New South and Progressive Movement Summative Assessment Study Guide

1)Define/identify the following:

  1. Henry Grady –editor of the Atlanta Constitution and coined the phrase “New South”
  1. Tom Watson –Georgia U.S. House of Representatives, was from the Populist Party, championed the farmer, and introduced the Rural Free Delivery (RFD) bill
  2. Bourbon Triumvirate –a trio (three) of Georgia Democrats that controlled Georgia state politics/government
  3. Populists –A political party “for the people”, mainly had its support from African Americans and poor farmers
  4. Jim Crow laws –statutes (laws) enacted by the Southern states and municipalities that legalized segregation, such as restrooms, restaurants, schools, water fountains, movie theaters, railroad cars, etc.
  5. Plessy v. Ferguson –A U.S. Supreme Court decision that legally supported Jim Crow laws in the South and established the principle of “separate-but-equal” accommodations for blacks and whites
  6. Disenfranchisement – laws preventing African Americans from voting, such as the Literacy Test and the “Grandfather” Clause
  7. Booker T. Washington –educator and reformer, first president of Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, promoted economic equality (work hard)
  8. W.E.B. DuBois –sociologist, historian, civil rights activist who advocated for social equality now
  1. Leo Frank – Jewish man in Atlanta who was placed on trial and convicted of raping and murdering a 13 year-old girl named Mary Phagan
  2. Alonzo Herndon – an entrepreneur who took risks to develop new business in Atlanta; barbershop owner
  3. The International Cotton Exposition –showcase the industries of the New South
  1. Rebecca Latimer Felton – challenged the Bourbons, along with her husband, and became U.S. Senator
  2. Nineteenth Amendment – Women’s right to vote
  1. New South –idea by Henry Grady to promote the South’s industry and transition from agricultural to more industrial to compete with the North

2)What type of economic activity would Henry Grady favor? What type of economic activity would Tom Watson favor? Henry Grady – industry; Tom Watson - agriculture

3)What were the purposes of the International Cotton Exposition?Showcase the economic recovery of the South; highlight region’s natural resources; lure norther investors/businesses

4)What was the Atlanta Race Riot of 1906? Racial tensions in Atlanta over jobs, black desire for civil rights, effects of Reconstruction, and election of 1906 How did the state government respond?declared martial law, 18 blacks and 3 whites killed

5)How did W.E.B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington differ on the issue of equality?DuBois – protest and fight for constitutional equality; Washington – begin at the bottom and work your way up to equality

6)What groups were targeted by the Ku Klux Klan? Catholics, Jews, African Americans, and anyone different

7)Who was a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)? W.E.B. Dubois

8)What is the significance of Rebecca Latimer Felton in regards to the 19th Amendment and women’s suffrage?First female U.S. Senator in U.S. history