Notes on pages 110-115
-the fall of France
-the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1859
-General Wolfe marches on Quebec overwhelming the French forces
-Immediately following the fall of France
-James Murray (served under General Wolfe) is the governor in charge of Quebec
-Murray is fair to the beliefs and needs of the French (perhaps because he only had 1500 to control 70,000)
-distrust between the British and the French
-generally the French Canadians did not trust their new British rulers
-they know what had happened to the Acadians
-if the fights starts again who will be on what side?
-The Treaty of Paris in 1763
-France officially concedes land in N.A. to the British
-the First Nations were not consulted about the land exchange
-Treatment of the First Nations
-The French
-give gifts
-respect the sovereignty of the First nations
-The English
– treat them as a conquered people
-no gifts
-no respect for sovereignty
-gave them smallpox infested blankets
-Pontiac’s resistance
-challenged the British colonies by attacking their forts
-united local First Nations and negotiated a treaty with the British to protect hunting lands
-the Royal Proclamation of 1763
-British now see First Nations as a threat and wish to pacify them with a treaty
-The Royal Proclamation of 1763 made…
-clear boundary between British and First Nations lands
-colonists were forbidden to cross into the lands outlined in the treaty
-this allowed British control of expansion (they will negotiate new treaties when necessary)
-British hoped colonists would move North and even the numbers of French to British there.
-The government was outlined in the agreement, but…
-only members of the Anglican church could hold office (and most of the French were Catholic)
This is where we stopped
The Quebec Act of 1774
-revoked the Royal Proclamation of 1763
-enlarged Quebec’s territory to include the Ohio valley
-allowed French language rights
-allowed Catholics to hold public office
-also instated the tithe into Quebec law (10% tax by church)
-reaction
-Governor Carleton does not bother to elect an assembly but chooses to maintain an appointed council.
-(unlike N.S. and P.E.I. which had elected assemblies)
-Seigneurs and Roman Catholic Clergy are happy with it
-many felt they were being forced to live in a foreign (French) colony now
-called it part of the “intolerable acts” (felt it was an abuse of British power
-members of the thirteen colonies (today’s U.S.) were part of this group