Name: ______Date: ______Period: ____
Ch. 74: Tire, Wheel &
Wheel Bearings pg#1483
Objective: After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
· Explain the parts, constructions, and operation of tires and wheel assemblies
· Explain different types & sizes of tires and wheels
· Correctly answer ASE Certification Test questions.
Tires
1. Automobile ______perform two basic functions: they act as a soft ______between the road the metal wheel, and they provide adequate ______( ______) with the road surface.
2. Today’s automotive tires are filled with air, meaning they are ______.
3. Today’s vehicles use ______tires, which do not have a separate inner tube.
4. The beads are two rings made of ______that are encased in rubber.
5. Body plies are rubberized ______and ______wrapped around the beads. They form the ______, or body, of the tire.
6. Tread is the ______of the tire that contacts the road.
7. The sidewall is the outer part of the tire that extends from the ______to the ______.
8. Belts may be used to strengthen the body plies and ______the ______.
9. The liner is a thin layer of rubber that is bonded to the inside of the ______.
10. The rolling ______is a measurement of the amount of friction produced as the tire operates on the road surface.
11. A high rolling resistance ______fuel consumption and wear. Typically, rolling resistance is reduced by higher inflation pressure, proper tire design, lower vehicle weight.
12. All American passenger cars manufactured since the early 1980s have been factory equipped with ______tires.
For questions 13–15, match the following terms and identifying phrases.
(A) Bias ply tire (B) Radial ply tire (C) Belted bias tire
13. ____ Plies and belts run at different angles; the belts lie under the tread area only
14. ____ Plies run at an angle from bead to bead; the angle is reversed from ply to ply
15. ____ Plies run straight across the beads, with stabilizer belts directly beneath the tread.
16. A radial tire has a very flexible sidewall and a stiff tread, giving it a very stable ______.
17. One possible disadvantage or a radial tire is that it may produce a harder, or ______ride at low speeds. The stiff tread area does not give or flex as much on rough roads.
18. Identify and label the three types of tire construction:
(A) ______(B) ______(C) ______
19. Tire ______on the sidewall of a tire give information about tire size, tire ______, load-______ability, inflation pressure, number of plies, speed rating, manufacturer, etc.
20. Tire size is given on the sidewall as a letter-number sequence. There are two common size designations:
· Alpha-______(conventional measuring system)
· P-______(metric measuring system)
***** We use P-METRIC 99.99% of the time*****
21. The height-to-width ratio, known as the ______ratio, is the most difficult value to understand in the tire size designation.
22. Identify the points of measurement on a tire.
a) ______
b) ______
c) ______
d) ______
e) ______
f) ______
23. The maximum load rating of a tire indicates the amount of weight the tire can carry at the recommended ______.
24. A maximum recommended inflation pressure of ______psi is common for many tires.
25. The tire sidewall also includes information on the number of plies and ply rating. A greater number of plies generally indicates a greater ______-______ability.
26. DOT stands for ______.
27. Following the letters DOT is the DOT ______, which identifies the particular tire manufacturer, plant location, construction and date of manufacture.
28. The DOT serial number is stamped into the tire ______.
Tire Grades (Tread wear, traction and temperature grades)
29. The higher the tread wear number, the ______resistant the tire is to wear.
30. Which tire rating provides the least traction? ______
31. Tire temperature resistance is also given as an A, B, or C rating. Which rating resists a temperature buildup best? ______
Speed Ratings
32. A tire ______is the maximum allowable sustained road speed a tire can safely withstand without failure. Speed ratings range from B (31mph) to Z (149mph).
Special Tires and Tire Features
33. Asymmetric tires have a different tread patter on the inner edge than the ______edge.
34. The ______tread pattern on asymmetric tires is designed to improve cornering on dry surfaces, while the ______tread pattern improves traction on wet surfaces.
35. This type of tire is generally marked with the word ______to indicate which way it should be mounted on the wheel.
Directional Tires
36. ______tires are high-performance tires designed to rotate in a specific direction to minimize hydroplaning.
37. Hydroplaning is the loss of control that occurs when a layer of water prevents the tire tread from contacting the ______.
38. A spare tire, or spare, is an extra wheel and tire assembly that
can be installed if the vehicle has a ______tire.
39. A full-size spare is a tire of the same ______and type used on the other four wheels.
40. Most new cars use a ______spare tire, or space saver spare, which is much smaller than the normal tire used on the vehicle. It saves space in the trunk area.
41. A high-pressure spare is a compact spare tire that holds ______-______-______air pressure (typically about ______psi).
42. Most modern spare tires are designed for ______use only.
43. Some tires are self-______. These tires have a coating of sealing compound applied to their liners. If a nail punctures a self-sealing tire, air pressure will push the soft compound into the hole to stop ______.
44. ______ are used tires that have had a new tread vulcanized to the old carcass, or body.
45. Tires that have an extremely stiff sidewall construction so they are still
usable with a loss of air pressure are ______tires.
46. Wear bars are used to indicate a critical amount of ______.
47. Many late-model vehicles are equipped with tire pressure ______systems, which alert the driver if one of more of the vehicle’s tires is underinflated.
Wheels
48. _____ Varieties of wheels may be made with all of
the following materials except:
(A) cast aluminum (C) magnesium
(B) silver (D) steel
49. Mag wheels, or mags, is a nick-name for ______or ______wheels. These do not need ______covers. What is a nickname for wheel covers? ______
50. A standard wheel consists of the ______(outer lip that contacts tire bead) and the ______(center section that bolts to vehicle hub). Normally the spider is welded to the rim.
51. Name the components of the driving hub and wheel bearing assembly.
(A) ______
(B) ______
(C) ______
(D) ______
(E) ______
(F) ______
52. A ____ rim has small ridges that hold the tire beads in place.
(A) safety (C) two-piece
(B) ridge (D) mag wheel
53. A safety rim has small ridges that hold the tire beads on the wheel during a tire blowout (instant ______and air loss) or a flat (slow ______reduces inflation pressure).
Valve Stems and Cores
54. A valve stem is pressed into a hole in the wheel of a tire to allow inflation & ______.
55. The valve ______is a spring-loaded air valve that is threaded into the valve stem.
56. The valve core allows air to be added to the tire when an ______(tool for filling tires with air) is placed over the valve stem.
57. A valve stem ______screws over the threaded valve stem to protect the air valve and stem threads from dirt, moisture and ______.
Lug Nuts & Wheel Studs
58. Lug nuts hold the wheel and tire on the ______. They fasten to special studs.
59. ______are the special studs that accept the lug nuts. The studs are passed through the back of the hub or axle flange.
Wheel Weights
60. Wheel ______are small lead weights that are attached to the wheel rim to ______the wheel-and-tire assembly, preventing vibration.
Hub and Wheel Bearing Assemblies
61. Wheel ______allow the wheel to turn freely around the spindle, in the steering knuckle, or in the bearing support.
62. Most ______are either tapered roller bearings or ball bearings.
List the 3 basic parts of a wheel bearing:
63. ______
64. ______
65. ______