestration

FHaemothorax

GInhaled peanut

HIntralobular sequestration

IPneumothorax

JRecurrent trachea-oesophageal fistula

KTracheal stenosis

LTracheomalacia

From the list of options above, choose the most appropriate option for each of the following scenarios. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. A 43 year old alcoholic man fell down the stairs and was found to have fractured his ribs on the right hand side. He was also found to have a pneumothorax. A chest drain has been placed but four days later there is no reinflation of the pneumothorax.
  2. A 55 year old Egyptian woman has a thyroidectomy for a massive multinodular goitre. Post-operatively she develops respiratory difficulties.
  3. A 6 year old boy has had two attacks of chest infection and the chest X-ray shows apex of lower lobe consolidation.

Sample 4

ANTIBIOTICS

AAny broad spectrum antibiotic

BCiprofloxacin

CErythromycin

DGentamycin

ELinocycline

FMetronidazole

GRifamicin

HStreptomycin

ITetracyclines

JVancomycin

For each of the following side effects, select the most likely antibiotic from the list of options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. Yellow staining of the teeth in infants.
  2. Nephotoxicity.
  3. Pseudomembranous colitis.

Sample 5

HERNIA PRESENTATIONS

ADiaphragmatic

BEpigastric

CFemoral

DHiatus

EIncisional

FInguinal

GInternal

HLumbar

IMuscular

JObturator

KParastomal

LParaumbilical

MPort site

NRichters

OSpigelian

For each of the following scenarios, choose the most likely hernia from the list above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all.

  1. A 38 year old woman with a BMI of 45 presents with a mass in the centre of the abdomen which is red, swollen and painful.
  2. A 42 year old woman who has had three caesarean sections, presents with a swelling to the left of the midline at the end of the wound.
  3. A 63 year old female grocer worker presents with a swelling in her groin.