Nuclear Chemistry and Physics
Pre-Assessment
Mrs. B-Z
Why do I have to do this? The state of Ohio answers you below with the following state science indicators which will appear on your OGT next March.
§ Explain that inquiry fuels observation and experimentation that produce data that are the foundation of scientific disciplines. Theories are explanations of these data.
§ Recognize that scientific knowledge and explanations have changed over time, almost always building on earlier knowledge.
§ Use historical examples to explain how new ideas are limited by the context in which they are conceived; are often initially rejected by the scientific establishment; sometimes spring from unexpected findings; and usually grow slowly through contributions from many different investigators (e.g., atomic theory, quantum theory and Newtonian mechanics).
§ Summarize how nuclear reactions convert a small amount of matter into a large amount of energy. (Fission involves the splitting of a large nucleus into smaller nuclei; fusion is the joining of two small nuclei into a larger nucleus at extremely high energies.)
This is a two-part assignment.
1. Read chapter 9 of your text (pp. 283-306) and answer at least 10 of the BOLD questions below. ____/ 10 points
2. Add the notes to your answers as needed from the lectures in class. ____/ 5 points
Question / Notes / Diagram or Picture1. Define Radioactivity
Lecture Notes: / Definition:
Radioactive Contamination:
Ionizing Radiation
2. What is an Alpha (a) particle?
Lecture Notes / Characteristics:
Range: / Shielding:
Hazards:
Sources:
3. What is a Beta (b) particle?
Lecture Notes: / Characteristics:
Range: / Shielding:
Hazards:
Sources:
4. What is a Gamma (g) Ray?
Lecture Notes / Characteristics:
Range: / Shielding:
Hazards:
Sources:
5. What is a neutron particle?
Characteristics:
Range: / Shielding:
Hazards:
Sources:
6. What are the units of measure for radioactive exposure?
Lecture Notes / 1.
2. / 3.
4.
7. What is a
half-life?
Lecture Notes: / Definition:
Calculations: / Graph
8. What is the difference between an acute radiation dose vs. a chronic radiation dose?
Acute: / Chronic:
9. How can radiation enter the body?
Lecture Notes / 1.
2. / 3.
4.
10. What can happen to a cell that has been affected by radiation?
Lecture Notes / 1.
2. / 3.
4.
11. Can you inherit effects of radiation?
What is the annual does to the general population from natural background and manmade sources? / Most of that dose is
from ______
12. What are the three basic protective measures against radiation exposure?
Lecture Notes / 1.
2. / 3.
13. Besides weapons, list two other major uses of nuclear energy.
Lecture Notes / 1. / 2.
14. Explain fission
Lecture Notes
15. What are some of the positive aspects of nuclear power generation?
16. Describe fusion
Lecture Notes
Positives for Fusion
Negatives against Fusion
Fusion on Earth
17. Compare and contrast fission and fusion
Lecture Notes / Reactions / Available Resources
Safety / End Products
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