NEW CALEDONIA Investment Guide

NEW CALEDONIA
Investment GuIde NEW CALEDONIA
Investment GuIde Pꢀbliꢁhꢂꢃ iꢄ 2009 by Joꢄꢂꢁ day
Aꢀrora Placꢂ, Lꢂꢅꢂl 41, 88 Phillip sꢆrꢂꢂꢆ, syꢃꢄꢂy nsW 2000, Aꢀꢁꢆralia tꢂl: +61 2 8272 0500
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Agꢂꢄcꢂ ꢃꢂ déꢅꢂloppꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ecoꢄoꢇiqꢀꢂ ꢃꢂ la noꢀꢅꢂllꢂ-Caléꢃoꢄiꢂ (AdeCAL)
to obꢆaiꢄ a copy of ꢆhiꢁ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ, plꢂaꢁꢂ coꢄꢆacꢆ Joꢄꢂꢁ day aꢆ ꢆhꢂ aboꢅꢂ aꢃꢃrꢂꢁꢁ.
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Coꢅꢂr iꢇagꢂ: Alaiꢄ eꢆchꢂgaray.
Proꢃꢀcꢂꢃ by Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ Aꢃꢅaꢄꢆagꢂ Iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal Pꢆy Lꢆꢃ
Joꢄꢂꢁ day pꢀblicaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ ꢄoꢆ bꢂ coꢄꢁꢆrꢀꢂꢃ aꢁ lꢂgal aꢃꢅicꢂ oꢄ aꢄy ꢁpꢂciﬁc facꢆꢁ or circꢀꢇꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ. thꢂ coꢄꢆꢂꢄꢆꢁ arꢂ iꢄꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ for gꢂꢄꢂral iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ oꢄly. thiꢁ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ a ꢁꢀbꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆꢂ for lꢂgal or ꢆax profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal aꢃꢅicꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢆ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ ꢄoꢆ bꢂ acꢆꢂꢃ oꢄ or rꢂliꢂꢃ ꢀpoꢄ or ꢀꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ a baꢁiꢁ for aꢄy bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ
ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄ or acꢆioꢄ. Bꢂforꢂ ꢆakiꢄg aꢄy ꢁꢀch ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄ, yoꢀ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆ a ꢁꢀiꢆabiliꢆy qꢀaliﬁꢂꢃ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal aꢃꢅiꢁꢂr oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁpꢂciﬁc facꢆꢁ or circꢀꢇꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ. thꢂ coꢄꢆꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhiꢁ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ ꢇay ꢄoꢆ bꢂ qꢀoꢆꢂꢃ or rꢂfꢂrrꢂꢃ ꢆo iꢄ aꢄy oꢆhꢂr pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ or procꢂꢂꢃiꢄg wiꢆhoꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ prior wriꢆꢆꢂꢄ coꢄꢁꢂꢄꢆ of Joꢄꢂꢁ day, ꢆo bꢂ giꢅꢂꢄ or wiꢆhhꢂlꢃ aꢆ oꢀr ꢃiꢁcrꢂꢆioꢄ. to rꢂqꢀꢂꢁꢆ rꢂpriꢄꢆ pꢂrꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ for aꢄy of ꢆhiꢁ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ, plꢂaꢁꢂ
ꢀꢁꢂ oꢀr ‘Coꢄꢆacꢆ uꢁ’ forꢇ, which caꢄ bꢂ foꢀꢄꢃ oꢄ oꢀr wꢂbꢁiꢆꢂ aꢆ coꢇ. thꢂ ꢇailiꢄg of ꢆhiꢁ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ iꢄꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ ꢆo crꢂaꢆꢂ, aꢄꢃ rꢂcꢂipꢆ of iꢆ ꢃoꢂꢁ
ꢄoꢆ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆꢂ, aꢄ aꢆꢆorꢄꢂy–cliꢂꢄꢆ rꢂlaꢆioꢄꢁhip. thꢂ ꢅiꢂwꢁ ꢁꢂꢆ forꢆh hꢂrꢂiꢄ arꢂ ꢆhꢂ pꢂrꢁoꢄal ꢅiꢂwꢁ of ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhor aꢄꢃ ꢃo ꢄoꢆ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁarily rꢂﬂꢂcꢆ ꢆhoꢁꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Firꢇ. Coꢄꢆꢂꢄꢆꢁ
1.0 GENErAL INfOrmAtION ON NEW CALEDONIA 1
2.3 thꢂ lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork applicablꢂ ꢆo qꢀarriꢂꢁ 21
1.1 Oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw of ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia 3
2.4 Pꢂrꢁoꢄal miꢄiꢄg Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ 21 a) Pꢂrꢁoꢄal miꢄiꢄg Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ
(Aꢀꢆoriꢁaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢁoꢄꢄꢂllꢂ miꢄièrꢂ) (APm) 21
1.2 Coꢀꢄꢆry iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ 4a) Arꢂa aꢄꢃ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ 4
b) exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ 22 b) thꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary aꢁpꢂcꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢁociꢂꢆy 5c) Laꢄgꢀagꢂ 6
2.5 miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ 22 a) exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ 22 b) miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ 22
ꢃ) Cꢀrrꢂꢄcy 6
1.3 Poliꢆical orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ 7a) Hiꢁꢆory 7
2.6 Procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ for graꢄꢆiꢄg APmꢁ aꢄꢃ miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ 23 a) Iꢃꢂꢄꢆiﬁcaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ 23
b) nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ poliꢆical orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ 7c) thꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂrꢁ of aꢀꢆhoriꢆy froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia 9
b) naꢆioꢄaliꢆy of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy, ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢃrꢂꢁꢁ 23 c) Applicaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ for aꢄ APm or miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂ 23
ꢃ) Fꢀrꢆhꢂr ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄꢁ 23
1.4 Coꢀrꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄꢁ 11 a) Frꢂꢄch soꢅꢂrꢂigꢄꢆy 11
2.7 Lꢂaꢁꢂ of miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ (‘Aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ Coꢄꢆracꢆ’) 24 a) dꢂﬁꢄiꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ 24
b) thꢂ ꢆwo-ꢆiꢂr coꢀrꢆ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ 11 c) mix coꢀrꢆꢁ 11 b) nꢂꢂꢃ for aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ 24
1.5 ecoꢄoꢇy 12 a) GdP 12
c) dꢀraꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ 24
ꢃ) Procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwal 24
ꢂ) Righꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ origiꢄal ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ holꢃꢂr iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ of aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ 24 b) Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ 12
1.6 traꢃꢂ 16 a) Iꢇporꢆꢁ 16
2.8 exporꢆ coꢄꢆrol aꢄꢃ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ 25 a) thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ 25
b) exporꢆꢁ 16 b) Liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄ of orꢂ ꢂxporꢆ 25 c) traꢃꢂ balaꢄcꢂ 16
2.9 Proꢅiꢄcial ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂ 25
2.10 eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork 26
2.0 mINING LEGAL frAmEWOrk 17 a) diꢅiꢁioꢄ of lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory powꢂrꢁ iꢄ
2.1 diꢅiꢁioꢄ of powꢂrꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ lꢂꢅꢂlꢁ of goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia 19
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal law ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ 26
b) eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ 26 a) siꢆꢀaꢆioꢄ froꢇ 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1954 ꢆo 1 Jaꢄꢀary 2000 19 b) siꢆꢀaꢆioꢄ siꢄcꢂ 1 Jaꢄꢀary 2000 19
2.11 miꢄꢂ policꢂ 29
2.12 naꢆiꢅꢂ tiꢆlꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ dꢂclaraꢆioꢄ oꢄ Righꢆꢁ of 2.2 Applicablꢂ law 20
Iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ Pꢂoplꢂꢁ 30
a) Hiꢁꢆory of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ 20 b) thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ 20 a) naꢆiꢅꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ 30 b) dꢂclaraꢆioꢄ oꢄ righꢆꢁ of iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ pꢂoplꢂ 30 COntents
3.0 COmpANy LAW rEquIrEmENts 31
5.5 Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial or ꢁiꢆꢂ awarꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ
ꢀꢄioꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ 45
3.1 Oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw 33 a) Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial awarꢃꢁ 45
3.2 Liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ Liabiliꢆy Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ b) uꢄioꢄ acꢆiꢅiꢆy 45
(Sociétés de Capitaux) 33
c) Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢁꢆrikꢂꢁ 45 a) Forꢇaꢆioꢄ of sA, sAs, sARL 33 b) drafꢆiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy 33 c) Lꢂgal forꢇaliꢆiꢂꢁ 33
6.0 OvErvIEW Of thE NEW CALEDONIAN tAx systEm 47
6.1 Pꢂrꢁoꢄal iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax
ꢃ) Coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ 34
(impôt sur le revenu des personnes physiques) 49
ꢂ) Rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ capiꢆal 34 a) Liabiliꢆy ꢆo iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax 49 f) maꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of sA, sAs aꢄꢃ sARL coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ 34 b) taxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ 49
3.3 Braꢄch of a forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy 35
c) Wagꢂꢁ, ꢁalariꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ pꢂꢄꢁioꢄꢁ (traitements, salaires et pensions) 49
ꢃ) Rꢂal ꢂꢁꢆaꢆꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ (revenus fonciers) 49
3.4 Accoꢀꢄꢆiꢄg 35
ꢂ) Coꢇꢇꢂrcial aꢄꢃ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial iꢄcoꢇꢂ
(bénéﬁces industriels et commerciaux) 49 a) Aꢄꢄꢀal accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ 35
b) Accoꢀꢄꢆiꢄg rꢂcorꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢀꢃiꢆ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ 35 c) sꢆaꢆꢀꢆory Aꢀꢃiꢆor 36 f) Agricꢀlꢆꢀral iꢄcoꢇꢂ (bénéﬁces agricoles) 49 g) noꢄ-coꢇꢇꢂrcial iꢄcoꢇꢂ (bénéﬁces non commerciaux) 49 h) diꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ (revenus de capitaux mobiliers) 49 i) Calcꢀlaꢆioꢄ of iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax liabiliꢆy 50
4.0 ImmIGrAtION 37
4.1 Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ Iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ Lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ 39
6.2 Corporaꢆꢂ ꢆax (impôt sur les sociétés) 50 a) scopꢂ 50
4.2 Procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ 39
a) shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ 39 b) viꢁaꢁ wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ 39 b) Corporaꢆꢂ ꢆax liabiliꢆy 50 c) diꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ
(Impôt sur le Revenu des Valeurs Mobilières or IRVM) 50
5.0 EmpLOyING pEOpLE IN NEW CALEDONIA 41
6.3 tax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ 51
5.1 Oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw 43
AbOut JONEs DAy ADECAL 52
5.2 nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ coꢇpaꢄy ꢂꢇployiꢄg ꢁꢆaff locally 43
a) thꢂ lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork 43 b) sꢀꢇꢇary of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Laboꢀr Law rꢀlꢂꢁ, coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ obligaꢆioꢄꢁ 43
c) Coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ boꢃiꢂꢁ 43
5.3 Forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢁꢁigꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂir owꢄ ꢁꢆaff ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia 44
5.4 diffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ ꢆypꢂꢁ of ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ 44

GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn
1.0On neW CALedOnIA neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
1GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
1.1 Oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw of ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia
Aloꢄg wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia paꢁꢁꢂꢃ a ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁchꢂꢇꢂ (Schéma de mise en valeur des richesses minières). thiꢁ ꢁchꢂꢇꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ for global aꢄꢃ loꢄg ꢆꢂrꢇ oriꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆo bꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo: thꢂ ꢃiꢁcoꢅꢂry of ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢇiꢄꢂralꢁ iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg coal, golꢃ, coppꢂr, cobalꢆ, chroꢇꢂ aꢄꢃ aꢄꢆiꢇoꢄy ꢁhorꢆly afꢆꢂr nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia bꢂcaꢇꢂ a Frꢂꢄch coloꢄy iꢄ 1854, haꢁ giꢅꢂꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢄoꢆ oꢄly aꢄ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial aꢃꢅaꢄꢆagꢂ oꢅꢂr iꢆꢁ soꢀꢆh Paciﬁc ꢄꢂighboꢀrꢁ, bꢀꢆ alꢁo iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal poliꢆical aꢄꢃ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄcꢂ far ꢃiꢁproporꢆioꢄal
ꢆo iꢆꢁ gꢂographical ꢁizꢂ. moꢁꢆ ꢄoꢆably, ꢆhꢂ ꢃiꢁcoꢅꢂry of ꢄickꢂl orꢂ by Jꢀlꢂꢁ Garꢄiꢂr iꢄ 1864 haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆ ꢃriꢅꢂr of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry aꢄꢃ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢁ aꢄ iꢄcrꢂꢃiblꢂ porꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ worlꢃ’ꢁ ꢄickꢂl rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ (approxiꢇaꢆꢂly 25–40% ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢂꢁꢆiꢇaꢆꢂꢁ).
ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ clariꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢆraꢄꢁparꢂꢄcy of aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢅiꢂw of faciliꢆaꢆiꢄg a ꢁoꢀꢄꢃ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ;
ꢇakꢂ oꢀꢆ aꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆory of ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ for a bꢂꢆꢆꢂr kꢄowlꢂꢃgꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ poꢆꢂꢄꢆialꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂxploiꢆaꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂꢁ;
prꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ by propoꢁiꢄg aꢃꢂqꢀaꢆꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ, ꢆꢂchꢄical aꢄꢃ ﬁꢄaꢄcial ꢆoolꢁ; thꢂ prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄcꢂ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia grꢂaꢆly iꢄﬂꢀꢂꢄcꢂꢁ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢁocial ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ. thꢂ coꢇplꢂx rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ fraꢇiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢂxporꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg, ꢂꢁpꢂcially ꢄickꢂl, rꢂﬂꢂcꢆꢁ iꢆꢁ iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Iꢄ 2006, ꢄickꢂl rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ 92.2% of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢂxporꢆꢁ.
ꢇaꢄagꢂ oꢄ a loꢄg ꢆꢂrꢇ baꢁiꢁ ꢂcoꢄoꢇical ꢇiꢄiꢄg proﬁꢆ. thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ iꢄiꢆial lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ
ꢁchꢂꢇꢂ aꢄꢃ fꢀrꢆhꢂr rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢂxpꢂcꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ paꢁꢁꢂꢃ. siꢄcꢂ Jaꢄꢀary 2000, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ haꢃ iꢄꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy oꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of hyꢃrocarboꢄꢁ, ꢄickꢂl, chroꢇiꢀꢇ aꢄꢃ cobalꢆ. dꢂciꢁioꢄꢁ rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ arꢂ ꢇaꢃꢂ by ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ, which arꢂ alꢁo rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for ꢁcrꢀꢆiꢄiziꢄg ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ, ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ laboꢀr of ꢆhꢂ
ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry. thꢂ orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for coorꢃiꢄaꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂꢁ Boarꢃ (Conseil des Mines) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂꢁ
Aꢃꢅiꢁory Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ (Comité Consultatif des Mines). thꢂ dirꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ eꢄꢂrgy iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia (dirꢂcꢆioꢄ
ꢃꢂ l’Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆriꢂ, ꢃꢂꢁ miꢄꢂꢁ ꢂꢆ ꢃꢂ l’eꢄꢂrgiꢂ ꢃꢂ la noꢀꢅꢂllꢂ Caléꢃoꢄiꢂ)
(DImENC), iꢁ aꢄ agꢂꢄcy ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ miꢄꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ Gꢂology dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ iꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor. siꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ aꢃopꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ, dImenC haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢂlꢂꢅaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂiꢄg ꢆhꢂ cꢂꢄꢆral boꢃy for ꢆhꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢀꢁagꢂ of ꢇiꢄꢂral rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ wiꢆh rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ haꢁ rꢂcꢂꢄꢆly bꢂꢂꢄ coꢃiﬁꢂꢃ for
ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ parꢆ pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ 39 of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ Orgaꢄic
Law. Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ paꢁꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ march 18, 2009 a ꢄꢂw miꢄiꢄg Law,
ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhiꢄg a miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ (ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ) which ꢂꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo forcꢂ oꢄ April 30, 2009. Aꢁ a rꢂꢁꢀlꢆ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ iꢁ lꢂꢁꢁ ꢁcaꢆꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢆꢂxꢆꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg
Coꢃꢂ haꢁ ꢄoꢆ yꢂꢆ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢆraꢄꢁlaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo eꢄgliꢁh. thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ iꢁ ꢃirꢂcꢆꢂꢃ ꢆowarꢃꢁ achiꢂꢅiꢄg ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg goalꢁ:
1 ꢆꢂr rꢀꢂ uꢄgꢂr - B.P. 465 – 98845 noꢀꢇéa CedeX t: 27 02 30 F: Fax 27 23 45 ꢃiꢇꢂꢄc@goꢀꢅ.ꢄc
hꢆꢆp://
gaꢆhꢂriꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀriꢄg nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢁcaꢆꢆꢂrꢂꢃ ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ iꢄꢆo oꢄꢂ cohꢂꢁiꢅꢂ coꢃꢂ;
raꢆioꢄaliꢁiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢁiꢇplifyiꢄg nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ forꢂigꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄ of coꢄꢃꢀciꢅꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ for forꢂigꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆorꢁ;
faciliꢆaꢆiꢄg ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ for opꢂꢄ ꢃialogꢀꢂ aꢄꢃ coorꢃiꢄaꢆioꢄ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆorꢁ, aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ local coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆiꢂꢁ;
ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhiꢄg aꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ fraꢇꢂwork, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg aꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal approꢅal procꢂꢁꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ obligaꢆioꢄꢁ; aꢄꢃ
ꢁꢀpporꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢂxporꢆ of ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgically ꢆraꢄꢁforꢇꢂꢃ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ laꢆꢂriꢆꢂꢁ; aꢄꢃ
prꢂꢁꢂrꢅiꢄg rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of proꢅiꢄcial
ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢁ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
3GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
1.2 Coꢀꢄꢆry Iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ thꢂ exclꢀꢁiꢅꢂ ecoꢄoꢇic Zoꢄꢂ (eeZ) of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢂꢁꢆiꢇaꢆꢂꢃ aꢆ aboꢀꢆ 1,450,000 ꢁq. kꢇ, which iꢁ approxiꢇaꢆꢂly half ꢆhꢂ ꢁizꢂ of ꢆhꢂ mꢂꢃiꢆꢂrraꢄꢂaꢄ ꢁꢂa. a)ꢀareaꢀandꢀpopulation aꢁꢂꢃ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ aꢄ archipꢂlago iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Paciﬁc Ocꢂaꢄ locaꢆꢂꢃ
ꢄꢂar ꢆhꢂ tropic of Capricorꢄ aboꢀꢆ 1,500 kꢇ off ꢆhꢂ ꢂaꢁꢆ coaꢁꢆ of Aꢀꢁꢆralia, 1,800 kꢇ ꢄorꢆh of nꢂw Zꢂalaꢄꢃ, 7,500 kꢇ froꢇ Japaꢄ aꢄꢃ
18,000 kꢇ froꢇ ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ Fraꢄcꢂ. tꢅꢇꢅgꢁꢃꢇhy thꢂ ‘Chaiꢄꢂ’ ꢇoꢀꢄꢆaiꢄ raꢄgꢂ ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇaiꢄlaꢄꢃ ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂ cꢂꢄꢆrꢂ. thꢂ highꢂꢁꢆ ꢁꢀꢇꢇiꢆꢁ arꢂ mꢆ. Paꢄié aꢆ 1,628ꢇ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢄorꢆh of ꢆhꢂ iꢁlaꢄꢃ aꢄꢃ mꢆ. Hꢀꢇbolꢆ aꢆ 1,618ꢇ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁoꢀꢆh of ꢆhꢂ iꢁlaꢄꢃ. thꢂ ꢂaꢁꢆꢂrꢄ ꢁiꢃꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢇaiꢄ iꢁlaꢄꢃ haꢁ a high aꢄꢃ raggꢂꢃ coaꢁꢆliꢄꢂ
ꢆhaꢆ ꢃropꢁ ꢁꢆraighꢆ ꢃowꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Lagooꢄ (le Lagon) aꢄꢃ iꢁ ꢂxpoꢁꢂꢃ
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ traꢃꢂ Wiꢄꢃꢁ. Iꢄ coꢄꢆraꢁꢆ, ꢆhꢂ Wꢂꢁꢆ Coaꢁꢆ iꢁ low wiꢆh ꢁꢂꢅꢂral plaiꢄꢁ. thꢂ ꢀꢄiqꢀꢂ ꢆopography caꢀꢁꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Chaiꢄꢂ ꢇoꢀꢄꢆaiꢄꢁ
ꢇꢂaꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ ꢇoꢁꢆ cycloꢄꢂꢁ arꢂ prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ or wꢂakꢂꢄꢂꢃ bꢂforꢂ ꢆhꢂy rꢂach ꢆhꢂ capiꢆal, noꢀꢇéa. thꢂꢀrꢂgꢄꢅꢆ thꢂ Paciﬁc rꢂgioꢄ iꢁ ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo ꢆhrꢂꢂ gꢂographical groꢀpꢁ: microꢄꢂꢁia iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆh, Polyꢄꢂꢁia iꢄ ꢆhꢂ eaꢁꢆ aꢄꢃ mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁia iꢄ
ꢆhꢂ Wꢂꢁꢆ. mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁia coꢇpriꢁꢂꢁ Fiji, vaꢄꢀaꢆꢀ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia,
ꢆhꢂ soloꢇoꢄ Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ, Papꢀa nꢂw Gꢀiꢄꢂa aꢄꢃ Iriaꢄ Jaya. nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢁiꢆꢀaꢆꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 19° aꢄꢃ 23° laꢆiꢆꢀꢃꢂ ꢁoꢀꢆh aꢄꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 158° aꢄꢃ 172° loꢄgiꢆꢀꢃꢂ ꢂaꢁꢆ aꢄꢃ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhirꢃ largꢂꢁꢆ iꢁlaꢄꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆh Paciﬁc afꢆꢂr Papꢀa nꢂw Gꢀiꢄꢂa aꢄꢃ nꢂw Zꢂalaꢄꢃ. thꢂ Iꢁlꢂ of Piꢄꢂꢁ haꢁ a cꢂꢄꢆral plaꢆꢂaꢀ aꢄꢃ coral coaꢁꢆal plaiꢄ whilꢂ
ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ arꢂ ﬂaꢆ iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ forꢇꢂꢃ froꢇ coral. thꢂꢀaꢁchꢄꢇꢂꢈꢃgꢅ
Wiꢆh aꢄ arꢂa of 18,575 kꢇ2 ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ archipꢂlago
New Caledonia and tꢀe Woꢁld Diꢂꢃance noꢀꢇéa - Pariꢁ: 16,674 kꢇ
coꢄꢁiꢁꢆꢁ of:
ꢆhꢂ maiꢄlaꢄꢃ (aboꢀꢆ 400kꢇ loꢄg aꢄꢃ 40kꢇ wiꢃꢂ) oꢄ a soꢀꢆheaꢁꢆ/norꢆh-Wꢂꢁꢆ axiꢁ; noꢀꢇéa - Loꢁ Aꢄgꢂlꢂꢁ: 10,095 kꢇ noꢀꢇéa - tokyo: 6,972 kꢇ
Iꢁlꢂ of Piꢄꢂꢁ (150kꢇ2), iꢄ a soꢀꢆh-eaꢁꢆ aligꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ maiꢄlaꢄꢃ; noꢀꢇéa - Aꢀcklaꢄꢃ: 1,859 kꢇ noꢀꢇéa - Briꢁbaꢄꢂ: 1,500 kꢇ noꢀꢇéa - sꢀꢅa: 1,400 kꢇ
ꢆhꢂ Bꢂlꢂp Archipꢂlago (70kꢇ2), iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆh-Wꢂꢁꢆ aligꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ maiꢄlaꢄꢃ; noꢀꢇéa – Porꢆ-vila: 527 kꢇ
ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of Lifoꢀ, marꢂ, Oꢀꢅꢂa aꢄꢃ tiga; aꢄꢃ ꢄꢀꢇꢂroꢀꢁ ꢁꢇall iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ (a ꢆoꢆal of 1,981 kꢇ2) oꢄ aꢄ axiꢁ parallꢂl ꢆo ꢆhꢂ maiꢄlaꢄꢃ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ eaꢁꢆ Coaꢁꢆ. soꢀrcꢂ: Isee, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia facꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ ﬁgꢀrꢂꢁ, 2007. mꢄniciꢅaliꢃieꢂ Oꢆ New Caledonia neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
4GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
Iꢄ 2004, 44.7% of ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ waꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr 25 yꢂarꢁ of agꢂ, howꢂꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ caꢆꢂgory of pꢂoplꢂ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr 15 yꢂarꢁ olꢃ waꢁ iꢄ ꢃꢂcliꢄꢂ coꢇparꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢅioꢀꢁ cꢂꢄꢁꢀꢁ iꢄ 2006. Coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄꢆly, ꢆhꢂ
ꢇꢂꢃiaꢄ agꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia waꢁ 30.2 yꢂarꢁ olꢃ, aꢄ iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ ꢇꢂꢃiaꢄ agꢂ of 27.8 yꢂarꢁ olꢃ iꢄ 1996. Aꢅꢂragꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ
ꢃꢂꢄꢁiꢆy waꢁ 12.4 iꢄhabiꢆaꢄꢆꢁ pꢂr ꢁqꢀarꢂ kiloꢇꢂꢆrꢂ: 4.6 iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ; 11.1 iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ; aꢄꢃ 23.4 iꢄ
ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. maxiꢇꢀꢇ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ ꢃꢂꢄꢁiꢆy waꢁ rꢂcorꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ noꢀꢇéa wiꢆh 2,000 iꢄhabiꢆaꢄꢆꢁ pꢂr ꢁqꢀarꢂ kiloꢇꢂꢆrꢂ. dꢂmꢅgꢁꢃꢇhy
Accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ laꢁꢆ cꢂꢄꢁꢀꢁ iꢄ 2004, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ waꢁ 230,789 pꢂoplꢂ. Iꢆ iꢁ cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆly ꢂꢁꢆiꢇaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆhaꢆ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ will ꢂxcꢂꢂꢃ 250,000 pꢂoplꢂ iꢄ 2009, riꢁiꢄg ꢆo 300,000 iꢄ
2018, aꢄꢃ ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ ꢃoꢀblꢂ ꢆo 500,000 iꢄ 36 yꢂarꢁ.
Whꢂꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia bꢂcaꢇꢂ a Frꢂꢄch coloꢄy iꢄ ꢆhꢂ 1850ꢁ,
ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ iꢁlaꢄꢃ coꢄꢁiꢁꢆꢂꢃ of approxiꢇaꢆꢂly 30,000
ꢆo 40,000 iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ ‘Kaꢄak’ pꢂoplꢂ. By 1900, ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of eꢀropꢂaꢄ ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂrꢁ waꢁ approxiꢇaꢆꢂly 23, 500. thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢅꢂry ꢃiꢅꢂrꢁꢂ. thꢂ laꢁꢆ cꢂꢄꢁꢀꢁ iꢄ which qꢀꢂꢁꢆioꢄꢁ rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo ꢂꢆhꢄiciꢆy wꢂrꢂ poꢁꢂꢃ (1996), ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ
ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ iꢄꢆo ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg groꢀpꢁ: b)ꢀꢀtꢉeꢀꢊustoꢋarꢌꢀaspeꢊtꢀofꢀnewꢀ
ꢊaledonianꢀsoꢊietꢌ thꢂ mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄ ‘Kaꢄak’ ꢆraꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁꢆill ꢂxiꢁꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Kaꢄak ꢁociꢂꢆy iꢁ a cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ꢁociꢂꢆy which iꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ claꢄꢁ which ꢆhꢂꢄ forꢇ largꢂr groꢀpꢁ of ꢆribꢂꢁ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ciꢅil law ackꢄowlꢂꢃgꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂxiꢁꢆꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ꢁociꢂꢆy aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ of ꢆhꢂ Kaꢄak pꢂoplꢂ iꢁ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄally rꢂcogꢄiꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ accorꢃaꢄcꢂ wiꢆh Arꢆiclꢂ 75 of ꢆhꢂ Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ which proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ pꢂoplꢂ who haꢅꢂ Kaꢄak cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ caꢄ
ꢂlꢂcꢆ ꢆo bꢂ goꢅꢂrꢄꢂꢃ by ‘cꢀꢁꢆoꢇ’ iꢄ ciꢅil ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ.
Eꢃꢀnic Diꢇeꢁꢂiꢃꢈ in New Caledonia
6%
1%
3% mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄꢁ eꢀropꢂaꢄꢁ
Walliꢁiaꢄꢁ
Polyꢄꢂꢁiaꢄꢁ
Iꢄꢃoꢄꢂꢁiaꢄꢁ viꢂꢆꢄaꢇꢂꢁꢂ
Oꢆhꢂr
44%
3% spꢂciﬁc ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ for ꢄaꢆiꢅꢂ ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁ waꢁ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ by dꢂcrꢂꢂ
ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 21 Jꢀꢄꢂ 1934 ꢆo ꢂꢄcoꢇpaꢁꢁ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ for cꢂrꢆaiꢄ acꢆꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢇarriagꢂ aꢄꢃ aꢃopꢆioꢄ. spꢂciﬁc ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ waꢁ ꢂlꢂꢅaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ‘cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ’ by dꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄ ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 3
April 1967, which haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢁꢀpplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law of 19 march 1999 ꢆo prꢂciꢁꢂly ꢃꢂﬁꢄꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ.
9%
Iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar, ꢆhrꢂꢂ ꢂlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂ ꢆhꢂ iꢃꢂꢄꢆiꢆy of ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ: paꢆꢂrꢄal ꢁꢀrꢄaꢇꢂ or faꢇily ꢄaꢇꢂ; Chriꢁꢆiaꢄ
ꢄaꢇꢂ(ꢁ); aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀal or mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄ ﬁrꢁꢆ ꢄaꢇꢂ. A pꢂrꢁoꢄ’ꢁ mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄ ꢄaꢇꢂ iꢁ of parꢆicꢀlar iꢇporꢆaꢄcꢂ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary law, ꢂꢁpꢂcially iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo laꢄꢃ righꢆꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ a claꢄ. Wiꢆh rꢂgarꢃ
ꢆo laꢄꢃ, ꢆhꢂ ꢂxiꢁꢆꢂꢄcꢂ of a ‘ꢇaꢁꢆꢂr of ꢆhꢂ laꢄꢃ’ claꢄ iꢁ gꢂꢄꢂrally accꢂpꢆꢂꢃ, froꢇ whoꢇ ꢆhꢂ ꢇajoriꢆy of faꢇiliꢂꢁ ꢇakiꢄg ꢀp ꢆhꢂ claꢄꢁ or ꢆribꢂꢁ origiꢄally rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ a coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ, bꢂiꢄg ꢆhꢂ laꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂy liꢅꢂ oꢄ aꢄꢃ cꢀlꢆiꢅaꢆꢂ. mayorꢁ, aꢁ rꢂgiꢁꢆrarꢁ, arꢂ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for kꢂꢂpiꢄg cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢁ. Whꢂꢄ ꢃꢂaliꢄg wiꢆh a Kaꢄak pꢂrꢁoꢄ’ꢁ ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ aꢃjꢀꢃicaꢆioꢄ of a ciꢅil claiꢇ, a jꢀꢃgꢂ will bꢂ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆwo cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁorꢁ.
34%
Source: INSEE-ITSEE, Images de la population de la Nouvelle-Calédonie/ Principaux résultat du recensement 1996, INSEE Résultats, série Démographique-société, n55, février 1997 thꢂ mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄ ‘Kaꢄak’ coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆy rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢁ 44.1% of ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢆirꢂ
Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ: bꢂiꢄg 97.1% of ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy
Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ, aꢄꢃ 77.9% of ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. thꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆy rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢁ 34.1% of ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆly rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. thꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ ꢁprꢂaꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ iꢁ: 71.2% iꢄ ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ; 19.3% iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ; aꢄꢃ 9.6% iꢄ
ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. thꢂ ꢆribꢂ iꢆꢁꢂlf iꢁ aꢄ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂly rꢂcogꢄiꢁꢂꢃ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ wiꢆhiꢄ mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄ ꢁociꢂꢆy aꢄꢃ groꢀpꢁ of ꢆribꢂꢁ forꢇ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ꢃiꢁꢆricꢆꢁ. thꢂ Claꢄ Coꢀꢄcil (le conseil du clan) iꢁ aꢄ iꢄꢆꢂgral parꢆ of ꢆhꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ꢁocial aꢄꢃ ꢇoꢃꢂrꢄ poliꢆical ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ aꢄꢃ rꢀlꢂꢁ oꢄ qꢀꢂꢁꢆioꢄꢁ rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo claꢄ propꢂrꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ. thꢂ Claꢄ Coꢀꢄcil
ꢇay bꢂ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢂꢃ, by ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ dImenC.
Of ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ ꢁhowꢄ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ 2004 cꢂꢄꢁꢀꢁ (230,789), ꢆhꢂrꢂ wꢂrꢂ
116,485 ꢇꢂꢄ aꢄꢃ 114,304 woꢇꢂꢄ. Alꢇoꢁꢆ all haꢅꢂ Frꢂꢄch ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁhip.
Forꢂigꢄ ꢄaꢆioꢄalꢁ wꢂrꢂ ꢇaiꢄly froꢇ Aꢁiaꢄ aꢄꢃ Ocꢂaꢄiaꢄ coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
5GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA tꢁiꢉal Gꢁoꢄꢅꢂ in New Caledonia
Laai drꢂhꢀ
Hooꢆ ma Waap
Paici Caꢇꢀki nꢂꢄgoꢄꢂ
Xaracꢀꢀ
Ajië-Aro djꢀbꢂa-Kapoꢄꢂ
Source: Institut de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (ISEE), Panorama des tribus, Notes et Documents No. 78, avril 1998
Accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ 1996 cꢂꢄꢁꢀꢁ, ꢆhꢂrꢂ wꢂrꢂ 341 ꢆribꢂꢁ (ꢁlighꢆly
ꢊ)ꢀlanꢍuaꢍe lꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhaꢄ ꢆhrꢂꢂ-qꢀarꢆꢂrꢁ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ maiꢄlaꢄꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢇaiꢄiꢄg iꢄ
Frꢂꢄch iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ofﬁcial laꢄgꢀagꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ liꢄgꢀa fraꢄca ꢀꢁꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ froꢇ ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ ꢆribꢂꢁ. dꢂꢁpiꢆꢂ ꢆhiꢁ, nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ rꢂꢇarkablꢂ liꢄgꢀiꢁꢆic ꢃiꢅꢂrꢁiꢆy wiꢆh 29 ꢅꢂrꢄacꢀlar laꢄgꢀagꢂꢁ ꢁpokꢂꢄ acroꢁꢁ ꢆhꢂ archipꢂlago.
ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ) liꢅiꢄg iꢄ 160 iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢁ. 80,443 mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄꢁ ꢃꢂclarꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂꢇꢁꢂlꢅꢂꢁ aꢁ bꢂloꢄgiꢄg ꢆo a ꢆribꢂ, bꢀꢆ ꢄoꢆ
ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁarily rꢂꢁiꢃiꢄg iꢄ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢁ, whilꢂ 28.7% of ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ acꢆꢀally liꢅꢂꢃ iꢄ a ꢆribꢂ. d)ꢀꢊurrenꢊꢌ thꢂ Orgaꢄic Law afﬁrꢇꢁ ꢆhꢂ Kaꢄak ꢆiꢂꢁ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ laꢄꢃ, ꢁꢆipꢀlaꢆiꢄg iꢄ
Arꢆiclꢂ 18 ꢆhaꢆ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃꢁ arꢂ iꢄaliꢂꢄablꢂ, ꢄoꢄ-ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂrablꢂ,
ꢄoꢄ-ꢂxchaꢄgꢂablꢂ aꢄꢃ caꢄꢄoꢆ bꢂ ꢁꢂizꢂꢃ. thꢂ cꢀrrꢂꢄcy iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢆhꢂ Paciﬁc Fraꢄc (XPF or CFP). Iꢆ haꢁ a ﬁxꢂꢃ ꢂxchaꢄgꢂ raꢆꢂ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ eꢀro (€) of 1€ = 119.3317 XPF. thꢂ
ﬁxꢂꢃ ꢂxchaꢄgꢂ raꢆꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ for ꢂxchaꢄgꢂ ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy iꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal
ꢆraꢄꢁacꢆioꢄꢁ. thꢂ Paciﬁc Fraꢄc iꢁ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ Iꢁꢁꢀiꢄg Iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆꢂ
(Institut d’Emission d’Outre Mer) (IEOm). neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
6GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
1.3 Poliꢆical orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ aꢀꢆoꢄoꢇy aꢄꢃ ciꢅil rꢂlaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ righꢆꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ pꢂoplꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ ꢃꢂꢁcꢂꢄꢃaꢄꢆꢁ. thiꢁ rꢂfꢂrꢂꢄꢃꢀꢇ law of 9 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1988 ꢂꢄablꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory ꢆo rꢂgaiꢄ
ꢁꢆabiliꢆy for ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢃꢂcaꢃꢂ. a)ꢀꢉistorꢌ thꢂ archipꢂlago waꢁ ‘ꢃiꢁcoꢅꢂrꢂꢃ’ aꢄꢃ ꢄaꢇꢂꢃ ‘nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ by eꢄgliꢁh Capꢆaiꢄ, Jaꢇꢂꢁ Cook oꢄ 4 sꢂpꢆꢂꢇbꢂr 1774. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢁꢂꢄcꢂ of Lapiꢆa poꢆꢆꢂry ꢃaꢆiꢄg back ꢆo 1300 BC iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂarliꢂꢁꢆ proof of mꢂlaꢄꢂꢁiaꢄ lifꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Iꢄ 1998, ꢆhꢂ rꢂfꢂrꢂꢄꢃꢀꢇ waꢁ ꢃꢀly orgaꢄiꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo approꢅꢂ
ꢆhꢂ ‘noꢀꢇéa Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ which ꢂꢄoꢀꢄcꢂꢃ a ꢄꢂw ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂ for nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢆhaꢆ rꢂcogꢄiꢁꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ aꢄꢃ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary righꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa
Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ a fraꢇꢂwork for goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂꢁcꢂꢄꢃaꢄꢆꢁ of eꢀropꢂaꢄ ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂrꢁ, aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ coꢄcꢂꢃiꢄg grꢂaꢆꢂr aꢀꢆoꢄoꢇy for ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
For ꢄꢂarly 70 yꢂarꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 1774 aꢄꢃ 1840 liꢆꢆlꢂ coꢄꢆacꢆ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ archipꢂlago waꢁ rꢂcorꢃꢂꢃ. Iꢄiꢆial ꢅiꢁiꢆorꢁ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia wꢂrꢂ
ꢁꢂafarꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ piraꢆꢂꢁ who ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ ꢆraꢃiꢄg cꢂꢄꢆrꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Paciﬁc
ꢃꢀriꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢃ 1800ꢁ. thꢂꢁꢂ ꢅiꢁiꢆorꢁ wꢂrꢂ ꢆhꢂꢄ followꢂꢃ by Briꢆiꢁh
Proꢆꢂꢁꢆaꢄꢆ ꢇiꢁꢁioꢄariꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ Frꢂꢄch Caꢆholicꢁ.
Oꢄ 24 sꢂpꢆꢂꢇbꢂr 1853, Rꢂar-Aꢃꢇiral Fébꢅriꢂr-dꢂꢁpoiꢄꢆꢂꢁ ofﬁcially
ꢆook poꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁioꢄ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia by orꢃꢂr of napolꢂoꢄ III iꢄ orꢃꢂr
ꢆo ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁh a pꢂꢄal coloꢄy. thꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ coꢄꢅicꢆꢁ laꢄꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ 1864 aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ pꢂꢄiꢆꢂꢄꢆiary aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ rꢂꢇaiꢄꢂꢃ ꢀꢄꢆil 1897. Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ 1890ꢁ, coloꢄialꢁ froꢇ ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ Fraꢄcꢂ wꢂrꢂ ꢂꢄcoꢀragꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ wꢂrꢂ offꢂrꢂꢃ laꢄꢃ for ꢆhꢂ cꢀlꢆiꢅaꢆioꢄ of coffꢂꢂ.
Howꢂꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢁo-callꢂꢃ ‘frꢂꢂ coloꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ policy’ waꢁ ꢁhorꢆ liꢅꢂꢃ
ꢃꢀꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢆropical cliꢇaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢁolaꢆioꢄ froꢇ Fraꢄcꢂ. Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ 1920ꢁ aꢄoꢆhꢂr groꢀp of Frꢂꢄch ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂrꢁ ꢆriꢂꢃ ꢆo cꢀlꢆiꢅaꢆꢂ coꢆꢆoꢄ bꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂy
ꢆoo wꢂrꢂ ꢀꢄꢁꢀccꢂꢁꢁfꢀl.
Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Accorꢃ, ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, waꢁ paꢁꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ march 1999. thꢂ Orgaꢄic Law proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ for ꢆhꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ aꢀꢆoꢄoꢇoꢀꢁ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ aꢄꢃ a progrꢂꢁꢁiꢅꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr of aꢀꢆhoriꢆy froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ. Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ,
ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Accorꢃ haꢁ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ for a pꢀblic coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆioꢄ pꢂrioꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 2014 aꢄꢃ 2018 ꢆo bꢂ hꢂlꢃ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo ꢃꢂciꢃꢂ whꢂꢆhꢂr nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia will accꢂꢃꢂ ꢆo haꢅꢂ iꢄꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ ꢁoꢅꢂrꢂigꢄꢆy froꢇ
Fraꢄcꢂ. thꢂ ꢁꢂlf-ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢁꢁ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Accorꢃ haꢁ ꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ ꢁocial ꢁꢆabiliꢆy iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ ꢃiꢁcoꢅꢂry of ꢄickꢂl orꢂ by ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄgiꢄꢂꢂr Jꢀlꢂꢁ Garꢄiꢂr iꢄ 1864 iꢁ a laꢄꢃꢇark iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ hiꢁꢆory. Wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆwꢂꢄꢆy yꢂarꢁ, ꢆhꢂ
ꢄickꢂl ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry haꢃ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢂꢃ ꢁo rapiꢃly oꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢁlaꢄꢃ ꢆhaꢆ iꢆ waꢁ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary ꢆo iꢇporꢆ laboꢀr, parꢆicꢀlarly froꢇ Aꢁia, ꢆo ꢁꢀꢁꢆaiꢄ
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ. b)ꢀꢀnewꢀꢊaledonia’sꢀpolitiꢊalꢀ orꢍanisation
Followiꢄg ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia bꢂcaꢇꢂ a ꢆꢂrriꢆorial collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆy wiꢆh a ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ
(a ‘sui generis collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆy’). thꢂ cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆ poliꢆical orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢃꢂriꢅꢂꢃ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, (no. 99-209 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ
19 march 1999), which followꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ maꢆigꢄoꢄ Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ waꢁ ꢂꢄacꢆꢂꢃ pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂꢁ 76 aꢄꢃ 77 of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ. Coꢇbiꢄꢂꢃ, ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ lawꢁ crꢂaꢆꢂ a coꢇplꢂx ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ ꢆhaꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂ allocaꢆioꢄ of powꢂrꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ, ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ
ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. thꢂ sꢂcoꢄꢃ Worlꢃ War iꢁ aꢄoꢆhꢂr laꢄꢃꢇark iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ hiꢁꢆory aꢁ iꢆ ꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢃ aꢁ a ꢇiliꢆary logiꢁꢆicꢁ baꢁꢂ for Aꢇꢂricaꢄ ꢆroopꢁ
ꢃꢀriꢄg ꢆhꢂ war. Iꢄ 1946, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia choꢁꢂ ꢆo bꢂcoꢇꢂ aꢄ oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ ꢆꢂrriꢆory wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ Rꢂpꢀblic of Fraꢄcꢂ. thꢂ ꢃꢂcoloꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ pꢂrioꢃ followiꢄg ꢆhꢂ sꢂcoꢄꢃ Worlꢃ War ꢃiꢃ ꢄoꢆ affꢂcꢆ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢀꢄꢆil ꢆhꢂ ꢂarly 1970ꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄcꢂ ꢇoꢅꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ pꢂakꢂꢃ ꢃꢀriꢄg ꢆhꢂ 1980ꢁ which waꢁ characꢆꢂriꢁꢂꢃ by poliꢆical criꢁiꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢅiolꢂꢄꢆ coꢄfroꢄꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ pro-iꢄꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄcꢂ
Kaꢄakꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂꢁcꢂꢄꢃaꢄꢆꢁ of Frꢂꢄch ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂrꢁ. A poliꢆical accorꢃ –
ꢆhꢂ ‘maꢆigꢄoꢄ Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ – waꢁ achiꢂꢅꢂꢃ iꢄ 1988 which ꢁꢂꢆ a ꢃaꢆꢂ for a rꢂfꢂrꢂꢄꢃꢀꢇ ꢆo bꢂ hꢂlꢃ iꢄ ꢆꢂꢄ yꢂarꢁ ꢆiꢇꢂ ꢆo ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
7GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA thꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ prꢂparꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆꢂꢁ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ’ ꢃꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ, aꢄꢃ wiꢆh Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ’ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy aꢃopꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory ꢃꢂcrꢂꢂꢁ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ for ꢆhꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of iꢆꢁ ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄꢁ. dꢂcrꢂꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ coꢀꢄꢆꢂrꢁigꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂr rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for oꢅꢂrꢁꢂꢂiꢄg iꢆꢁ ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆioꢄ. thꢂꢁꢂ ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄꢁ arꢂ ꢇaꢃꢂ by ꢇajoriꢆy
ꢅoꢆꢂ. Iꢄiꢆiaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ for lawꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ coꢇꢂ froꢇ boꢆh ꢆhꢂ
Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ.
(ꢎ.1)ꢀ thꢂꢀfꢁꢂꢆchꢀꢏꢐꢃꢐꢂ thꢂ Frꢂꢄch Rꢂpꢀblic rꢂꢆaiꢄꢁ ꢁoꢅꢂrꢂigꢄꢆy iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo a ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of hꢂaꢃꢁ of powꢂr. thꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ iꢁ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia by ꢆhꢂ High
Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr (le Haut Commissaire de la République). thꢂ High
Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr chꢂckꢁ ꢆhꢂ lꢂgaliꢆy of ꢆhꢂ acꢆꢁ ꢆakꢂꢄ or paꢁꢁꢂꢃ by local aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Aꢁ a liꢄk bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ Fraꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ aꢄꢃ local aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ, ꢆhꢂ High Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ aꢄꢃ/or Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ oꢄ ꢄaꢆioꢄal
(b.2.3) thꢂ ecoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ social Coꢀꢄcil thꢂ ecoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ social Coꢀꢄcil (Le Conseil Economique et Social) iꢁ a coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ boꢃy, coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of 39 ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg 28 rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ ciꢅil ꢁociꢂꢆy ꢃirꢂcꢆly iꢄꢅolꢅꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic, ꢁocial aꢄꢃ cꢀlꢆꢀral acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ ꢃꢂꢁigꢄaꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. thꢂ Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ appoiꢄꢆꢁ ꢆwo ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ appoiꢄꢆꢁ ꢄiꢄꢂ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ. Iꢆꢁ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ arꢂ ꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ,
ꢂꢅꢂry ﬁꢅꢂ yꢂarꢁ.
ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakiꢄgꢁ applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
(ꢎ.2)ꢀ nꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃꢀꢃꢏꢀꢃꢀsui generisꢀcꢅꢈꢈꢂcꢐꢄvꢄꢐy thꢂ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ, ꢆhꢂ
Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢆhꢂ ecoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ social Coꢀꢄcil, ꢆhꢂ Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary Coꢀꢄcilꢁ. thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆy iꢁ ꢁꢀbꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ 33 coꢇꢇꢀꢄꢂꢁ. thꢂ ecoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ social Coꢀꢄcil iꢁ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢂꢃ oꢄ billꢁ or local law propoꢁalꢁ aꢄꢃ oꢄ ꢃꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ of Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ of aꢄ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic, ꢁocial or cꢀlꢆꢀral ꢄaꢆꢀrꢂ. Iꢆ ꢇay alꢁo bꢂ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ/or ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ, ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial aꢁꢁꢂꢇbliꢂꢁ or Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ.
(b.2.1) thꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ thꢂ lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ boꢃy of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ. Iꢆ iꢁ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of 54 ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial aꢁꢁꢂꢇbliꢂꢁ callꢂꢃ
‘Coꢀꢄcillorꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ (Conseillers de Nouvelle Calédonie). each yꢂar ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ ꢂlꢂcꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ of iꢆꢁ ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ,
ꢁꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ, aꢄꢃ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄal coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂꢁ. thꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ
ꢂlꢂcꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ accoꢀꢄꢆablꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ.
(b.2.4) thꢂ Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ thꢂ Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ iꢁ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of 16 ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ. thꢂ
Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary Coꢀꢄcilꢁ appoiꢄꢆ ꢆwo ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ froꢇ ꢂach of ꢆhꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary arꢂaꢁ. A ꢄꢂw prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ ꢃꢂꢁigꢄaꢆꢂꢃ ꢂach yꢂar, iꢄ accorꢃaꢄcꢂ wiꢆh a roꢆaꢆioꢄ ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ aꢇoꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢂighꢆ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary arꢂaꢁ. thꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ alꢁo haꢁ ꢆhꢂ abiliꢆy ꢆo paꢁꢁ local lawꢁ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo
ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ for which iꢆ haꢁ ꢃꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂꢃ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ
99 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law. Lawꢁ paꢁꢁꢂꢃ by Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ coꢇꢂ iꢄꢆo forcꢂ
ꢀpoꢄ proclaꢇaꢆioꢄ by ꢆhꢂ High Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr aꢄꢃ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ iꢄ
ꢆhꢂ Gazꢂꢆꢆꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia (Le Journal Ofﬁciel de la Nouvelle
Calédonie). thꢂ Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ iꢁ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢂꢃ oꢄ billꢁ rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo aꢄꢃ iꢇpacꢆiꢄg oꢄ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ aꢄꢃ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ. Iꢆ caꢄ ꢂxprꢂꢁꢁ aꢄ opiꢄioꢄ oꢄ all billꢁ aꢄꢃ propoꢁalꢁ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo qꢀꢂꢁꢆioꢄꢁ pꢂrꢆaiꢄiꢄg ꢆo Kaꢄak iꢃꢂꢄꢆiꢆy arꢂ
ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆory.
(b.2.2) thꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ thꢂ ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ boꢃy of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, whoꢁꢂ
ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ ꢅariꢂꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ﬁꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ 11, aꢁ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law. thꢂ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ arꢂ ꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ by Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ by proporꢆioꢄal balloꢆ froꢇ parꢆy liꢁꢆꢁ. thꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ꢁ ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆꢂ
ꢂꢄꢃꢁ whꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhaꢆ ꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ iꢆ coꢇꢂꢁ
ꢆo aꢄ ꢂꢄꢃ afꢆꢂr a ꢆꢂrꢇ of ﬁꢅꢂ yꢂarꢁ. thꢂ prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ choꢁꢂꢄ froꢇ aꢄꢃ ꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ by iꢆꢁ
ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ. thꢂ prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢁ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ iꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for iꢆꢁ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ appoiꢄꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ciꢅil
ꢁꢂrꢅaꢄꢆꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
(ꢎ.3)ꢀ thꢂꢀꢐhꢁꢂꢂꢀpꢁꢅvꢄꢆcꢂꢏ thꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia wꢂrꢂ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ
Rꢂfꢂrꢂꢄꢃꢀꢇ ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 9 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1988: ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ, ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ, aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. Iꢄ 1988, ꢆhꢂ
Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ agrꢂꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢃꢂcꢂꢄꢆraliꢁꢂ ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄꢆial powꢂrꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. thꢂ Orgaꢄic Law rꢂiꢄforcꢂꢃ ꢆhiꢁ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr of aꢀꢆhoriꢆy froꢇ
ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. eꢁꢁꢂꢄꢆially, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy oꢄ ꢂꢅꢂry ꢇaꢆꢆꢂr ꢄoꢆ falliꢄg
ꢂxpliciꢆly wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ or ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. In ꢅaꢁꢃicꢄlaꢁ, deciꢂionꢂ ꢁelaꢃing ꢃo ꢃꢀe aꢅꢅlicaꢃion oꢆ ꢊining legiꢂlaꢃion aꢁe ꢊade ꢉꢈ ꢃꢀe pꢁoꢇinceꢂ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
8GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
(c.3)ꢀ ꢀꢉꢂꢃꢒꢏꢀꢅꢓꢀpꢅꢑꢂꢁꢏꢀꢐꢁꢃꢆꢏꢓꢂꢁꢃꢎꢈꢂꢀꢐꢅꢀꢐhꢂꢀꢃꢔꢐhꢅꢁꢄꢐyꢀ
ꢅꢓꢀnꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃ uꢄꢃꢂr Arꢆiclꢂ 26 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, ꢁoꢇꢂ hꢂaꢃꢁ of powꢂrꢁ bꢂloꢄgiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ will bꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂrrꢂꢃ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄ 2009 followiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂw coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁioꢄal ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆꢂ. thꢂꢁꢂ arꢂ:
ꢊ)ꢀꢀtꢉeꢀtransfersꢀofꢀautꢉoritꢌꢀfroꢋꢀtꢉeꢀ frenꢊꢉꢀstateꢀtoꢀnewꢀꢊaledonia thꢂ noꢀꢇéa Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of may 1998 aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law haꢅꢂ giꢅꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢄꢂw powꢂrꢁ iꢄ ꢁꢂꢅꢂral arꢂaꢁ,
ꢁꢀch aꢁ Laboꢀr law, Iꢄꢁꢀraꢄcꢂ Law, taxaꢆioꢄ, Forꢂigꢄ Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ, aꢄꢃ naꢆꢀral Rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ. Aꢁ a coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ, ꢆhꢂ applicablꢂ law iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of boꢆh Frꢂꢄch aꢄꢃ local lawꢁ. thiꢁ coꢇpoꢁiꢆioꢄ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢃꢂꢁigꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo bꢂꢁꢆ allow ꢂcoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ
ꢁocial ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Iꢁlaꢄꢃ aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ progrꢂꢁꢁiꢅꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr of powꢂrꢁ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
ꢂꢃꢀcaꢆioꢄ; aꢄꢃ
ciꢅil aꢄꢃ coꢇꢇꢂrcial law. thꢂ ꢇaꢄꢄꢂr aꢄꢃ ꢆiꢇiꢄg of ꢆhiꢁ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr iꢁ yꢂꢆ ꢆo bꢂ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ.
Aꢁ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic law, froꢇ 2014 ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ ꢆo bꢂgiꢄ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆioꢄ by way of rꢂfꢂrꢂꢄꢃꢀꢇ iꢄ orꢃꢂr
ꢆo ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢆ of ꢁoꢅꢂrꢂigꢄꢆy for ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory. If ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁꢀlꢆ of ꢆhiꢁ ꢅoꢆꢂ lꢂaꢃꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ fꢀll ꢁoꢅꢂrꢂigꢄꢆy of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, all ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢇaiꢄiꢄg hꢂaꢃꢁ of powꢂrꢁ hꢂlꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢇꢂ will bꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂrrꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ tꢂrriꢆory.
(c.1)ꢀ ꢀꢉꢂꢃꢒꢏꢀꢅꢓꢀpꢅꢑꢂꢁꢏꢀꢐꢁꢃꢆꢏꢓꢂꢁꢁꢂꢒꢀꢐꢅꢀꢐhꢂꢀꢃꢔꢐhꢅꢁꢄꢐyꢀꢅꢓꢀ nꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃ thꢂꢁꢂ arꢂ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ by Arꢆiclꢂ 21.2 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law. thꢂy iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ aꢇoꢄg oꢆhꢂrꢁ:
ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ;
laboꢀr law aꢄꢃ ꢆraꢃꢂ ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ law;
iꢄꢁꢀraꢄcꢂ law;
accꢂꢁꢁ ꢆo work for forꢂigꢄꢂrꢁ;
ꢄaꢆiꢅꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂ; aꢄꢃ
ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ.
(c.2)ꢀ ꢀꢉꢂꢃꢒꢏꢀꢅꢓꢀpꢅꢑꢂꢁꢏꢀꢁꢂmꢃꢄꢆꢄꢆgꢀꢑꢄꢐhꢄꢆꢀꢐhꢂꢀꢃꢔꢐhꢅꢁꢄꢐyꢀ
ꢅꢓꢀꢐhꢂꢀfꢁꢂꢆchꢀsꢐꢃꢐꢂ thꢂꢁꢂ arꢂ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ by Arꢆiclꢂ 21.1 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law. thꢂy iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ
ꢇaiꢄly ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆory lawꢁ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo:
jꢀꢁꢆicꢂ;
ꢂꢃꢀcaꢆioꢄ;
iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ;
policꢂ powꢂrꢁ;
forꢂigꢄ affairꢁ; aꢄꢃ
ciꢅil aꢄꢃ coꢇꢇꢂrcial law. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
9GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
Inꢂꢃiꢃꢄꢃionꢂ In New Caledonia proVinꢊes state newꢀꢊaledonia
Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ
Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ
Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ
ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂꢁ
High
Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr
Coꢄꢆrolꢁ Lꢂgaliꢆy aꢄꢃ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢁ
Local
Law bill
Prꢂparꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ exꢂcꢀꢆꢂꢁ ꢃꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ
Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of sꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg
Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ sꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg
Coꢇꢇiꢆꢂꢂ
Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ dꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁibiliꢆy dꢂlibꢂraꢆiꢄg aꢁꢁꢂꢇbliꢂꢁ dꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂ
Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂrꢁ for ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly
ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ mꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ of Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ:
- groꢀpꢁ, coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢁ
Oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ ꢁiꢆꢆiꢄgꢁ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢁ ecꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ social
Coꢀꢄcil
Cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary sꢂꢄaꢆꢂ coꢄꢁꢀlꢆꢁ
Coꢄꢆrolꢁ Lꢂgaliꢆy neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
10 GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
1.4 Coꢀrꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄꢁ which ꢆhꢂrꢂ caꢄ bꢂ ꢄo fꢀrꢆhꢂr appꢂal, whꢂꢆhꢂr ciꢅil or criꢇiꢄal, ꢇay bꢂ ꢆhꢂ objꢂcꢆ of aꢄ appꢂal oꢄ a poiꢄꢆ of law broꢀghꢆ by ꢂiꢆhꢂr parꢆy
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂ. thꢂ Cour de Cassation ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ rꢂꢅiꢂw ꢆhꢂ facꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ, bꢀꢆ haꢁ ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄal ꢁay iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇaꢄꢄꢂr iꢄ which a parꢆicꢀlar lꢂgal rꢀlꢂ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ appliꢂꢃ. a)ꢀfrenꢊꢉꢀsoVereiꢍntꢌ thꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ of jꢀꢁꢆicꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ a powꢂr rꢂꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ. thꢂrꢂforꢂ, ꢆhꢂ jꢀꢃicial ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ largꢂly ꢁiꢇilar ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch jꢀꢃicial ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ.
Bꢂcaꢀꢁꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ a Frꢂꢄch collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆy, ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ of jꢀꢁꢆicꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ goꢅꢂrꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ rꢀlꢂ of law aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ fꢀꢄꢃaꢇꢂꢄꢆal priꢄciplꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂparaꢆioꢄ of powꢂrꢁ. thꢂ ꢇaiꢄ coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂparaꢆioꢄ of powꢂrꢁ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂxiꢁꢆꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆwo
ꢆypꢂꢁ of coꢀrꢆꢁ – jꢀꢃicial coꢀrꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ coꢀrꢆꢁ. thꢂ tribꢀꢄal of Firꢁꢆ Iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ of noꢀꢇéa (Tribunal de Première
Instance de Nouméa) iꢁ joiꢄꢆly ꢇaꢄagꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ tribꢀꢄal (Président du Tribunal) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢁꢂcꢀꢆor of ꢆhꢂ
Rꢂpꢀblic (Procureur de la République). Aparꢆ froꢇ iꢆꢁ ꢆraꢃiꢆioꢄal ciꢅil aꢄꢃ criꢇiꢄal jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄꢁ, ꢆhꢂ tribꢀꢄal of Firꢁꢆ Iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ of noꢀꢇéa ꢂꢄcoꢇpaꢁꢁꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ (Tribunal Mixte de
Commerce), ꢆhꢂ Laboꢀr Coꢀrꢆ (Tribunal du Travail) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Jꢀꢅꢂꢄilꢂ
Coꢀrꢆ (Tribunal des Enfants). Aꢄoꢆhꢂr parꢆicꢀlariꢆy of ꢆhiꢁ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆwo ꢃꢂꢆachꢂꢃ ꢁꢂcꢆioꢄꢁ of ꢆhiꢁ coꢀrꢆ, oꢄꢂ aꢆ Koꢄé aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ oꢆhꢂr aꢆ Wé (Lifoꢀ). thꢂ Coꢀrꢆ alꢁo holꢃꢁ ꢁꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ iꢄ ꢁꢂꢅꢂral oꢆhꢂr local coꢀꢄcilꢁ aroꢀꢄꢃ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ highꢂꢁꢆ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ coꢀrꢆ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ Conseil d’Etat. diꢁpꢀꢆꢂꢁ iꢄꢅolꢅiꢄg aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ law arꢂ ꢄorꢇally hꢂarꢃ aꢆ ﬁrꢁꢆ iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ by Aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ coꢀrꢆꢁ (Tribunaux Administratifs) aꢄꢃ aꢆ
ꢁꢂcoꢄꢃ iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ by ꢆhꢂ Aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ Coꢀrꢆ of Appꢂal (Cours administrative d’Appel).
Jꢀꢃicial coꢀrꢆꢁ haꢅꢂ jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄ oꢅꢂr ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ priꢅaꢆꢂ iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ or coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂꢁ iꢄꢅolꢅiꢄg ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ,
ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ or a nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ whꢂꢄ iꢆ iꢁ acꢆiꢄg iꢄ a coꢇꢇꢂrcial capaciꢆy.
ꢊ)ꢀꢋixꢀꢊourts thꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ iꢁ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of oꢄꢂ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal jꢀꢃgꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆwo coꢄꢁꢀlar jꢀꢃgꢂꢁ, who arꢂ appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ aꢁ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆy. thꢂ Laboꢀr Coꢀrꢆ (Tribunal du Travail) iꢁ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of oꢄꢂ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal jꢀꢃgꢂ, foꢀr aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁorꢁ, ꢆwo
ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆwo ꢂꢇployꢂrꢁ. b)ꢀ tꢉeꢀtwo-tierꢀꢊourtꢀstruꢊture thꢂ jꢀꢃicial coꢀrꢆ ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ iꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ a ꢆwo-ꢆiꢂr coꢀrꢆ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ.
A ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂ ꢇay bꢂ hꢂarꢃ ﬁrꢁꢆ by ꢆhꢂ rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ Coꢀrꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Firꢁꢆ
Iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ (Tribunal de Première Instance), bꢂforꢂ poꢁꢁibly rꢂachiꢄg
ꢆhꢂ Coꢀrꢆ of Appꢂal (Cour d’Appel). Iꢆ iꢁ aꢆ ꢆhiꢁ ꢁꢆagꢂ ꢆhaꢆ a jꢀꢃgꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢃꢂliꢅꢂrꢂꢃ by a coꢀrꢆ of ﬁrꢁꢆ iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ ꢇay bꢂ appꢂalꢂꢃ.
Iꢄ priꢄciplꢂ, ꢆhꢂrꢂforꢂ, ꢂꢅꢂry caꢁꢂ ꢇay bꢂ hꢂarꢃ ꢆwicꢂ iꢄ rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo boꢆh poiꢄꢆꢁ of facꢆ aꢄꢃ poiꢄꢆꢁ of law. thꢂ Coꢀrꢆ of Appꢂal (Cour d’Appel) ꢁiꢆꢁ iꢄ noꢀꢇéa, ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ joiꢄꢆ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁibiliꢆy of ꢆhꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Coꢀrꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Pꢀblic
Proꢁꢂcꢀꢆor aꢄꢃ coꢅꢂrꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ
Walliꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Fꢀꢆꢀꢄa iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ. thꢂrꢂ iꢁ, howꢂꢅꢂr, a ꢆhirꢃ aꢄꢃ laꢁꢆ lꢂꢅꢂl of aꢃjꢀꢃicaꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ Ciꢅil sꢀprꢂꢇꢂ Coꢀrꢆ (Cour de Cassation). thꢂ Cour de Cassation ꢁiꢆꢁ iꢄ Pariꢁ aꢄꢃ haꢁ jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄ oꢅꢂr all Frꢂꢄch ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Iꢄ priꢄciplꢂ, aꢄy ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄ ꢃꢂliꢅꢂrꢂꢃ by a coꢀrꢆ froꢇ
3rꢃ ꢆiꢂr (Pariꢁ)
2ꢄꢃ tiꢂr
Caꢁꢁaꢆioꢄ noꢀꢇéa Coꢀrꢆ of Appꢂal
(nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia)
Coꢇꢇꢂrcial social Prꢂ-ꢆrial
Chaꢇbꢂr Chaꢇbꢂr iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆigaꢆioꢄ chaꢇbꢂr
Ciꢅil Chaꢇbꢂr
Coꢀrꢆ of Firꢁꢆ Iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ
1ꢁꢆ tiꢂr
Prꢂ-ꢆrial chaꢇbꢂr
(nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia)
Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Laboꢀr Policꢂ Criꢇiꢄal Coꢀrꢆ of Coꢀrꢆ Coꢀrꢆ Coꢀrꢆ Coꢀrꢆ Aꢁꢁizꢂꢁ
Ciꢅil Coꢀrꢆ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆigaꢆioꢄ Jꢀꢅꢂꢄilꢂ Coꢀrꢆ
Jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄ
Ciꢅil spꢂcializꢂꢃ Criꢇiꢄal neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
11 GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
1.5 ecoꢄoꢇy thꢂ ꢆoꢆal ꢅalꢀꢂ of iꢇporꢆꢁ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia waꢁ €2,046 ꢇillioꢄ iꢄ
2007 aꢄꢃ €1,539 ꢇillioꢄ of gooꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ ꢂxporꢆꢁ. a)ꢀꢍdp
Iꢄ 2007, ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢁꢆiꢇaꢆꢂꢃ Groꢁꢁ doꢇꢂꢁꢆic Proꢃꢀcꢆ (GDp) of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia waꢁ 768 billioꢄ XPF (€6.437 billioꢄ) aꢄꢃ 3,167,000
XPF (€26,539) pꢂr capiꢆa. thꢂ GdP pꢂr capiꢆa iꢁ highꢂr ꢆhaꢄ nꢂw Zꢂalaꢄꢃ’ꢁ ﬁgꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ far highꢂr ꢆhaꢄ ꢆhꢂ oꢆhꢂr ꢁꢇall iꢄꢁꢀlar
ꢂcoꢄoꢇiꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆh Paciﬁc. thꢂ wꢂighꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢄickꢂl iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry (orꢂ ꢂxꢆracꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgy) iꢁ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal ꢂcoꢄoꢇic oꢀꢆlook aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂꢇaꢄꢃ for ꢄickꢂl. Afꢆꢂr a poor yꢂar iꢄ 2000, ꢆhꢂ ꢄickꢂl
ꢇarkꢂꢆ ꢂxpꢂriꢂꢄcꢂꢃ aꢄoꢆhꢂr criꢁiꢁ iꢄ 2001, aꢄꢃ oꢄly coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ
5% ꢆo ꢅalꢀꢂ-aꢃꢃꢂꢃ aꢁ oppoꢁꢂꢃ ꢆo 9% iꢄ ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢅioꢀꢁ yꢂar. siꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂꢄ, ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal ꢄickꢂl ꢇarkꢂꢆ haꢁ iꢇproꢅꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ aꢁ a coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢄickꢂl ꢁꢂcꢆor coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ oꢅꢂr 10% of GdP iꢄ
2004. thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂcoꢄoꢇy haꢁ coꢄꢆiꢄꢀꢂꢃ ꢆo grow aꢆ a ꢁꢀꢁꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ raꢆꢂ of oꢅꢂr 4% pꢂr aꢄꢄꢀꢇ for aboꢀꢆ 20 yꢂarꢁ. Oꢅꢂr
ꢆhꢂ ꢁaꢇꢂ pꢂrioꢃ, ꢆhꢂ GdP pꢂr capiꢆa roꢁꢂ by aꢄ aꢄꢄꢀal aꢅꢂragꢂ of alꢇoꢁꢆ 2%. thiꢁ growꢆh ꢇꢂaꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ liꢅiꢄg
ꢁꢆaꢄꢃarꢃꢁ arꢂ ꢄow coꢇꢇꢂꢄꢁꢀraꢆꢂ wiꢆh ꢆhoꢁꢂ of ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ
Fraꢄcꢂ. thꢂ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢁꢂcꢆor (which iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ ꢂꢄꢂrgy bꢀꢆ ꢂxclꢀꢃꢂꢁ
ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgy) haꢁ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢂꢃ ꢁiꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ bꢂgiꢄꢄiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ 1980ꢁ. A ꢃiꢅꢂrꢁꢂ raꢄgꢂ of ꢁꢇall aꢄꢃ ꢇꢂꢃiꢀꢇ-ꢁizꢂꢃ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆriꢂꢁ, ꢄow ꢇakꢂ a rꢂlaꢆiꢅꢂly ꢁꢆablꢂ coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of aroꢀꢄꢃ 8% ꢆo ꢅalꢀꢂ aꢃꢃꢂꢃ, whilꢂ coꢄꢁꢆrꢀcꢆioꢄ haꢁ coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ oꢅꢂr 9%.
Followiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢃ 1980ꢁ, a ꢄꢂw ꢂcoꢄoꢇy ꢂꢇꢂrgꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ oꢄcꢂ ꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆ agricꢀlꢆꢀral ꢁꢂcꢆor (which coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ ꢀp ꢆo 10% of GdP iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂarly 1960ꢁ) haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ
ꢃiꢁplacꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ ꢁꢂcꢆor, ꢆhꢂ ꢄickꢂl iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry aꢄꢃ a proꢃꢀcꢆiꢅꢂ agricꢀlꢆꢀral ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ. thꢂ agricꢀlꢆꢀral ꢁꢂcꢆor, which alꢁo ꢂꢄcoꢇpaꢁꢁꢂꢁ liꢅꢂꢁꢆock proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ, forꢂꢁꢆry, ﬁꢁhꢂriꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ aqꢀacꢀlꢆꢀrꢂ, coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢁ approxiꢇaꢆꢂly 2% of ꢅalꢀꢂ aꢃꢃꢂꢃ. thꢂ ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ ꢁꢂcꢆor of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂcoꢄoꢇy haꢁ
ꢁꢆrꢂꢄgꢆhꢂꢄꢂꢃ ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆly ꢁiꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ 1960ꢁ (whꢂꢄ iꢆ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ
54% of GdP). thꢂ ꢁꢂcꢆor ꢄow coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢁ 70% of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ GdP, a lꢂꢅꢂl which iꢁ coꢇparablꢂ ꢆo ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ
Fraꢄcꢂ. b)ꢀinVestꢋentꢀenVironꢋent
Iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo bꢂꢁꢆ ꢃꢂꢁcribꢂ ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia, ꢆhiꢁ Gꢀiꢃꢂ focꢀꢁꢂꢁ oꢄ ꢆhrꢂꢂ rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ aꢁpꢂcꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢇarkꢂꢆ: nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ a ꢇajor playꢂr iꢄ ꢆhꢂ worlꢃ ꢄickꢂl ꢇarkꢂꢆ, cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆly rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆiꢄg 20 ꢆo 25% of ꢆhꢂ worlꢃwiꢃꢂ ꢄickꢂl rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ. Alꢆhoꢀgh ꢄickꢂl rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇajor ꢂxporꢆ rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂ
(90% of all gooꢃꢁ ꢂxporꢆꢂꢃ), ꢆhꢂ rꢂlaꢆiꢅꢂ wꢂighꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂcꢆor haꢁ gꢂꢄꢂrally ꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢃꢂcliꢄꢂ ꢁiꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ bꢂgiꢄꢄiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ 1970ꢁ.
Aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of ꢆhꢂ ‘ꢄickꢂl booꢇ’ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂarly 1970ꢁ, ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ approxiꢇaꢆꢂly 30% ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ GdP. Howꢂꢅꢂr,
ꢆhiꢁ pꢂrcꢂꢄꢆagꢂ ꢃꢂcliꢄꢂꢃ coꢄꢆiꢄꢀoꢀꢁly ꢀꢄꢆil 1998. siꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂꢄ, ꢄickꢂl pricꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ riꢁꢂꢄ ꢁꢆꢂaꢃily, lꢂaꢃiꢄg ꢆo aꢄ iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ rꢂlaꢆiꢅꢂ porꢆioꢄ of ꢄickꢂl’ꢁ coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ GdP. Accorꢃiꢄg
ꢆo 2004 ꢂꢁꢆiꢇaꢆꢂꢁ, ꢆhꢂ ꢄickꢂl iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry ꢄow coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢁ oꢅꢂr 10% of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ GdP.
ꢆhꢂ orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ proꢇoꢆꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ;
ꢆhꢂ job ꢇarkꢂꢆ; aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ baꢄkiꢄg ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ.
ꢎ.1)ꢀ thꢂꢀꢅꢁgꢃꢆꢄꢏꢃꢐꢄꢅꢆꢀꢐhꢃꢐꢀꢇꢁꢅmꢅꢐꢂꢏꢀꢒꢂvꢂꢈꢅꢇmꢂꢆꢐ
Aꢁ a prꢂliꢇiꢄary ꢄoꢆꢂ, ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ
ꢆhꢂ arꢂa ꢆhaꢆ iꢁ by far ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ iꢆ iꢁ a coꢄꢁꢆaꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ
ꢃifﬁcꢀlꢆ poliꢆical iꢁꢁꢀꢂ aꢁ ꢆo how ꢆhꢂ oꢆhꢂr ꢆwo Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ caꢄ rꢂach a ꢁiꢇilar lꢂꢅꢂl of ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ. Aꢁ a rꢂꢁꢀlꢆ, iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄiꢆiaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ arꢂ warꢇly wꢂlcoꢇꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢂꢄcoꢀragꢂꢃ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
12 GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA pꢂrioꢃic ꢃiꢁcꢀꢁꢁioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢁ pꢂr ꢄꢂꢂꢃ baꢁiꢁ. thꢂ global bꢀꢃgꢂꢆ allocaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia for edF Roꢀꢄꢃ IX (2000–2007) aꢇoꢀꢄꢆꢁ ꢆo €21.5 ꢇillioꢄ. thꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ agꢂꢄcy of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia (AdeCAL)
AdeCAL iꢁ aꢄ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ agꢂꢄcy foꢀꢄꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ pꢀblic aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ boaꢁꢆꢁ ꢁꢀpporꢆ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ corporaꢆꢂ worlꢃ
(Chaꢇbꢂr of Coꢇꢇꢂrcꢂ aꢄꢃ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry, Chaꢇbꢂr of Agricꢀlꢆꢀrꢂ,
Gꢀilꢃ, ﬁꢄaꢄcial iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ, corporaꢆꢂ orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ). Wiꢆhiꢄ iꢆꢁ
ꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢁ, iꢆ acꢆꢁ aꢁ aꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrfacꢂ, a coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ coorꢃiꢄaꢆioꢄ boꢃy ꢆo accoꢇpaꢄy ꢄꢂw acꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ projꢂcꢆꢁ ꢆhaꢆ woꢀlꢃ bꢂ of bꢂꢄꢂﬁꢆ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Iꢆ iꢁ ꢇaiꢄly fꢀꢄꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch
Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ thꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆꢁ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ wꢂalꢆh rꢂꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ, ꢇaiꢄly ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢀrbaꢄ aggloꢇꢂraꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ. dꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ arꢂ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ haꢁ ꢂꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo wiꢆh nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ ꢁiꢄcꢂ
1990 (aꢄꢃ iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀal ꢇꢀꢄicipaliꢆiꢂꢁ ꢁiꢄcꢂ 2000), for loꢄg-ꢆꢂrꢇ
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ accorꢃaꢄcꢂ wiꢆh objꢂcꢆiꢅꢂꢁ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ iꢄ aꢄ oꢅꢂrall iꢇproꢅꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ plaꢄ.
AdeCAL’ꢁ ꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ iꢁ ꢆo proꢇoꢆꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic poꢆꢂꢄꢆial aꢄꢃ proꢇoꢆꢂ iꢄwarꢃ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ. Iꢆ iꢁ alꢁo iꢄ chargꢂ of ꢂxꢆꢂrꢄal ꢆraꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ rꢂgioꢄal coopꢂraꢆioꢄ. Laꢁꢆ, iꢆ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ
ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ prograꢇꢇꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ exclꢀꢁiꢅꢂ ecoꢄoꢇic Zoꢄꢂ callꢂꢃ
Zoꢄéco. siꢇilarly, ꢀrbaꢄ aggloꢇꢂraꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ arꢂ forꢇꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ
ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢇꢀꢄicipaliꢆiꢂꢁ of Grꢂaꢆꢂr noꢀꢇéa, wiꢆh prioriꢆy giꢅꢂꢄ ꢆo ꢇꢂaꢁꢀrꢂꢁ for ꢀrbaꢄ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ (iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg habiꢆaꢆ, waꢆꢂr ꢁꢀpply aꢄꢃ waꢁꢆꢂ ꢆrꢂaꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ) aꢄꢃ ꢁocial
AdeCAL’ꢁ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal ꢆꢂaꢇ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆꢁ iꢄ pꢀꢆꢆiꢄg projꢂcꢆꢁ ꢆogꢂꢆhꢂr
ꢁꢀccꢂꢁꢁfꢀlly, iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar by proꢅiꢃiꢄg, aꢇoꢄg oꢆhꢂr ꢆhiꢄgꢁ:
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ (iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg iꢄꢁꢂrꢆioꢄ yoꢀꢆh prograꢇꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆraiꢄiꢄg).
Aꢃ-hoc coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ, rꢂfꢂrrꢂꢃ ꢆo aꢁ ‘sꢆaꢆꢂ-Collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ Coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ’, wꢂrꢂ alꢁo ꢂꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo for ꢆhꢂ 2000–2004 pꢂrioꢃ. thoꢁꢂ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ oꢀꢆliꢄꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄciꢄg aꢄꢃ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of policiꢂꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ
Collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ iꢄꢆꢂrꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ €226 ꢇillioꢄ for ꢆhꢂ 2000–2005 pꢂrioꢃ, wiꢆh €393
ꢇillioꢄ plaꢄꢄꢂꢃ for ꢆhꢂ oꢄgoiꢄg 2006–2010 coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ.
ecoꢄoꢇic backgroꢀꢄꢃ ꢃaꢆa;
Iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ oꢄ ꢂxporꢆablꢂ gooꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ;
Iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆorꢁ caꢄꢅaꢁꢁiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢂxꢆꢂrꢄal ꢇarkꢂꢆꢁ
ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ;
Coꢄꢆacꢆ wiꢆh appropriaꢆꢂ local goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ ofﬁcialꢁ aꢄꢃ bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ parꢆꢄꢂrꢁ;
Projꢂcꢆ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ, faciliꢆaꢆiꢄg aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ;
Coopꢂraꢆioꢄ acꢆiꢅiꢆy. thꢂꢁꢂ forꢇꢁ of ꢃirꢂcꢆ ﬁꢄaꢄcial iꢄꢆꢂrꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ arꢂ coꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ by oꢆhꢂr iꢄꢃirꢂcꢆ ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ for iꢆ collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakꢂꢄ wiꢆh ꢁꢀch ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo approxiꢇaꢆꢂly €50 ꢇillioꢄ iꢄ 2005.
All ꢆhꢂir ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢂꢄꢆirꢂly frꢂꢂ of chargꢂ.
Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢂcoꢄoꢇy iꢁ proꢇoꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ wayꢁ. thꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ uꢄioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ all
ꢁꢀpporꢆ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ by ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢇꢂaꢄꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂrꢂ arꢂ alꢁo oꢆhꢂr orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ proꢇoꢆꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ
Aꢁ a coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ maꢆigꢄoꢄ Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ which haꢄꢃꢂꢃ
ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy iꢄ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ of ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ froꢇ
1988, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ arꢂ a ꢇajor local iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆor iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. eꢀropꢂaꢄ Aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ each Proꢅiꢄcꢂ haꢁ ꢁꢂꢇi-sꢆaꢆꢂ owꢄꢂꢃ/ꢁꢂꢇi-priꢅaꢆꢂ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ
(Societé d’Economie Mixte) (‘semꢁ’), who proꢇoꢆꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂir rꢂꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. each of ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ haꢁ a sem oꢄ ꢆhꢂ Boarꢃ of dirꢂcꢆorꢁ oꢄ which iꢆ ꢁiꢆꢁ (ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ semꢁ arꢂ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ bꢂlow). thꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄꢆly ꢆakꢂꢁ parꢆ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄ ꢆo ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂ, piloꢆ or coꢇꢇiꢆ
ꢆo ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀriꢄg projꢂcꢆꢁ, whilꢂ ꢁiꢇꢀlꢆaꢄꢂoꢀꢁly rꢂaꢁꢁꢀriꢄg ꢆhꢂ coꢄﬁꢃꢂꢄcꢂ of priꢅaꢆꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆorꢁ. semꢁ aiꢇ ꢆo coꢄꢁoliꢃaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ lꢂꢅꢂl of ꢂqꢀiꢆy capiꢆal of a ꢆargꢂꢆꢂꢃ coꢇpaꢄy ꢁo ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂy caꢄ parꢆially
ꢁꢂlf-ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂir iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ, if ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary, bꢂꢄꢂﬁꢆ froꢇ
ꢁaꢆiꢁfacꢆory crꢂꢃiꢆ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ haꢃ ‘Oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ Coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ tꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ’ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ
(Pays et Territoires d’Outre Mer) (ptOm) wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ uꢄioꢄ ꢁiꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ Roꢇꢂ ꢆrꢂaꢆy of 1957. thꢂ ꢇajor ﬁꢄaꢄcial iꢄiꢆiaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ for eꢀropꢂaꢄ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ iꢁꢁꢀiꢄg liꢄꢂꢁ of crꢂꢃiꢆ ꢆo fꢀꢄꢃ rꢂꢁꢂarch oꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal aꢄꢃ hꢂalꢆh iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ, ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ Baꢄk (BeI) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢇꢂꢄꢆ of rꢂgioꢄal prograꢇꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ ‘Procﬁꢁh’ (opꢂꢄ ꢁꢂa ﬁꢁhiꢄg prograꢇ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢃ by CPs soꢀꢆh Paciﬁc sꢂcrꢂꢆariaꢆ) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ ꢁꢆꢀꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ
ꢂxchaꢄgꢂ prograꢇ callꢂꢃ eRAsmus. thꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ dꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ Fꢀꢄꢃ (edF) iꢁ alꢁo ꢅiꢆal iꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆꢂxꢆ of eꢀropꢂaꢄ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ, aꢁ iꢆ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ fꢀꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ baꢁiꢁ of neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
13 GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ: Proꢇo sꢀꢃ
ꢆo ꢃirꢂcꢆ crꢂꢃiꢆ policy. Iꢆ ꢆhꢂrꢂforꢂ aiꢇꢁ ꢆo faciliꢆaꢆꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ iꢄ prioriꢆy ꢁꢂcꢆorꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo ꢃꢂꢅꢂlop proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇꢁ aꢄꢃ crꢂaꢆꢂ jobꢁ. Iꢆ alꢁo ꢁꢂꢂkꢁ ꢆo ꢇaiꢄꢆaiꢄ ꢇoꢃꢂraꢆꢂ crꢂꢃiꢆ raꢆꢂꢁ by iꢁꢁꢀiꢄg a low rꢂ-payꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢃiꢁcoꢀꢄꢆ raꢆꢂ, which coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢁ ꢆo rꢂꢃꢀciꢄg ꢆhꢂ
ﬁꢄaꢄcial coꢁꢆꢁ of local coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ bꢂloꢄgiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ prioriꢆy ꢁꢂcꢆorꢁ of ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
Proꢇo sꢀꢃ ꢇaiꢄly opꢂraꢆꢂꢁ ꢆo ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂ projꢂcꢆꢁ for ꢆhꢂ ꢆoꢀriꢁꢇ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢁhiꢄg aꢄꢃ aqꢀacꢀlꢆꢀrꢂ, iꢄꢄoꢅaꢆiꢅꢂ
ꢆꢂchꢄologiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆriꢂꢁ.
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ: soﬁꢄor soﬁꢄor faꢅoꢀrꢁ ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄciꢄg of projꢂcꢆꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor,
ꢆhꢂ hoꢆꢂl iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry aꢄꢃ aqꢀacꢀlꢆꢀrꢂ.
Rꢂꢃiꢁcoꢀꢄꢆablꢂ loaꢄꢁ (ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢁhorꢆ ꢆꢂrꢇ – 12 ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ, or loꢄg ꢆꢂrꢇ –
ꢀp ꢆo ꢁꢂꢅꢂꢄ yꢂarꢁ) ꢇay bꢂ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ for ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ:
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ: soꢃil soꢃil ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂꢁ projꢂcꢆꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁporꢆ, hoꢆꢂl aꢄꢃ ﬁꢁhiꢄg aꢄꢃ aqꢀacꢀlꢆꢀrꢂ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆriꢂꢁ. sꢀoꢁꢃ ꢃeꢁꢊ loan:
Proꢅiꢃiꢄg oꢅꢂrꢃrafꢆ, aꢁꢁigꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of rꢂcꢂiꢅablꢂꢁ, briꢃgiꢄg loaꢄ, caꢇpaigꢄ loaꢄ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢆꢂriꢇ ﬁꢄaꢄciꢄg loaꢄ of procꢀrꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ.
Proꢅiꢄcial acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ arꢂ alꢁo ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakꢂꢄ ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂ corrꢂꢁpoꢄꢃiꢄg
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ/or iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢃꢂꢁ, which ꢃꢂﬁꢄꢂ ꢆhꢂ gꢂꢄꢂral
ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ aꢄꢃ applicaꢆioꢄ of forꢇaliꢆiꢂꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢂach aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ rꢂgiꢇꢂ.
Long-ꢃeꢁꢊ loan:
Fꢀꢄꢃiꢄg proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢁalꢂꢁ ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ (ꢇachiꢄꢂry, ꢆoolꢁ,
ꢆraꢄꢁporꢆaꢆioꢄ, aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ or coꢇꢇꢂrcial ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ, pꢀrchaꢁiꢄg of brꢂꢂꢃiꢄg ꢁꢆock), ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ aiꢇꢂꢃ aꢆ proꢆꢂcꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢂꢄꢂrgy-ꢁaꢅiꢄg, coꢄꢁꢆrꢀcꢆioꢄ of bꢀilꢃiꢄgꢁ for ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢀꢁꢂ. thꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ haꢁ ꢁꢀpplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ iꢆꢁ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ packagꢂ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr moꢃiﬁꢂꢃ dꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄ nꢀꢇbꢂr 06-97 of 16 may
1997. Accorꢃiꢄgly, iꢆ ꢄow proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ for ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of ꢇicro-ꢂꢄꢆꢂrpriꢁꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ a ꢅariꢂꢆy of oꢆhꢂr ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ ꢆo
ꢂꢄcoꢀragꢂ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ. sofoꢆoꢇ thꢂ Coꢇpaꢄy for ꢆhꢂ maꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of Gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ Fꢀꢄꢃꢁ for
Oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ tꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ (sociéꢆé ꢃꢂ Gꢂꢁꢆioꢄ ꢃꢂꢁ Foꢄꢃꢁ ꢃꢂ Garaꢄꢆiꢂ
ꢃꢂꢁ tꢂrriꢆoirꢂꢁ ꢃ’Oꢀꢆrꢂ-mꢂr) (sOfOtOm) rꢂgroꢀpꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ iꢄꢆꢂrbaꢄk gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ fꢀꢄꢃꢁ (‘FGI’ꢁ’) of Frꢂꢄch Polyꢄꢂꢁia, Walliꢁ aꢄꢃ
Fꢀꢆꢀꢄa, aꢄꢃ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, which wꢂrꢂ crꢂaꢆꢂꢃ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢄiꢆiaꢆiꢅꢂ of ꢆhꢂ IeOm. thꢂ FGI of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia waꢁ ꢁꢂꢆ ꢀp iꢄ April 1982.
Iꢆꢁ crꢂaꢆioꢄ ꢂꢇaꢄaꢆꢂꢃ froꢇ a ꢃꢂꢁirꢂ ꢆo faciliꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ graꢄꢆiꢄg of ﬁꢄaꢄcial aiꢃ by crꢂꢃiꢆ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ faꢅoꢀr of borrowꢂrꢁ who ꢃo ꢄoꢆ haꢅꢂ ꢁꢀfﬁciꢂꢄꢆ ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy.
Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁꢂꢁ caꢄ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂ ꢅarioꢀꢁ forꢇꢁ of ﬁꢄaꢄcial aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ,
ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢂligibiliꢆy coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢆo ꢂach of ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. For ꢂxaꢇplꢂ, €1.8 ꢇillioꢄ worꢆh of ꢁꢀbꢁiꢃiꢂꢁ wꢂrꢂ paiꢃ oꢀꢆ by ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ iꢄ 2005, €3.4 ꢇillioꢄ by ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ €0.9 ꢇillioꢄ by ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ.
Oꢆhꢂr orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆiꢄg aꢄꢃ proꢇoꢆiꢄg iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ
Orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ oꢆhꢂr ꢆhaꢄ ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ uꢄioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ, coꢄꢆribꢀꢆꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ ꢁocial ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory. siꢄcꢂ 1989, ꢆhꢂ ꢁcopꢂ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ FGI haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ
ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ ꢆo all braꢄchꢂꢁ of iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry, proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ’ꢁ
ꢂcoꢄoꢇic iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ proꢅꢂꢄ. Iꢆ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ hoꢆꢂl iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry aꢄꢃ ꢆoꢀriꢁꢆ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆꢂ of Parꢆicipaꢆioꢄ (Iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆ Caléꢃoꢄiꢂꢄ ꢃꢂ
Parꢆicipaꢆioꢄ – ICAP) tꢀe fꢁencꢀ Deꢇeloꢅꢊenꢃ Agencꢈ (Agence fꢁançaiꢂe de
Deꢇeloꢅꢊenꢃ – AfD)
ICAP waꢁ crꢂaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ 1989 by ꢆhꢂ Cꢂꢄꢆral Fꢀꢄꢃ for Coopꢂraꢆioꢄ
(Caiꢁꢁꢂ Cꢂꢄꢆralꢂ ꢃꢂ Coopéraꢆioꢄ ecoꢄoꢇiqꢀꢂ) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. thꢂ AFd, whoꢁꢂ ꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ iꢁ ꢆo ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ, iꢁ a ﬁꢄaꢄcial iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ ꢆhaꢆ iꢁ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ hꢂarꢆ of Fraꢄcꢂ’ꢁ dꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ Aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ policy. thꢂ fraꢇꢂwork for ꢆhꢂ AFd’ꢁ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ for 2007–2009, ꢁꢂꢆꢁ oꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢆhrꢂꢂ priꢄciplꢂ objꢂcꢆiꢅꢂꢁ:
Iꢆ iꢁ a ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ for boꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢇaiꢄlaꢄꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ. Iꢆꢁ pꢀrpoꢁꢂ iꢁ ꢆo proꢇoꢆꢂ projꢂcꢆꢁ for ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁꢆoraꢆioꢄ of aꢄ
ꢂcoꢄoꢇic balaꢄcꢂ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ noꢀꢇéa aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory.
ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂ, ꢁꢀpporꢆ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢅiꢁꢂ pꢀblic collꢂcꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ, ꢂꢁpꢂcially iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo hꢂalꢆh aꢄꢃ waꢆꢂr ꢆrꢂaꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ;
ICAP ꢇaiꢄly opꢂraꢆꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ ꢁꢂcꢆor or ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂ ꢁꢂcꢆor
(iꢄꢁofar aꢁ iꢆ iꢁ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ.)
ꢁꢀpporꢆ ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of coꢇpꢂꢆiꢆioꢄ, ꢂꢁpꢂcially iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢂlꢃ of ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ; aꢄꢃ
Cꢂꢄꢆral Baꢄk of Oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ tꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ (‘Iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆ ꢃ’eꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ ꢃ’Oꢀꢆrꢂ mꢂr’)(IeOm)
ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂ pꢀblic policiꢂꢁ, ꢂꢁpꢂcially ꢆhoꢁꢂ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg hoꢀꢁiꢄg aꢄꢃ
ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀral iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. thꢂ IeOm playꢁ aꢄ iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ rolꢂ iꢄ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ, aꢁ ꢆhꢂ cꢂꢄꢆral baꢄk of Oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ tꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ. Oꢄꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ IeOm iꢁ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
14 AFd iꢄꢆꢂrꢅꢂꢄꢂꢁ ꢆhroꢀgh a rꢂlaꢆiꢅꢂly wiꢃꢂ ꢅariꢂꢆy of ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg ꢃirꢂcꢆ lꢂꢄꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ pꢀblic aꢄꢃ priꢅaꢆꢂ ꢁꢂcꢆorꢁ,
ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢁharꢂholꢃiꢄgꢁ iꢄ cꢂrꢆaiꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ, fꢀꢄꢃiꢄg aꢄꢃ
ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of a propꢂrꢆy ꢁꢀbꢁiꢃiary aꢄꢃ proꢅiꢃiꢄg gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ fꢀꢄꢃꢁ.
sociéꢆé Géꢄéralꢂ Caléꢃoꢄiꢂꢄꢄꢂ ꢃꢂ Baꢄqꢀꢂ; aꢄꢃ
Caiꢁꢁꢂ d’épargꢄꢂ ꢂꢆ ꢃꢂ Préꢅoyaꢄcꢂ ꢃꢂ noꢀꢅꢂllꢂ-Caléꢃoꢄiꢂ;
AnZ (Rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ Ofﬁcꢂ) fiꢇe ﬁnancing coꢊꢅanieꢂ:
Aꢂꢂociaꢃion ꢆoꢁ ꢃꢀe rigꢀꢃ ꢃo Econoꢊic Iniꢃiaꢃiꢇe (ADIE)
Créꢃiꢆ Caléꢃoꢄiꢂꢄ ꢂꢆ tahiꢆiꢂꢄ;
Ocꢂor Lꢂaꢁꢂ noꢀꢇéa ꢂx Créꢃiꢆ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial ꢃꢂ noꢀꢇéa;
Créꢃiꢆ Agricolꢂ mꢀꢆꢀꢂl;
AdIe waꢁ crꢂaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ 1989. Iꢆ ꢆargꢂꢆꢁ fꢀꢄꢃiꢄg for ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆarꢆ-ꢀp aꢄꢃ
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢂcoꢄoꢇic acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ, ꢆhroꢀgh ꢇicro-lꢂꢄꢃiꢄg ꢆo pꢂoplꢂ who ꢃo ꢄoꢆ haꢅꢂ accꢂꢁꢁ ꢆo baꢄk fꢀꢄꢃiꢄg. thꢂꢁꢂ loaꢄꢁ
(ꢁoliꢃariꢆy, hoꢄorary aꢄꢃ progrꢂꢁꢁiꢅꢂ ꢁoliꢃariꢆy loaꢄꢁ) arꢂ awarꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ ꢆo aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ.
noꢀꢇéa Créꢃiꢆ; aꢄꢃ
Ge mOneY.
ꢎ.2)ꢀ thꢂꢀꢈꢃꢎꢅꢔꢁꢀmꢃꢁkꢂꢐ
Baꢄkiꢄg ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ arꢂ alꢁo proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Fiꢄaꢄcꢂ
Cꢂꢄꢆrꢂ (Centre Financier de Nouméa) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ poꢁꢆ ofﬁcꢂ (l’Ofﬁce des Postes et Telecommunications) (OPt) which, bꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢁ offꢂriꢄg chꢂckiꢄg accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ, alꢁo offꢂr iꢄꢁꢀraꢄcꢂ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ Caisse
Nationale de Prévoyance (CnP) aꢄꢃ ꢁaꢅiꢄg proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ of Caisse
Nationale d’ Epargne (Cne).
Aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢇꢂꢄꢆ thꢂrꢂ iꢁ ꢄo forꢇal aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ laboꢀr forcꢂ iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ criꢆꢂria for aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁꢂꢆ by ꢆhꢂ
Iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal Laboꢀr Orgaꢄizaꢆioꢄ (ILO). Howꢂꢅꢂr, accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ laꢁꢆ cꢂꢄꢁꢀꢁ (2004), ꢆhꢂ ꢆoꢆal workiꢄg popꢀlaꢆioꢄ olꢃꢂr ꢆhaꢄ 14 yꢂarꢁ olꢃ waꢁ 169,065 aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢀꢄꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ raꢆꢂ waꢁ 16.3%: 11.4% iꢄ ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ; 28.4% iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ; aꢄꢃ
38.9% iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Loyalꢆy Iꢁlaꢄꢃꢁ. thꢂrꢂ iꢁ ꢄo ꢁpꢂcialiꢁꢂꢃ ﬁꢄaꢄcial iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ or ꢇꢀꢆꢀal baꢄkiꢄg
ꢄꢂꢆwork ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ locally.
Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ local baꢄkiꢄg ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ, ꢁꢂꢅꢂꢄ crꢂꢃiꢆ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ locaꢆꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ ꢆhꢂ paciﬁc fraꢄc ꢇoꢄꢂꢆary zoꢄꢂ, parꢆicipaꢆꢂ locally. thꢂꢁꢂ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ arꢂ:
Oꢄ 31 dꢂcꢂꢇbꢂr 2006, ꢆhꢂ workiꢄg laboꢀr forcꢂ waꢁ ꢂꢁꢆiꢇaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ 89,576 pꢂrꢁoꢄꢁ, who fall wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg caꢆꢂgoriꢂꢁ:
73,737 ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ (iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg ciꢅil ꢁꢂrꢅaꢄꢆꢁ); 14,843 workꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ libꢂral profꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ (ꢆhꢂ laꢆꢆꢂr of which arꢂ ꢆhoꢁꢂ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ capablꢂ of bꢂiꢄg coꢄꢃꢀcꢆꢂꢃ iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀally); 646 apprꢂꢄꢆicꢂꢁ; 88 poliꢆical rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ; aꢄꢃ 80 ꢅolꢀꢄꢆary ciꢅiliaꢄꢁ.
ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch Agꢂꢄcy for dꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ (Agence Française de
Développement – AFd);
ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ Baꢄk (BeI);
dꢂxia; eꢇployiꢄg pꢂoplꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia
maꢄagiꢄg Coꢇpaꢄy of ꢆhꢂ Oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ Gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ Fꢀꢄꢃꢁ (La
Société de Gestion des Fonds de Garantie d’Outre-Mer – sOGeFOm);
Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ 3.1.1 of ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢆogꢂꢆhꢂr wiꢆh
Arꢆiclꢂ 22 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy oꢅꢂr all
ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ of Laboꢀr Law.
CAsden Popꢀlar Baꢄk (La CASDEN Banques Populaires
– which iꢁ a ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ sociꢂꢆꢂ Gꢂꢄꢂralꢂ of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia);
Parꢆ 5 of ꢆhiꢁ Gꢀiꢃꢂ ꢁꢂꢆꢁ oꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ fraꢇꢂwork ꢆhaꢆ appliꢂꢁ ꢆo
ꢂꢇployꢂrꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
ꢎ.3)ꢀ thꢂꢀꢎꢃꢆkꢄꢆgꢀꢏyꢏꢐꢂmꢀꢄꢆꢀnꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃ
Aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of 2006, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢃ 11 crꢂꢃiꢆ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ:
naꢆꢂxiꢁ-Baꢄqꢀꢂꢁ Popꢀlairꢂꢁ;
dꢂpoꢁiꢆ Fꢀꢄꢃ (La Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations – CdC). siꢋ ꢉanꢌꢂ:
Baꢄqꢀꢂ Caléꢃoꢄiꢂꢄꢄꢂ ꢃ’Iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆiꢁꢁꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ;
Baꢄqꢀꢂ ꢃꢂ noꢀꢅꢂllꢂ-Caléꢃoꢄiꢂ;
Baꢄqꢀꢂ naꢆioꢄalꢂ ꢃꢂ Pariꢁ Paribaꢁ – noꢀꢅꢂllꢂ-Caléꢃoꢄiꢂ; neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
15 GeneRAL InFORmAtIOn On neW CALedOnIA
1.6 traꢃꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂxporꢆꢁ rꢂachꢂꢃ rꢂcorꢃ lꢂꢅꢂlꢁ iꢄ 2005, ꢂxcꢂꢂꢃiꢄg a)ꢀiꢋports
€872 ꢇillioꢄ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ iꢇporꢆꢁ haꢅꢂ riꢁꢂꢄ coꢄꢁiꢁꢆꢂꢄꢆly oꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ paꢁꢆ
ꢆhirꢆy yꢂarꢁ. thꢂ aꢄꢄꢀal aꢅꢂragꢂ iꢄ 1970 waꢁ €198.8 ꢇillioꢄ which haꢁ ꢄow iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂꢃ ꢆo €1,430 ꢇillioꢄ iꢄ 2005. thiꢁ ꢁꢀꢁꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ growꢆh rꢂﬂꢂcꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢁꢆaꢄꢆ iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ hoꢀꢁꢂholꢃ coꢄꢁꢀꢇpꢆioꢄ, aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢁꢆroꢄg lꢂꢅꢂlꢁ of iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ by local bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂxporꢆꢁ rꢂꢇaiꢄ alꢇoꢁꢆ ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅꢂly baꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ
ꢄickꢂl. For ꢂxaꢇplꢂ, 91% of all ꢂxporꢆ ꢅalꢀꢂ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 2000 aꢄꢃ
2005 waꢁ ꢃꢂriꢅꢂꢃ froꢇ ꢄickꢂl orꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ fꢀꢁioꢄ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ, aꢅꢂragiꢄg a ꢆoꢆal ꢅalꢀꢂ of €615 ꢇillioꢄ pꢂr yꢂar.
Oꢆhꢂr ꢂxporꢆ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ arꢂ alꢁo ꢂxpꢂriꢂꢄciꢄg ꢁꢆroꢄg growꢆh iꢄ ꢁalꢂꢁ. sꢂa proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ arꢂ oꢄꢂ ꢁꢀch ꢂxaꢇplꢂ, which haꢅꢂ ꢆriplꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢂxporꢆ
ꢅalꢀꢂ oꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ paꢁꢆ 10 yꢂarꢁ. Prawꢄꢁ haꢅꢂ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ oꢀꢆꢁꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg pꢂrforꢇꢂr aꢇoꢄg ꢁꢂafooꢃ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ, wiꢆh ꢂxporꢆꢁ iꢄcrꢂaꢁiꢄg ﬁꢅꢂfolꢃ oꢅꢂr 10 yꢂarꢁ. Iꢄ 2005, ꢆhꢂy rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ €20 ꢇillioꢄ of ꢂxporꢆ ꢅalꢀꢂ. tꢀꢄa, ꢁꢂa cꢀcꢀꢇbꢂr aꢄꢃ ꢆroca ꢁhꢂll ꢂxporꢆꢁ haꢅꢂ alꢁo iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂꢃ.
For ꢆhꢂ 2000–2005 pꢂrioꢃ, foꢀr proꢃꢀcꢆ caꢆꢂgoriꢂꢁ accoꢀꢄꢆꢂꢃ for alꢇoꢁꢆ ꢆwo-ꢆhirꢃꢁ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ iꢄꢅoicꢂ for pꢀrchaꢁꢂꢁ:
‘machiꢄꢂꢁ, appliaꢄcꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂlꢂcꢆrical ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ (19% of iꢇporꢆ
ꢅalꢀꢂ), ‘traꢄꢁporꢆ ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ (18%), ‘Fooꢃꢁꢆꢀffꢁ’ aꢄꢃ ‘miꢄꢂral proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ’ (14% ꢂach). thꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂral proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ caꢆꢂgory waꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆ iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂ iꢄ qꢀaꢄꢆiꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ. thꢂꢁꢂ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ which arꢂ prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆly
ꢀꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgic acꢆiꢅiꢆy arꢂ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁiꢆꢀaꢆioꢄ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ
ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgic ꢁꢂcꢆor of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂcoꢄoꢇy aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂir coꢁꢆ iꢁ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ by ﬂꢀcꢆꢀaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal raw ꢇaꢆꢂrialꢁ pricꢂꢁ.
Iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆiꢄgly ꢂꢄoꢀgh, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢇajor ꢂxporꢆ ꢇarkꢂꢆꢁ arꢂ
Japaꢄ, ꢆhꢂ eu (ꢂxclꢀꢃiꢄg Fraꢄcꢂ) aꢄꢃ Fraꢄcꢂ iꢆꢁꢂlf. Proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ arꢂ alꢁo ꢁolꢃ ꢆo soꢀꢆh Korꢂa aꢄꢃ taiwaꢄ, which (aloꢄg wiꢆh Chiꢄa) wꢂrꢂ
ꢄoꢄꢂxiꢁꢆꢂꢄꢆ ꢇarkꢂꢆꢁ ꢆꢂꢄ yꢂarꢁ ꢂarliꢂr aꢄꢃ arꢂ ꢄow ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopiꢄg iꢄꢆo iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ, ꢁꢆraꢆꢂgic cꢀꢁꢆoꢇꢂrꢁ for nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
ꢊ)ꢀtradeꢀbalanꢊe thꢂ ꢆighꢆ liꢄkꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ Fraꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ high liꢅiꢄg ꢁꢆaꢄꢃarꢃꢁ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ arꢂ ꢂꢅiꢃꢂꢄcꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ facꢆ ꢆhaꢆ Fraꢄcꢂ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇajor ꢁꢀppliꢂr of iꢇporꢆꢁ (32% of iꢇporꢆꢁ iꢄ 2005). thꢂ ꢁꢂcoꢄꢃ largꢂꢁꢆ ꢁꢀppliꢂr iꢁ
ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ uꢄioꢄ (ꢂxclꢀꢃiꢄg Fraꢄcꢂ – 15%) which iꢁ ꢂqꢀal ꢆo siꢄgaporꢂ (15%). siꢄgaporꢂ’ꢁ growꢆh iꢄ rꢂcꢂꢄꢆ yꢂarꢁ haꢁ rꢂplacꢂꢃ
Aꢀꢁꢆralia’ꢁ ꢁꢀppliꢂr poꢁiꢆioꢄ (9%), whilꢂ nꢂw Zꢂalaꢄꢃ (6%), ꢆhꢂ uꢄiꢆꢂꢃ sꢆaꢆꢂꢁ (4%) aꢄꢃ Japaꢄ (3%) all haꢃ rꢂlaꢆiꢅꢂly globally
ꢁꢆablꢂ ꢇarkꢂꢆ ꢁharꢂꢁ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia alꢁo pꢀrchaꢁꢂꢁ gooꢃꢁ froꢇ
ꢄꢀꢇꢂroꢀꢁ oꢆhꢂr coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ, iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar ꢆhoꢁꢂ iꢄ Aꢁia, whoꢁꢂ ꢇarkꢂꢆ
ꢁharꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ riꢁꢂꢄ ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆly iꢄ ꢆhꢂ paꢁꢆ fꢂw yꢂarꢁ.
Aꢁ a rꢂꢁꢀlꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆroꢄg growꢆh iꢄ iꢇporꢆꢁ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ a ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆ balaꢄcꢂ of ꢆraꢃꢂ ꢃꢂﬁciꢆ, which ꢅariꢂꢁ accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢄickꢂl pricꢂꢁ.
Alꢆhoꢀgh nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢀꢄablꢂ ꢆo achiꢂꢅꢂ aꢄ oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ ꢆraꢃꢂ balaꢄcꢂ, ꢂxporꢆ growꢆh haꢁ ꢁoꢇꢂwhaꢆ coꢇpꢂꢄꢁaꢆꢂꢃ for riꢁiꢄg iꢇporꢆꢁ. 2004 aꢄꢃ 2005 wꢂrꢂ ꢂxcꢂpꢆioꢄal yꢂarꢁ iꢄ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ of ꢆhꢂ
ꢆraꢃꢂ balaꢄcꢂ aꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂxporꢆ/iꢇporꢆ coꢅꢂr raꢆꢂ waꢁ highꢂr ꢆhaꢄ
60% ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆ of prꢂꢅioꢀꢁ yꢂarꢁ (wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢂxcꢂpꢆioꢄ of 2000). thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂxporꢆ/iꢇporꢆ coꢅꢂr raꢆꢂ (ꢁiꢆꢀaꢆꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ
40 aꢄꢃ 110% ꢁiꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ bꢂgiꢄꢄiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ 1970ꢁ) rꢂꢇaiꢄꢁ far ꢁꢀpꢂrior
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ. b)ꢀexports nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢆraꢃꢂ balaꢄcꢂ rꢂꢇaiꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢃꢂﬁciꢆ wiꢆh iꢆꢁ ꢇajor
ꢆraꢃiꢄg parꢆꢄꢂrꢁ, ꢂxcꢂpꢆ for Japaꢄ, taiwaꢄ, soꢀꢆh Korꢂa aꢄꢃ spaiꢄ – who arꢂ all ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆ bꢀyꢂrꢁ of ꢄickꢂl orꢂ aꢄꢃ fꢂrro-ꢄickꢂlꢁ. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂxporꢆꢁ, bꢂiꢄg prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆly ꢇiꢄiꢄg aꢄꢃ
ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgy proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢄickꢂl orꢂ, fꢂrro-ꢄickꢂlꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂꢁ, arꢂ ꢃirꢂcꢆly ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ worlꢃ ꢄickꢂl ꢇarkꢂꢆ aꢄꢃ iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar
ꢆhꢂir pricꢂꢁ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ Loꢄꢃoꢄ mꢂꢆal exchaꢄgꢂ (Lme). neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
16

mInInG LeGAL
2.0FRAmeWORK neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
17 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK
2.1 diꢅiꢁioꢄ of powꢂrꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ lꢂꢅꢂlꢁ of goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia
Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ XIII of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia poꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢂꢁ iꢆꢁ owꢄ lꢂgal ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ arꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ aꢀꢆoꢄoꢇoꢀꢁ powꢂrꢁ coꢅꢂriꢄg ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg
ꢇiꢄiꢄg. thꢂꢁꢂ aꢀꢆoꢄoꢇoꢀꢁ powꢂrꢁ haꢅꢂ ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆly ꢂxpaꢄꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ rꢂcꢂꢄꢆ yꢂarꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhiꢁ Parꢆ 2 of ꢆhꢂ Gꢀiꢃꢂ ꢁꢂꢆꢁ oꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆ
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Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢆrol of ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of aꢆoꢇic ꢂꢄꢂrgy (Arꢆiclꢂ 19 of dꢂcrꢂꢂ no. 54-1110 of 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1954 rꢂforꢇiꢄg ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄꢂral ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ iꢄ oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ). noꢆwiꢆhꢁꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg ꢆhiꢁ, ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ ꢁꢆill yiꢂlꢃꢁ ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄꢆial iꢄﬂꢀꢂꢄcꢂ iꢄ pracꢆicꢂ bꢂcaꢀꢁꢂ ꢆhꢂ High Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr ꢁiꢆꢁ oꢄ all
ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ boꢃiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢁ ablꢂ ꢆo ꢂxꢂrciꢁꢂ laꢆꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆrol iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄꢁ ꢇaꢃꢂ coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢇiꢄiꢄg. Fꢀrꢆhꢂrꢇorꢂ, ꢆhꢂ
Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ’ꢁ ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂ ꢁchꢂꢇꢂꢁ ꢂꢄablꢂ Fraꢄcꢂ ꢆo iꢄﬂꢀꢂꢄcꢂ how ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor opꢂraꢆꢂꢁ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆaꢆꢂ lꢂꢅꢂl. a)ꢀꢀsituationꢀfroꢋꢀ13ꢀnoVeꢋberꢀ1954ꢀtoꢀ1ꢀ
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Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ ꢂxꢂrciꢁꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ
ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ:
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Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ haꢃ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy ꢆo rꢀlꢂ oꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆy rꢂgarꢃiꢄg nickꢂl, Cobalꢆ, Chroꢇiꢀꢇ, Hyꢃrocarboꢄ raꢃioacꢆiꢅꢂ ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ,
Poꢆaꢁꢁic salꢆ (aꢁ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr Arꢆiclꢂ 19, dꢂcrꢂꢂ no. 54-1110 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1954, aꢁ aꢇꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ of ꢂach of ꢆhꢂ
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Mines et de l’Energie). thꢂ miꢄꢂ aꢄꢃ eꢄꢂrgy sꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ haꢃ a ꢇixꢂꢃ ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆꢂ aꢁ iꢆ waꢁ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢂxꢂrciꢁꢂ boꢆh ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ waꢁ ꢃꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂꢃ sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy by ꢆhꢂ High Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢂr. miꢄiꢄg ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg
‘oꢆhꢂr raw ꢇaꢆꢂrialꢁ’ wꢂrꢂ rarꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂ aꢄꢃ eꢄꢂrgy sꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢃꢂalꢆ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂꢇ for ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. tꢀe Goꢇeꢁnꢊenꢃ: dImenC iꢁ ꢆhꢂ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ boꢃy rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor. thꢂ dImenC oꢅꢂrꢁꢂꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ proꢇoꢆꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia froꢇ a pꢂrꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ of ꢁꢀꢁꢆaiꢄablꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ. thꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ
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ꢆo bꢂ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor. dImenC iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇaiꢄ boꢃy for ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ haꢄꢃliꢄg of all ꢇiꢄiꢄg applicaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ waꢁ hꢂaꢅily iꢄꢅolꢅꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢃrafꢆiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ. b)ꢀsituationꢀsinꢊeꢀ1ꢀJanuarꢌꢀ2000
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Iꢄꢃꢂꢂꢃ, oꢄ march 18, 2009 ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ paꢁꢁꢂꢃ a ꢄꢂw ꢇiꢄiꢄg law which ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ a miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ. thiꢁ coꢃꢂ
ꢂꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo forcꢂ oꢄ April 30, 2009 aꢄꢃ coꢄꢆaiꢄꢁ ꢇoꢁꢆ parꢆ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ. thꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ oꢄly rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢃ ꢁolꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy oꢅꢂr ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ ꢀꢁꢂfꢀl for rꢂꢁꢂarch iꢄꢆo neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
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ꢅiꢁiꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢆo: (i) kꢂꢂp ꢆhꢂ pꢀblic rꢂgꢀlarly iꢄforꢇꢂꢃ of ꢆhꢂ progrꢂꢁꢁ of raꢃioacꢆiꢅꢂ ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ. ꢆhꢂ workꢁ; aꢄꢃ (ii) ꢆo chꢂck oꢄ ꢁiꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ rꢂal work accoꢇpliꢁhꢂꢃ by
ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂrꢁ. noꢆ wiꢁhiꢄg ꢆo crꢂaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂir owꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢃꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ ꢃꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂir aꢀꢆhoriꢆy ꢆo dImenC ꢆo bꢂ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for procꢂꢁꢁiꢄg ꢇiꢄiꢄg applicaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂxꢂrciꢁiꢄg a ꢁꢀpꢂrꢅiꢁory aꢄꢃ laboꢀr iꢄꢁpꢂcꢆioꢄ rolꢂ oꢅꢂr ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ. thꢂ ꢇaiꢄ coꢄcꢂrꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg mꢀꢄicipal Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢁ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ
ꢆraꢄꢁparꢂꢄcy of ꢇiꢄꢂ opꢂraꢆorꢁ’ work ꢆowarꢃꢁ ꢆhꢂ popꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂir coꢇꢇꢀꢄꢂꢁ. thꢂ miꢄiꢄg mꢀꢄicipal Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢁ haꢅꢂ
ꢄo aꢀꢆhoriꢆy iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢇiꢄiꢄg per se, raꢆhꢂr ꢆhꢂir rolꢂ iꢁ aꢁ aꢄ iꢄforꢇaꢆiꢅꢂ boꢃy ꢆhaꢆ liaiꢁꢂꢁ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ oꢄ miꢄꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂꢁ Boarꢃ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ ꢆhaꢆ affꢂcꢆ
ꢆhꢂir rꢂꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ coꢇꢇꢀꢄꢂ.
2.2 Applicablꢂ law rꢂgꢀlaꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ iꢄꢆo oꢄꢂ ꢀꢄiꢅꢂrꢁal aꢄꢃ cohꢂꢁiꢅꢂ coꢃꢂ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ coꢄꢆrol oꢅꢂr ꢁꢀch
ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ. a)ꢀꢉistorꢌꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀꢋininꢍꢀreꢍulation
Hiꢁꢆorically, ꢆhꢂ rꢀlꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ goꢅꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢂꢇaꢄaꢆꢂ froꢇ dꢂcrꢂꢂ 54-1110 of 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1954,
‘Reforming the Rules Governing Mineral Substances in the Overseas Territories’ aꢄꢃ pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo dꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄ no. 128 of 22
Aꢀgꢀꢁꢆ 1959 which ꢁꢂꢆꢁ oꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ lꢂgal rꢂgiꢇꢂ aꢁ iꢆ appliꢂꢁ ꢆo ꢇiꢄꢂral ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆly for forꢂigꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆorꢁ, ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ aiꢇꢁ aꢆ faciliꢆaꢆiꢄg a coꢄꢃꢀciꢅꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ for forꢂigꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢃꢀciꢅꢂ opꢂraꢆiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢆraꢃꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ for ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂꢃꢀcꢂꢃ rꢂꢁꢆricꢆioꢄꢁ oꢄ forꢂigꢄ ꢇiꢄꢂrꢁ. moꢁꢆ ꢄoꢆably, oꢄꢂ of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ faciliꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄꢅolꢅꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of ꢆhꢂ cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆ ꢄaꢆioꢄaliꢆy rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ for ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ boarꢃꢁ of forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ opꢂraꢆiꢄg iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢃꢂoꢄia. dꢂcrꢂꢂ 54-1110 of 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 2004 haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢁꢀbꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄꢆly aꢇꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ coꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢅarioꢀꢁ laꢆꢂr ꢆꢂxꢆꢁ aꢁ a rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁꢂ
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂꢂꢃ for ꢁꢆricꢆꢂr goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆrol oꢅꢂr ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢃꢀꢂ ꢆo iꢆꢁ ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢇpacꢆ for boꢆh ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia. dꢂcrꢂꢂ no. 69-4 of 3 Jaꢄꢀary 1969 aꢄꢃ Applicaꢆioꢄ dꢂcrꢂꢂ no. 69-598 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 10 Jꢀꢄꢂ 1969 ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢄickꢂl, chroꢇiꢀꢇ aꢄꢃ cobalꢆ aꢄꢃ dꢂcrꢂꢂ no. 73-109 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 22 Jꢀly 1973 ꢁꢂꢆꢁ oꢀꢆ coꢄꢆrolꢁ oꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ aꢀꢆhoriꢁꢂꢃ ꢆo coꢄꢃꢀcꢆ ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ alꢁo iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ aꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆory of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ
ꢇiꢄꢂral rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ, ꢂxꢆracꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢄ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw (rꢂgarꢃiꢄg logiꢁꢆicꢁ ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ, iꢄfraꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ, ꢂꢆc.) aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ a fraꢇꢂwork of priꢄciplꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂ ꢂxporꢆ of ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical
ꢆraꢄꢁforꢇꢂꢃ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ laꢆꢂriꢆꢂꢁ.
Oꢆhꢂr chaꢄgꢂꢁ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ ꢆhꢂ faciliꢆaꢆiꢄg
ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ for opꢂꢄ ꢃialogꢀꢂ aꢄꢃ coorꢃiꢄaꢆioꢄ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆorꢁ, aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ local coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhiꢄg aꢄ
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ fraꢇꢂwork, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg aꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal approꢅal procꢂꢁꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ obligaꢆioꢄꢁ.
Iꢆ iꢁ iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ ꢆo ꢄoꢆꢂ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ forꢇꢂr ꢆꢂxꢆꢁ ꢃiꢃ ꢄoꢆ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ aꢄy proꢅiꢁioꢄ for ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ poꢁꢆ-ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ. Cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆly, ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ arꢂ goꢅꢂrꢄꢂꢃ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial lꢂꢅꢂl. Lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄ for ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ iꢁ a ꢇajor coꢇpoꢄꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂw ꢇiꢄiꢄg lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ.
Rꢂgarꢃiꢄg ꢆhꢂ allocaꢆioꢄ of aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ, ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ coꢄꢆaiꢄꢁ
ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢇaiꢄ ꢂlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. b)ꢀtꢉeꢀꢋininꢍꢀꢊode oꢓﬁcꢄꢃꢈꢄꢏꢃꢐꢄꢅꢆꢀꢅꢓꢀdiꢋenꢊ’ꢏꢀꢁꢅꢈꢂ thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ paꢁꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ march 18, 2009 a ꢄꢂw miꢄiꢄg Law, which ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ a miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ. thꢂ coꢃꢂ ꢂꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo forcꢂ oꢄ April 30, 2009. thꢂ ꢄꢂw miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ aiꢇꢁ, aꢇoꢄg oꢆhꢂr ꢆhiꢄgꢁ, ꢆo hoꢇogꢂꢄiꢁꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢁiꢇplify ꢆhꢂ lawꢁ aꢄꢃ priꢄciplꢂꢁ thꢂ dImenC rꢂꢆaiꢄꢁ iꢆꢁ rolꢂ aꢁ ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ agꢂꢄcy for ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor aꢄꢃ bꢂ ꢃiꢅꢂꢁꢆꢂꢃ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂꢃ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ ꢆo bꢂ iꢄ coꢄꢆrol of all ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
20 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK
ꢋꢅꢒꢄﬁcꢃꢐꢄꢅꢆꢀꢅꢓꢀꢐhꢂꢀcꢅmꢇꢅꢏꢄꢐꢄꢅꢆꢀꢅꢓꢀꢐhꢂꢀꢋꢄꢆꢄꢆgꢀ
ꢋꢔꢆꢄcꢄꢇꢃꢈꢀꢊꢅmmꢄꢏꢏꢄꢅꢆꢏ thꢂ pracꢆicꢂ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg mꢀꢄicipal Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄꢁ haꢁ ꢁhowꢄ
ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂꢂꢃ for aꢄ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ ꢆhaꢆ iꢁ ꢁpꢂciﬁcally iꢄ chargꢂ of ꢆhꢂ rꢂlaꢆioꢄꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂ opꢂraꢆor, ꢆhꢂ local popꢀlaꢆioꢄ, aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ dImenC. to aꢃꢃrꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhiꢁ ꢄꢂꢂꢃ, ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ iꢄꢆroꢃꢀcꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ poꢁꢁibiliꢆy of ꢇoꢃifyiꢄg ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg mꢀꢄicipal Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆiꢄg iꢆ wiꢆh cꢂrꢆaiꢄ powꢂrꢁ ꢆo obꢆaiꢄ iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ froꢇ ꢇiꢄꢂ opꢂraꢆorꢁ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢄcꢂrꢄꢂꢃ ꢇiꢄiꢄg projꢂcꢆ (iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar rꢂgarꢃiꢄg
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ) aꢄꢃ aꢃꢅiꢁꢂ dImenC wiꢆh ꢆhꢂir ﬁꢄꢃiꢄgꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂcoꢇꢇꢂꢄꢃaꢆioꢄꢁ.
2.3 thꢂ lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork applicablꢂ ꢆo qꢀarriꢂꢁ thꢂ law iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢃrawꢁ a ꢃiꢁꢆiꢄcꢆioꢄ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ qꢀarriꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢇiꢄꢂꢁ. Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ 2 of ꢆhꢂ dꢂcrꢂꢂ ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr
1954, qꢀarriꢂꢁ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ pꢂaꢆlaꢄꢃ aꢄꢃ all ꢃꢂpoꢁiꢆꢁ of bꢀilꢃiꢄg or ꢁoil iꢇproꢅꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢇaꢆꢂrial for ꢆhꢂ cꢀlꢆiꢅaꢆioꢄ of ꢁoil aꢄꢃ oꢆhꢂr aꢄalogoꢀꢁ
ꢇaꢆꢂrial, wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢂxcꢂpꢆioꢄ of phoꢁphaꢆꢂ, ꢄiꢆraꢆꢂ, alkaliꢄꢂ ꢁalꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ oꢆhꢂr aꢁꢁociaꢆꢂꢃ ꢁalꢆꢁ. Coꢄꢅꢂrꢁꢂly, a ꢇiꢄꢂ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ ꢃꢂpoꢁiꢆꢁ of all oꢆhꢂr ꢇiꢄꢂral rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ. thiꢁ lꢂgal ꢃꢂﬁꢄiꢆioꢄ aꢆꢆꢂꢇpꢆꢁ ꢆo coꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ phyꢁical ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄcꢂ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ qꢀarriꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢇiꢄꢂꢁ. Bꢂcaꢀꢁꢂ ꢆhiꢁ gꢀiꢃꢂ iꢁ ꢃꢂꢅoꢆꢂꢃ priꢇarily ꢆo ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ, ꢆhꢂ lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork applicablꢂ ꢆo qꢀarriꢂꢁ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ ꢃiꢁcꢀꢁꢁꢂꢃ aꢆ lꢂꢄgꢆh.
2.4 Pꢂrꢁoꢄal miꢄiꢄg Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ
rꢂqꢀꢂꢁꢆ ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr of ꢂxiꢁꢆiꢄg ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ ꢆo aꢄ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆ or miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ; a)ꢀpersonalꢀꢋininꢍꢀautꢉorisationꢀ
(AꢀTORISATION PERSONNELLE MINIꢁRE) (apꢋ) thiꢁ ‘Id Carꢃ’ ꢆypꢂ of aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ ꢆhaꢆ caꢄ bꢂ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆorꢁ waꢁ iꢄꢆroꢃꢀcꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ 1950ꢁ wiꢆh a ꢅiꢂw ꢆo proꢆꢂcꢆiꢄg local rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ local ꢂꢄꢆꢂrpriꢁꢂ. toꢃay, APmꢁ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ ꢀꢁꢂꢃ for
ꢆhiꢁ pꢀrpoꢁꢂ, raꢆhꢂr, ꢆhꢂy arꢂ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ ꢆo aꢄy applicaꢄꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ ꢆhaꢆ
ꢆhꢂy ꢁaꢆiꢁfy all rꢂgꢀlaꢆory rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ.
lꢂaꢁꢂ ꢆhꢂir miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ (Aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ); aꢄꢃ ꢂxporꢆ orꢂ. tꢂꢁmꢀꢅꢓꢀVꢃꢈꢄꢒꢄꢐyꢀꢅꢓꢀꢃꢆꢀapꢋ
APmꢁ arꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ for a ꢆꢂrꢇ of ﬁꢅꢂ yꢂarꢁ, rꢂꢄꢂwablꢂ for oꢄꢂ or
ꢇorꢂ pꢂrioꢃꢁ of ﬁꢅꢂ yꢂarꢁ. thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ (Arꢆiclꢂꢁ Lp 121-1 ꢆo Lp 121-13) ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ chaꢄgꢂ ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆiꢄꢀꢂꢃ ꢀꢁꢂ of APmꢁ ꢄor ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr which ꢆhꢂy arꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ. aꢇꢇꢈꢄcꢃꢐꢄꢅꢆꢀpꢁꢅcꢂꢏꢏ dImenC iꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for procꢂꢁꢁiꢄg APm applicaꢆioꢄꢁ.
Iꢄ pracꢆicꢂ, oꢄcꢂ aꢄ APm applicaꢆioꢄ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢇaꢃꢂ, ꢁꢂꢅꢂral
ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ ꢃꢂlay caꢄ bꢂ ꢂxpꢂcꢆꢂꢃ (oꢄ aꢅꢂragꢂ ꢁix ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ) bꢂforꢂ ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ. pꢔꢁꢇꢅꢏꢂꢀꢅꢓꢀꢃꢆꢀapꢋ
Aꢄ APm ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ coꢄfꢂr aꢄy iꢄꢆriꢄꢁic righꢆ ꢆo proꢁpꢂcꢆ or ꢇiꢄꢂ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂralꢁ coꢅꢂrꢂꢃ by iꢆ. mꢂrꢂly, oꢄcꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ, aꢄ APm pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ iꢆꢁ holꢃꢂr ꢆo:
Aꢄ applicaꢄꢆ for aꢄ APm ꢇꢀꢁꢆ haꢅꢂ aꢃꢂqꢀaꢆꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄcial rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ ꢆo coꢄꢃꢀcꢆ ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂꢄꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ APm.
Accorꢃiꢄgly, ꢆhꢂ APm applicaꢆioꢄ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢁꢀfﬁciꢂꢄꢆly ꢃꢂꢇoꢄꢁꢆraꢆꢂ
ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆor haꢁ aꢃꢂqꢀaꢆꢂ rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂ propoꢁꢂꢃ ꢇiꢄꢂ. thꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ alꢁo ꢁhow ꢆhaꢆ iꢆ poꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂchꢄical capabiliꢆy ꢆo bꢀilꢃ aꢄꢃ opꢂraꢆꢂ a ꢇiꢄiꢄg projꢂcꢆ.
bꢂ iꢃꢂꢄꢆiﬁꢂꢃ aꢁ a ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆor;
qꢀalify for a righꢆ ꢆo proꢁpꢂcꢆ;
apply for ꢄꢂw ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ; neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
21 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK lꢄmꢄꢐꢏꢀꢅꢆꢀapꢋꢏ
Aꢄ APm iꢁ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢁ oꢄly b)ꢀexplorationꢀperꢋits thꢂrꢂ ꢀꢁꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ ꢆypꢂꢁ of exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂral ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ Applicaꢆioꢄ. thꢂꢁꢂ arꢂ:
ꢅaliꢃ for ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ whꢂrꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆꢂꢄꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ locaꢆꢂꢃ.
Aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄally, a pracꢆicꢂ haꢁ ariꢁꢂꢄ of liꢇiꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ gꢂographical arꢂa for ꢆhꢂ ꢅaliꢃiꢆy of aꢄ APm. Aꢁ a rꢂꢁꢀlꢆ, ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ oꢄly coꢅꢂrꢁ
ꢆhꢂ proꢁpꢂcꢆiꢄg zoꢄꢂ for a Claꢁꢁ A exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ, ꢇꢂaꢄiꢄg a 100 ꢁqꢀarꢂ hꢂcꢆarꢂ arꢂa. thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ ꢃiꢃ ꢄoꢆ ꢇoꢃify ꢆhiꢁ pracꢆicꢂ.
Orꢃiꢄary exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ (pꢂrꢇiꢁ orꢃiꢄairꢂ ꢃꢂ rꢂchꢂrchꢂ)
(PORꢁ) for ꢇaꢄgaꢄꢂꢁꢂ, iroꢄ, ꢂꢆc.;
Claꢁꢁ A exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ for chroꢇiꢀꢇ, ꢄickꢂl aꢄꢃ cobalꢆ; aꢄꢃ
Claꢁꢁ B exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ for golꢃ ꢂꢆc. rꢂꢓꢔꢏꢃꢈ no pꢂrꢇiꢆ haꢁ ꢂꢅꢂr bꢂꢂꢄ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia for ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂralꢁ coꢅꢂrꢂꢃ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ Orꢃiꢄary aꢄꢃ Claꢁꢁ B exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ.
Accorꢃiꢄgly, ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂw miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ (Arꢆiclꢂꢁ Lp 122-1 ꢆo Lp 122-10) oꢄly proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ for a ꢁiꢄglꢂ ꢆypꢂ of pꢂrꢇiꢆ ꢆo bꢂ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ, which will bꢂ iꢃꢂꢄꢆiﬁꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ acroꢄyꢇ PR (Permis de Recherche – exploraꢆioꢄ
Pꢂrꢇiꢆ).
Groꢀꢄꢃꢁ ꢃo ꢄoꢆ ꢄꢂꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ for rꢂfꢀꢁal of APmꢁ or caꢄcꢂllaꢆioꢄꢁ of aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂ rꢂaꢁoꢄꢁ for rꢂfꢀꢁal or caꢄcꢂllaꢆioꢄ caꢄ gꢂꢄꢂrally bꢂ aꢆꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆor’ꢁ failꢀrꢂ ꢆo
ꢇꢂꢂꢆ ﬁꢄaꢄcial or ꢆꢂchꢄical coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ.
Fꢀrꢆhꢂr, rꢂfꢀꢁal, rꢂꢁꢆricꢆioꢄ or caꢄcꢂllaꢆioꢄ of APmꢁ ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ giꢅꢂ riꢁꢂ ꢆo aꢄy righꢆ ꢆo ꢃaꢇagꢂꢁ or coꢇpꢂꢄꢁaꢆioꢄ. Caꢄcꢂllaꢆioꢄ, rꢂꢁꢆricꢆioꢄ or ꢂxpiry of aꢄ APm haꢁ ꢄo ꢂffꢂcꢆ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ exploraꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ alrꢂaꢃy graꢄꢆꢂꢃ. thꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇ of ꢅaliꢃiꢆy for Claꢁꢁ A exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ caꢄꢄoꢆ ꢂxcꢂꢂꢃ
ﬁꢅꢂ yꢂarꢁ, howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂrꢂ iꢁ ꢄo liꢇiꢆ oꢄ how ꢇaꢄy ꢆiꢇꢂꢁ iꢆ caꢄ bꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwꢂꢃ.
Oꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ APm haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ obꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ, ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr caꢄ apply for ꢇiꢄiꢄg
ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ aꢄ exploraꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆ, exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ or miꢄiꢄg
Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ.
Afꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ licꢂꢄcꢂ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ obꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ coꢄclꢀꢁiꢅꢂ
ꢆꢂꢁꢆꢁ carriꢂꢃ oꢀꢆ, ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ APm caꢄ apply for a ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ: aꢄ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ (permis d’exploitation or ‘Peꢁ’) or a miꢄiꢄg
Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ (mining tiꢃleꢂ).
Iꢆ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ ꢄoꢆꢂꢃ ꢆhaꢆ aꢄy ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆ iꢁ aꢀꢆoꢇaꢆically caꢄcꢂllꢂꢃ ꢀpoꢄ graꢄꢆiꢄg of a ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ.
2.5 miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ (Permis d’Exploitation) or miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ coꢄfꢂr ꢆo ꢆhꢂir holꢃꢂrꢁ ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅꢂ righꢆꢁ ꢆo proꢁpꢂcꢆ, ꢂxplorꢂ aꢄꢃ
ꢇiꢄꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂral ꢃꢂpoꢁiꢆꢁ coꢅꢂrꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ.
Accorꢃiꢄgly, ꢆhiꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ ꢃiꢁappꢂarꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂw miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ oꢄly miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ rꢂꢇaiꢄꢂꢃ aꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ. b)ꢀꢋininꢍꢀꢊonꢊessions
Boꢆh exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ fall ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ caꢆꢂgory of ‘ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ’ bꢂcaꢀꢁꢂ ꢆhꢂy arꢂ ꢆhꢂ oꢄly iꢄꢁꢆrꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ
ꢆhaꢆ coꢄfꢂr ꢆhꢂ righꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ owꢄꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂ ꢆo opꢂraꢆꢂ a ꢇiꢄꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Boꢆh of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ iꢄꢁꢆrꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ giꢅꢂ ꢆhꢂir holꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ righꢆ ꢆo ꢂxploiꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢁoil aꢄꢃ ꢁꢀbꢁoil, ꢇꢂaꢄiꢄg ꢆo carry oꢄ ‘opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ coꢄꢁiꢁꢆiꢄg iꢄ ꢂxꢆracꢆiꢄg ꢇiꢄꢂral ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ for coꢇꢇꢂrcial pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ’. miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ arꢂ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ for a ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ ꢆꢂrꢇ of 50 yꢂarꢁ, wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢁhorꢆꢂꢁꢆ ꢆꢂrꢇ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ bꢂiꢄg ꢁix yꢂarꢁ. Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ
ꢀꢄliꢇiꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆiꢇꢂ haꢅꢂ bꢂꢂꢄ aboliꢁhꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ. lꢂgꢃꢈꢀꢓꢁꢃmꢂꢑꢅꢁk
A miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ iꢁ a procꢂꢁꢁ allowiꢄg ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ ꢆo graꢄꢆ cꢂrꢆaiꢄ righꢆꢁ ꢆo a ꢄaꢆꢀral pꢂrꢁoꢄ or lꢂgal ꢂꢄꢆiꢆy, whꢂꢆhꢂr priꢅaꢆꢂ or ꢁꢆaꢆꢂ owꢄꢂꢃ (i.ꢂ. sꢆaꢆꢂ or Proꢅiꢄcꢂ owꢄꢂꢃ). Iꢆ iꢄꢅolꢅꢂꢁ a ꢁpꢂciﬁc procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ forꢇal rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. a)ꢀexploitationꢀperꢋits thꢂ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ by a law ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ
16 Jꢀꢄꢂ 1927, howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhiꢁ law waꢁ aboliꢁhꢂꢃ iꢄ rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo iꢆꢁ applicaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ Fraꢄcꢂ by ꢆhꢂ law no. 94-588 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ
15 Jꢀly 1994 aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ oꢄly ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆly applicablꢂ iꢄ
ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ Fraꢄcꢂ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ. dꢂꢁpiꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ facꢆ ꢆhaꢆ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ wꢂrꢂ ꢆꢂchꢄically aꢅailablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia,
ꢄo exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ wꢂrꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia afꢆꢂr 1999.
Froꢇ a lꢂgal poiꢄꢆ of ꢅiꢂw, a miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ iꢁ a coꢇplꢂx lꢂgal iꢄꢁꢆrꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢇpriꢁiꢄg ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆory aꢄꢃ coꢄꢆracꢆꢀal ꢂlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. Iꢄ
ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ of iꢆꢁ pracꢆical ꢂffꢂcꢆꢁ, iꢆ graꢄꢆꢁ iꢆꢁ holꢃꢂr a rꢂal propꢂrꢆy righꢆ, gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂiꢄg hiꢇ or hꢂr ꢆhꢂ highꢂꢁꢆ propꢂrꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy righꢆ
ꢀꢄꢃꢂr Frꢂꢄch ciꢅil law. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
22 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK thꢂ righꢆ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ holꢃꢂr (le
Concessionnaire) iꢁ a ꢇiꢄiꢄg righꢆ ꢁpꢂciﬁc aꢄꢃ ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ rꢂal propꢂrꢆy righꢆ affꢂcꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀrfacꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂꢄꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ. rꢂꢓꢔꢏꢃꢈꢀꢐꢅꢀgꢁꢃꢆꢐꢀꢃꢀꢊꢅꢆcꢂꢏꢏꢄꢅꢆ
Afꢆꢂr aꢄ applicaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢇaꢃꢂ, dImenC iꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢄo obligaꢆioꢄ ꢆo proꢅiꢃꢂ groꢀꢄꢃꢁ for rꢂfꢀꢁal ꢆo graꢄꢆ a miꢄiꢄg coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ. dImenC caꢄ alꢁo rꢂfꢀꢁꢂ ꢆo allow a ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr of a miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ oꢄ pꢀblic iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ groꢀꢄꢃꢁ. thꢂ coꢄcꢂpꢆ of ‘pꢀblic iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ’ iꢁ ꢄarrowly
ꢃꢂﬁꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ Frꢂꢄch caꢁꢂ law ꢆo liꢇiꢆ ꢆhꢂ riꢁk of rꢂfꢀꢁal oꢄ ꢆhiꢁ groꢀꢄꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ coꢀrꢆꢁ haꢅꢂ ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅꢂ jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄ ꢆo coꢄꢁꢆrꢀꢂ
ꢆhꢂ ꢇꢂaꢄiꢄg of miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ iꢄꢁꢆrꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. thꢂ ꢄꢂw miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ (Arꢆiclꢂꢁ Lp 131-1 ꢆo Lp 131-14) ꢃiꢃ ꢄoꢆ ꢇoꢃify
ꢆhiꢁ fraꢇꢂwork. thꢂ ꢇaiꢄ coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ coꢄcꢂrꢄꢁ ꢆhꢂ priꢄciplꢂ of a rꢂꢄꢆ calcꢀlaꢆꢂꢃ accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ acrꢂagꢂ.
2.6 Procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ for graꢄꢆiꢄg APmꢁ aꢄꢃ miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ thꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory ꢁꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ, paꢁꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ 28 April
2009, ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ ꢆhꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ for applicaꢆioꢄꢁ for APmꢁ aꢄꢃ for miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ. All applicaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch laꢄgꢀagꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ or iꢄ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ whꢂrꢂ ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ iꢁ a coꢇpaꢄy, by a ꢃirꢂcꢆor of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy. thꢂ ꢇaiꢄ aꢁpꢂcꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢃꢂꢆailꢂꢃ bꢂlow:
ꢂxaꢇplꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢂxhaꢀꢁꢆiꢅꢂ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory
ꢁꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ arꢂ ꢁꢂꢆ oꢀꢆ bꢂlow:
For aꢄ APm, ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂ iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ ꢁꢀch aꢁ:
•gꢂographical ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ of rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ ꢆꢂꢄꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ;
•
Cvꢁ of projꢂcꢆ ꢇaꢄagꢂrꢁ, ꢃꢂꢆailꢂꢃ rꢂcorꢃꢁ of ꢆhꢂ work
ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakꢂꢄ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy for ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ yꢂarꢁ prꢂcꢂꢃiꢄg
ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ aꢄy oꢆhꢂr ꢂlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ jꢀꢁꢆifyiꢄg ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ’ꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢂxpꢂriꢂꢄcꢂ, aꢄꢃ a)ꢀidentifiꢊationꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀappliꢊant
Aꢄy applicaꢆioꢄ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢁꢆaꢆꢂ:
•
ﬁꢄaꢄcial ꢁꢆaꢆꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ.
ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀrꢄaꢇꢂ, ﬁrꢁꢆ ꢄaꢇꢂꢁ, profꢂꢁꢁioꢄ, ꢄaꢆioꢄaliꢆy, orꢃiꢄary
ꢃoꢇicilꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ ꢃoꢇicilꢂ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ, or ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy
ꢄaꢇꢂ, ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal aꢄꢃ rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ ofﬁcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ coꢇpaꢄy; aꢄꢃ
For aꢄ exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆ, aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄal aꢁpꢂcꢆꢁ will bꢂ ꢆakꢂꢄ iꢄꢆo coꢄꢁiꢃꢂraꢆioꢄ ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆhꢂ qꢀaliꢆy of ꢆhꢂ fꢂaꢁibiliꢆy ꢁꢆꢀꢃy aꢄꢃ aꢁꢁꢀraꢄcꢂꢁ ꢇaꢃꢂ wiꢆh rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ. thꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ will bꢂ coꢄꢁiꢃꢂrꢂꢃ for 45 ꢃayꢁ, ꢃꢀriꢄg which pꢂrioꢃ coꢇpꢂꢆiꢄg applicaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ coꢇꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢇay bꢂ
ꢁꢀbꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢃ.
ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀrꢄaꢇꢂ, ﬁrꢁꢆ ꢄaꢇꢂꢁ, profꢂꢁꢁioꢄ, ꢄaꢆioꢄaliꢆy aꢄꢃ orꢃiꢄary
ꢃoꢇicilꢂ of aꢄy agꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ.
Applicaꢆioꢄꢁ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ arꢂ ꢇorꢂ coꢇprꢂhꢂꢄꢁiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ will rꢂqꢀirꢂ ﬁliꢄg of ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢆꢂchꢄical aꢄꢃ gꢂological ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg a rꢂporꢆ ꢂxplaiꢄiꢄg
ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ of aꢄy ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ or ꢇiꢄiꢄg work carriꢂꢃ oꢀꢆ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ ꢆꢂꢄꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢀp ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢃaꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ. ꢀ direꢊtorsꢀandꢀaddress
Lꢂgal ꢂꢄꢆiꢆiꢂꢁ which carry oꢄ, ꢃirꢂcꢆly or iꢄꢃirꢂcꢆly, ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ iꢄcorporaꢆꢂꢃ ꢂiꢆhꢂr
ꢀꢄꢃꢂr Frꢂꢄch law or ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ lawꢁ of aꢄoꢆhꢂr mꢂꢇbꢂr sꢆaꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ eꢀropꢂaꢄ uꢄioꢄ, ꢀꢄlꢂꢁꢁ aꢄ ꢂxꢂꢇpꢆioꢄ iꢁ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ
Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbliꢂꢁ. b)ꢀnationalitꢌꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀꢊoꢋpanꢌ,ꢀꢀꢀ ꢀd)ꢀfurtꢉerꢀdeꢊlarationsꢀ
All coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ holꢃiꢄg a miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢃꢂclarꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly aꢄy aꢇꢂꢄꢃꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ, aꢄy chaꢄgꢂ iꢄ ꢁharꢂholꢃiꢄg, aꢄꢃ aꢄy chaꢄgꢂ iꢄ
ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁhip. eꢅꢂry yꢂar, all coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ holꢃiꢄg a miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ
ﬁlꢂ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly a copy of iꢆꢁ
ﬁꢄaꢄcial ꢁꢆaꢆꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ a copy of ꢂꢅꢂry acꢆiꢅiꢆy rꢂporꢆ
ꢁꢀbꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ’ ꢇꢂꢂꢆiꢄgꢁ. All coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ holꢃiꢄg a miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ kꢂꢂp ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly iꢄforꢇꢂꢃ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg:
Aꢄ APm or a miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂ ꢇay oꢄly bꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo a pꢂrꢁoꢄ rꢂꢁiꢃiꢄg iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia or ꢆo a coꢇpaꢄy which haꢁ a rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ ofﬁcꢂ or braꢄch iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ ꢄaꢆioꢄaliꢆy rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ ofﬁcꢂ holꢃꢂrꢁ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ aboliꢁhꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ.
ꢊ)ꢀꢀappliꢊationꢀproꢊedureꢀforꢀanꢀapꢋꢀorꢀ
ꢋininꢍꢀtitle thꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢁ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆypꢂ of applicaꢆioꢄ. Gꢂꢄꢂrally,
ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢁiꢅꢂ ꢆꢂchꢄical aꢄꢃ ﬁꢄaꢄcial ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ will bꢂ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ for aꢄy applicaꢆioꢄ. thꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory ꢁꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ
ꢆhꢂ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ for ꢂach ꢆypꢂ of applicaꢆioꢄ. soꢇꢂ
aꢄy pꢂrꢁoꢄ or coꢇpaꢄy who, ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢃirꢂcꢆly or iꢄꢃirꢂcꢆly, holꢃꢁ a parꢆial or fꢀll righꢆ ꢆo proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ;
for aꢄy pꢂrꢁoꢄ or coꢇpaꢄy who, ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢃirꢂcꢆly or iꢄꢃirꢂcꢆly. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
23 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK coꢄꢆrolꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢇpaꢄy: ꢆhꢂ iꢃꢂꢄꢆiꢆy of iꢆꢁ ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ, iꢄ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ of a coꢇpaꢄy, ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃiꢄg aꢇoꢄgꢁꢆ ꢆhꢂ priꢄcipal ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy;
Iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar, coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ ꢇay haꢅꢂ ꢆo ꢃꢂclarꢂ ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ of aꢄy acqꢀiꢁiꢆioꢄ of ꢁharꢂꢁ rꢂꢁꢀlꢆiꢄg iꢄ oꢄꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂr holꢃiꢄg ꢇorꢂ
ꢆhaꢄ 1% of ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal, or if a pꢂrꢁoꢄ who iꢁ ꢄꢂiꢆhꢂr Frꢂꢄch
ꢄor aꢄ eu ciꢆizꢂꢄ iꢁ appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ aꢁ a ꢇꢂꢇbꢂr of ꢆhꢂ Boarꢃ of dirꢂcꢆorꢁ, maꢄagiꢄg dirꢂcꢆor, aꢀꢃiꢆor or rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy.
aꢄy iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ which ꢇay affꢂcꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂchꢄical or ﬁꢄaꢄcial
ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ which forꢇꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂ baꢁiꢁ of ꢆhꢂ graꢄꢆiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy.
2.7 Lꢂaꢁꢂ of miꢄiꢄg tiꢆlꢂꢁ (‘Aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ Coꢄꢆracꢆ’) rꢂlayꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ who haꢁ aꢄ 8-ꢃay pꢂrioꢃ ꢆo prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆ, if a)ꢀꢀdefinitionꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀaꢋodiationꢀ
ꢊontraꢊt
Aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ procꢂꢁꢁ by which ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr of a ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ lꢂaꢁꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂir ꢆiꢆlꢂ ꢆo a ꢆhirꢃ parꢆy. Iꢆ ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅꢂly coꢄcꢂrꢄꢁ exploiꢆaꢆioꢄ
Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ miꢄiꢄg Coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄꢁ, ꢄoꢆ exploraꢆioꢄ Pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ.
ꢄꢂꢂꢃ bꢂ, aꢄy coꢇꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ oꢄ poiꢄꢆꢁ of rꢂqꢀꢂꢁꢆ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂꢁ Boarꢃ aꢄꢃ/or miꢄꢂꢁ Aꢃꢅiꢁory Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ. thꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwal procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ (ꢁꢂꢂ bꢂlow) iꢁ qꢀiꢆꢂ loꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢆypically ꢆakꢂꢁ ꢀp ꢆo 10 ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ froꢇ
ꢆhꢂ ꢃaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ﬁlꢂꢃ ꢀꢄꢆil aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ or rꢂjꢂcꢆꢂꢃ. Afꢆꢂr aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ obꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ, ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary ꢀꢄꢃꢂr
ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ iꢄforꢇ ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ꢁ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ of aꢄy chaꢄgꢂꢁ coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ coꢄꢁiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ, ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal aꢄꢃ aꢄy chaꢄgꢂꢁ ꢆo iꢆꢁ
ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁhip or ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
Aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ ꢂꢄcoꢇpaꢁꢁꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ wholꢂ ꢁꢀrfacꢂ arꢂa aꢄꢃ all ꢆhꢂ
ꢁꢀbꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ coꢄcꢂrꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂ. thiꢁ ꢀꢄiqꢀꢂ characꢆꢂriꢁꢆic of aꢄ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ coꢇparꢂꢃ ꢆo oꢆhꢂr lꢂaꢁiꢄg arraꢄgꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ iꢁ
ꢆhꢂ ꢅalꢀꢂ of ꢆhꢂ lꢂaꢁꢂꢃ aꢁꢁꢂꢆ ꢃiꢇiꢄiꢁhꢂꢃ oꢅꢂr iꢆꢁ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ ꢃꢀꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ
ꢂxꢆracꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄꢂralꢁ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂ. b)ꢀꢀneedꢀforꢀadꢋinistratiVeꢀ
Rꢂfꢀꢁal of aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ caꢄ bꢂ coꢄꢆꢂꢁꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂ bꢂforꢂ ꢆhꢂ Aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ Coꢀrꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia wiꢆhiꢄ a 3-ꢇoꢄꢆh pꢂrioꢃ. autꢉorisation
Aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo a prior aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ oꢄly pꢂrꢁoꢄ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢃ ꢆo aꢇoꢃiaꢆꢂ iꢆ. sꢀb-aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄꢁ arꢂ prohibiꢆꢂꢃ. Approꢅal for aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ coꢄcꢂrꢄꢂꢃ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄcial ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂ holꢃꢂr aꢄꢃ lꢂꢁꢁꢂꢂ aꢁ ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ arꢂ ꢆo bꢂ
ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ parꢆiꢂꢁ accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂir coꢄꢆracꢆꢀal ꢄꢂgoꢆiaꢆioꢄ.
Likꢂwiꢁꢂ, approꢅal of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ coꢄcꢂrꢄꢂꢃ wiꢆh
ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄꢂ(ꢁ) ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ.
ꢊ)ꢀdurationꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀaꢋodiationꢀꢊontraꢊt
Aꢄ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢅaliꢃ for ꢆhrꢂꢂ yꢂarꢁ, howꢂꢅꢂr, aꢄ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ iꢆꢁꢂlf iꢁ ꢆypically coꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢃ for a ꢃꢀraꢆioꢄ of aboꢀꢆ 10 yꢂarꢁ. Aꢄ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ caꢄ bꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwꢂꢃ ꢂꢅꢂry ꢆhrꢂꢂ yꢂarꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ
ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of ꢆiꢇꢂꢁ a rꢂꢄꢂwal caꢄ bꢂ ꢇaꢃꢂ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ. d)ꢀꢀproꢊedureꢀandꢀꢊonsequenꢊesꢀofꢀ tꢉeꢀrenewal
Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ Pꢀblic Aꢀꢆhoriꢆy
(which iꢁ ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ’ꢁ Rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ, Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂ Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly or ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly’ꢁ
Bꢀrꢂaꢀ) aꢄꢃ, if approꢅꢂꢃ, ꢄoꢆiﬁcaꢆioꢄ iꢁ pꢀbliꢁhꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Journal
Ofﬁciel de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (Lꢂgal Gazꢂꢆꢆꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia).
Rꢂꢄꢂwal of aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ appliꢂꢃ for aꢄꢃ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ accorꢃiꢄg
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢁaꢇꢂ forꢇꢁ aꢁ ꢆhꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ. If ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ for rꢂꢄꢂwal iꢁ ﬁlꢂꢃ bꢂforꢂ ꢂxpiry of ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢅioꢀꢁ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ
ꢃꢀraꢆioꢄ of aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ ꢀꢄꢆil a ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄ iꢁ ꢇaꢃꢂ by
ꢆhꢂ Coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ Aꢀꢆhoriꢆy. Rꢂꢄꢂwal of aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ haꢁ ꢄo ꢂffꢂcꢆ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢄꢆ paiꢃ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ aꢁ ꢆhiꢁ iꢁ ꢆo bꢂ
ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇꢇꢂrcial agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ rꢂachꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ parꢆiꢂꢁ
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ. moꢁꢆ coꢇꢇoꢄly, aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ will ꢁꢆipꢀlaꢆꢂ ꢆhaꢆ rꢂꢄꢆ rꢂꢅiꢂw aꢄꢃ oꢆhꢂr coꢇꢇꢂrcial ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ arꢂ ꢆo bꢂ rꢂꢄꢂgoꢆiaꢆꢂꢃ ꢂꢅꢂry ꢆiꢇꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwal iꢁ appliꢂꢃ for. thꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ a joiꢄꢆ applicaꢆioꢄ by ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ
ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢆaiꢄ ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢁꢀpporꢆiꢄg ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ:
aꢄ ꢀp-ꢆo-ꢃaꢆꢂ copy of iꢆꢁ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ laꢁꢆ balaꢄcꢂ ꢁhꢂꢂꢆ;
a liꢁꢆ of ꢇaꢄagꢂrꢁ, ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢁꢁociaꢆꢂꢁ iꢄ ofﬁcꢂ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢃaꢆꢂ of applicaꢆioꢄ, ꢁpꢂcifyiꢄg ꢆhꢂir ꢄaꢇꢂ, ꢄaꢆioꢄaliꢆy, occꢀpaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢃoꢇicilꢂ; aꢄꢃ e)ꢀꢀriꢍꢉtsꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀoriꢍinalꢀꢋininꢍꢀtitleꢀ
ꢉolderꢀinꢀtꢉeꢀeVentꢀofꢀaꢋodiation thꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆꢂꢃ ꢂxploiꢆaꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆ or ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆꢂꢃ coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ fꢀlﬁl ꢆhꢂir coꢄꢆracꢆꢀal obligaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ, ꢁpꢂciﬁcally,
ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢄoꢆ ꢃiꢁꢆꢀrb ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary’ꢁ ꢂꢄjoyꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆꢂꢃ
ꢁꢀrfacꢂ arꢂa. Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ of a brꢂach of ꢆhiꢁ ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅiꢆy, ꢆhꢂ
a propꢂrly ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢅaliꢃ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ.
Aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄqꢀiry hꢂlꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ Pꢀblic Aꢀꢆhoriꢆy,
ꢆhꢂ Coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ Pꢀblic Aꢀꢆhoriꢆy will rꢂqꢀꢂꢁꢆ aꢄ opiꢄioꢄ froꢇ miꢄꢂꢁ
Boarꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ miꢄꢂꢁ Aꢃꢅiꢁory Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ. thꢂꢁꢂ opiꢄioꢄꢁ arꢂ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
24 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ iꢁ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢃ ꢆo liꢆigaꢆꢂ (ꢂꢅꢂꢄ by
ꢁꢀꢇꢇary procꢂꢂꢃiꢄg) iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo pꢀꢆ aꢄ ꢂꢄꢃ ꢆo ꢆhiꢁ ꢃiꢁꢆꢀrbaꢄcꢂ. (plꢂꢃgꢂ or ꢇorꢆgagꢂ).
Payꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢄꢆ caꢄ bꢂ gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂꢃ followiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢀꢁꢀal ꢇꢂaꢄꢁ
thꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ caꢄ, ꢀpoꢄ prior aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ,
ꢁꢂll ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ ꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ ꢆo a ꢆhirꢃ parꢆy proꢅiꢃiꢄg iꢆ ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ iꢄꢆꢂrfꢂrꢂ wiꢆh
ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ of ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciariꢂꢁ righꢆꢁ
ꢆhꢂrꢂꢀꢄꢃꢂr. Iꢄ ꢆhiꢁ caꢁꢂ, iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo aꢁꢁꢀrꢂ ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary’ꢁ lꢂgal
ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy, iꢆ iꢁ aꢃꢅiꢁablꢂ ꢆo proꢅiꢃꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ ꢆhaꢆ aꢄy ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂr woꢀlꢃ ꢄoꢆ qꢀꢂꢁꢆioꢄ ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary’ꢁ righꢆꢁ. uꢁꢀally, ꢆhꢂ holꢃꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ(ꢁ) proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ ꢆhaꢆ aꢄy rꢂꢄꢂwal of aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂir prior coꢄꢁꢂꢄꢆ. Iꢄ ꢆhaꢆ caꢁꢂ, ꢆhꢂy will bꢂ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢃ ꢆo objꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ by ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁciary for a rꢂꢄꢂwal or aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ. Accorꢃiꢄgly, iꢆ iꢁ aꢃꢅiꢁablꢂ ꢆo clꢂarly ꢁpꢂcify iꢄ
ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢃiaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆracꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢀraꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆracꢆ’ꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwal’ꢁ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ.
2.8 exporꢆ coꢄꢆrol aꢄꢃ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ thꢂ miꢄiꢄg Boarꢃ will giꢅꢂ a ꢁꢂcoꢄꢃ rꢂcoꢇꢇꢂꢄꢃaꢆioꢄ (which a)ꢀtꢉeꢀꢋininꢍꢀꢊode
ꢆypically ꢁꢀpporꢆꢁ ꢆhꢂ rꢂcoꢇꢇꢂꢄꢃaꢆioꢄ ꢇaꢃꢂ by ꢆhꢂ Aꢃꢅiꢁory miꢄiꢄg Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ).
Prior ꢆo ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ, ꢂꢅꢂry ꢆraꢄꢁacꢆioꢄ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢄickꢂl orꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ aꢄ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢁꢁ, rꢂgarꢃlꢂꢁꢁ of whꢂꢆhꢂr ꢆhꢂ orꢂ waꢁ for ꢂxporꢆ or for ꢁalꢂ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢃoꢇꢂꢁꢆic parꢆiꢂꢁ. Oꢄꢂ of ꢆhꢂ pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂw ꢇiꢄiꢄg lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢆo
ꢁiꢇplify ꢆraꢄꢁacꢆioꢄꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo allow local
ꢇiꢄꢂrꢁ ꢂfﬁciꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ faꢁꢆ orꢂ groꢀpiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢂxchaꢄgꢂ. Coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄꢆly,
ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ oꢄly rꢂqꢀirꢂꢁ aꢄ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢂxporꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢄoꢆ for ꢃoꢇꢂꢁꢆic ꢆraꢄꢁacꢆioꢄꢁ. takiꢄg iꢄꢆo coꢄꢁiꢃꢂraꢆioꢄ ꢆhꢂ rꢂcoꢇꢇꢂꢄꢃaꢆioꢄꢁ prꢂꢅioꢀꢁly giꢅꢂꢄ,
ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ will approꢅꢂ or rꢂjꢂcꢆ ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ. uꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆ lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ ꢆoꢆal ꢆiꢇꢂfraꢇꢂ ꢆo obꢆaiꢄ a Pꢂrꢁoꢄal miꢄiꢄg Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ approxiꢇaꢆꢂly ꢄiꢄꢂ ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ. b)ꢀliꢋitationꢀofꢀoreꢀexport thꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ iꢁ aꢁ followꢁ:
Likꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ oꢆhꢂr ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢂꢄcoꢀragꢂꢁ local
ꢆraꢄꢁforꢇaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄꢂral rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo localiꢁꢂ ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢃꢂꢃ
ꢅalꢀꢂ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory. thiꢁ aꢁpꢂcꢆ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ ꢃirꢂcꢆly ꢆrꢂaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ nꢂw miꢄiꢄg Law, bꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ will probably lꢂgiꢁlaꢆꢂ oꢄ orꢂ
ꢂxporꢆ liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ fꢀꢆꢀrꢂ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo faꢅoꢀr local ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢂꢄcoꢀragꢂ ꢂxporꢆ of blꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ orꢂ.
thꢂ ꢇaiꢄ rꢂqꢀꢂꢁꢆꢂꢃ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ a ꢃrafꢆ ꢂxporꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆ iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg a coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄ prꢂcꢂꢃꢂꢄꢆ of obꢆaiꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ.
Loꢃgꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ applicaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ dImenC.
Rꢂꢅiꢂw by ꢆhꢂ dImenC aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂꢄ by ꢆhꢂ Aꢃꢅiꢁory miꢄiꢄg
Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ. thiꢁ coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ will giꢅꢂ a rꢂcoꢇꢇꢂꢄꢃaꢆioꢄ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ.
2.9 Proꢅiꢄcial ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂ thꢂ ‘proꢅiꢄcial ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂ’ iꢁ a ꢄꢂw fꢂaꢆꢀrꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ aiꢇꢂꢃ aꢆ prꢂꢁꢂrꢅiꢄg rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ.
Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly caꢄ, aꢆ aꢄy ꢆiꢇꢂ, ꢀꢄ-liꢁꢆ aꢄ arꢂa
ꢆhaꢆ iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo aꢄ applicaꢆioꢄ for aꢄ ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ pꢂrꢇiꢆ for ꢃirꢂcꢆ opꢂraꢆioꢄ projꢂcꢆꢁ, or for a projꢂcꢆ of orꢂ ꢁꢀpply ꢆo ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical plaꢄꢆꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Aꢄy arꢂa ꢄoꢆ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo a ꢇiꢄiꢄg pꢂrꢇiꢆ or ꢆo a coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ caꢄ bꢂ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ aꢁ a proꢅiꢄcial ꢆꢂchꢄical arꢂa by ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly for a ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ pꢂrioꢃ of 15 yꢂarꢁ, rꢂꢄꢂwablꢂ oꢄcꢂ for a pꢂrioꢃ of 10 yꢂarꢁ (Arꢆiclꢂꢁ Lp 123-1 aꢄꢃ Lp 123-2).
Oꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ biꢃꢃꢂr iꢁ ꢁꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ approꢅꢂꢃ, hꢂ caꢄ ꢂꢄꢆꢂr iꢄꢆo aꢄ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ for coꢇplꢂꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ. sꢀch aꢄ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ will ꢁꢂꢆ oꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr which ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ iꢁ ꢆo bꢂ carriꢂꢃ oꢀꢆ. thiꢁ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁhall proꢅiꢃꢂ for, aꢇoꢄg oꢆhꢂr ꢆhiꢄgꢁ:
Aꢁ a coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ, ꢄo ꢁꢂarch pꢂrꢇiꢆ or aꢄy coꢄcꢂꢁꢁioꢄ ꢇay bꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ oꢄ a ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂ (Arꢆiclꢂ Lp 123-3).
ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆakꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂꢁ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ approꢅꢂꢃ biꢃꢃꢂr aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ’ꢁ ꢁꢀpporꢆ; dꢀriꢄg ꢆhaꢆ pꢂrioꢃ, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly caꢄ iꢁꢁꢀꢂ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo
ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢄcial ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂ, aꢄ iꢄꢅiꢆaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂr for projꢂcꢆꢁ of ꢃirꢂcꢆ opꢂraꢆioꢄ or projꢂcꢆꢁ of orꢂ ꢁꢀpply ꢆo ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical plaꢄꢆꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. dꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁꢀlꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂr procꢂꢁꢁ, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly caꢄ ꢂiꢆhꢂr coꢄﬁrꢇ ꢆhꢂ liꢁꢆiꢄg or iꢁꢁꢀꢂ a ꢁꢂarch pꢂrꢇiꢆ oꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ biꢃꢃꢂr haꢅꢂ bꢂꢂꢄ
ꢁꢂlꢂcꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ approꢅꢂꢃ (Arꢆiclꢂ Lp 123-5).
aꢄ agꢂꢄꢃa for opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ;
ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of jobꢁ crꢂaꢆꢂꢃ, aꢄꢃ
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakiꢄgꢁ (Arꢆiclꢂ Lp 123-7). neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
25 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK
2.10 eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork iꢄfraꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ, ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ of ꢆꢂrriꢆorial a)ꢀꢀdiVisionꢀofꢀleꢍislatiVeꢀandꢀ reꢍulatorꢌꢀpowersꢀinꢀenVironꢋentalꢀ lawꢀꢋatters thꢂ Orgaꢄic Law proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ for a ꢃiꢅiꢁioꢄ of lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory powꢂrꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ, ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia, aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic, ꢁocial aꢄꢃ cꢀlꢆꢀral ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ, cꢀrrꢂꢄꢆly ꢀꢄꢃꢂr coꢄꢁiꢃꢂraꢆioꢄ iꢄ parꢆicipaꢆiꢅꢂ coꢇꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ gaꢆhꢂriꢄg ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ pꢀblic aꢄꢃ ꢂlꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ.
ꢊꢅmꢇꢂꢐꢂꢆcꢂꢀꢅꢓꢀꢐhꢂꢀpꢁꢅvꢄꢆcꢂꢏ
Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ 20 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢅꢂ gꢂꢄꢂral coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ iꢄ all ꢆhꢂ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ
ꢁpꢂciﬁcally aꢁꢁigꢄꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ or ꢆo ꢆhꢂ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia by ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law or ꢆo ꢆhꢂ mꢀꢄicipaliꢆiꢂꢁ by ꢆhꢂ applicablꢂ law iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. sꢆill ꢀꢄꢃꢂr coꢄꢁꢆrꢀcꢆioꢄ, ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal law rꢂꢁꢆꢁ ꢀpoꢄ a coꢇplꢂx
ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ rꢂgꢀlaꢆory coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ
Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ, ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ.
A Coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ Coꢇꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢂ waꢁ crꢂaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ Jaꢄꢀary 2006 iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo aꢃꢅiꢁꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ oꢄ ꢁꢀꢁꢆaiꢄablꢂ
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆo ꢇoꢄiꢆor, aꢁ far aꢁ poꢁꢁiblꢂ, ꢆhꢂ harꢇoꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal policiꢂꢁ carriꢂꢃ oꢀꢆ by ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhiꢁ ﬁꢂlꢃ.
Iꢄ coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ, aꢁ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ iꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal law ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ iꢁ ꢄoꢆ ꢂxpliciꢆly aꢁꢁigꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, ꢂxcꢂpꢆ for ꢆhꢂ aforꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆioꢄꢂꢃ arꢂaꢁ, iꢆ iꢁ gꢂꢄꢂrally coꢄꢁiꢃꢂrꢂꢃ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ gꢂꢄꢂral coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ iꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo
Arꢆiclꢂ 20 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law.
ꢊꢅmꢇꢂꢐꢂꢆcꢂꢀꢅꢓꢀꢐhꢂꢀfꢁꢂꢆchꢀsꢐꢃꢐꢂ noꢆwiꢆhꢁꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg a ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of ꢀꢄcꢂrꢆaiꢄꢆiꢂꢁ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢆ of ꢁꢀch ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅꢂꢄꢂꢁꢁ, ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ law of ꢆhꢂ Coꢀꢄcil of sꢆaꢆꢂ (Conseil d’Etat), ꢆhꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ iꢁ gꢂꢄꢂrally ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ, ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ raꢆioꢄalꢂ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ ꢇay
ꢇakꢂ ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄꢁ iꢄ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ oꢆhꢂr ꢆhaꢄ ꢆhoꢁꢂ coꢇpriꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂir aꢆꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁo loꢄg aꢁ ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂir ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄ fallꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ oꢄꢂ of ꢆhꢂir coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂꢁ (Opiꢄioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ Conseil d’Etat, 30 Aꢀgꢀꢁꢆ
2005). thꢂ Orgaꢄic Law ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ ꢃirꢂcꢆly aꢁꢁigꢄ aꢄy ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal
ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ. thꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ iꢁ ꢆo bꢂ foꢀꢄꢃ iꢄ gꢂꢄꢂral ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢆꢂxꢆꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal Coꢃꢂ of which ꢁoꢇꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ apply ꢆo nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
ꢊꢅmꢇꢂꢐꢂꢆcꢂꢀꢅꢓꢀnꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃ
Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ 22, 39 aꢄꢃ 211 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢅꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂ wiꢆh rꢂꢁpꢂcꢆ ꢆo
ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ: b)ꢀenVironꢋentalꢀleꢍislation lꢂgꢃꢈꢀꢓꢁꢃmꢂꢑꢅꢁk
Rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of hꢂalꢆh aꢄꢃ ꢁafꢂꢆy iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ; thꢂ eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal lꢂgal rꢂgiꢇꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ﬁꢄꢃꢁ iꢆꢁ origiꢄ iꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal law, Frꢂꢄch law, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ law aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ lawꢁ of ꢂach Proꢅiꢄcꢂ. no nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal coꢃꢂ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ yꢂꢆ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ iꢆꢁ owꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal coꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ a coꢃꢂ
ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢆo ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ oꢄ march 20,
2009 (Deliberation nb 25-2009/APS du 20 mars 2009 relative au code de l’environement de la Province Sud). Cꢂrꢆaiꢄ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢃꢂ of ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ ꢇay haꢅꢂ aꢄ iꢄꢃirꢂcꢆ iꢇpacꢆ oꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ proꢆꢂcꢆꢂꢃ arꢂaꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢄaꢆꢀral ꢁpacꢂꢁ which ꢇay baꢄ or liꢇiꢆ ꢆhꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ.
Rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢂxꢂrciꢁꢂ of ꢂxploraꢆioꢄ, opꢂraꢆioꢄ, ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢁꢂrꢅaꢆioꢄ righꢆꢁ of ꢄaꢆꢀral, biologic aꢄꢃ ꢄoꢄ-biologic rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂxclꢀꢁiꢅꢂ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic zoꢄꢂ;
Rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of hyꢃrocarboꢄꢁ, ꢄickꢂl, chroꢇiꢀꢇ aꢄꢃ cobalꢆ;
Gꢀiꢃiꢄg priꢄciplꢂꢁ of ꢀrbaꢄ plaꢄꢄiꢄg aꢄꢃ laꢄꢃ rꢂgiꢁꢆry righꢆꢁ;
Zooꢁaꢄiꢆary aꢄꢃ phyꢆoꢁaꢄiꢆary rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ, ꢁlaꢀghꢆꢂr hoꢀꢁꢂ;
thꢂ ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of a ꢇiꢄiꢄg rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁchꢂꢇꢂ which iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂlaboraꢆioꢄ of gꢀiꢃiꢄg priꢄciplꢂꢁ iꢄ
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ oriꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ of iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ for a raꢆioꢄal opꢂraꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg iꢄ a pꢂrꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ of ꢁꢀꢁꢆaiꢄablꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ;
thꢂ ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of aꢄ ꢀrbaꢄ plaꢄꢄiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁchꢂꢇꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia coꢄꢅꢂyiꢄg ꢆhꢂ fꢀꢄꢃaꢇꢂꢄꢆal oriꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
26 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK
Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ or ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ iꢆꢐꢂꢁꢆꢃꢐꢄꢅꢆꢃꢈꢀꢈꢃꢑ thꢂ opꢂraꢆioꢄ of iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆiꢄg ꢁꢂrioꢀꢁ hazarꢃꢁ or iꢄcoꢄꢅꢂꢄiꢂꢄcꢂꢁ for hꢂalꢆh or ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, aꢁ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ
ꢄoꢇꢂꢄclaꢆꢀrꢂ of claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ, iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ obꢆaiꢄiꢄg of a prior aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ (opꢂraꢆiꢄg pꢂrꢇiꢆ) froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly. nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia appliꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal aꢄꢃ Rꢂgioꢄal Coꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄꢁ oꢄ eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal Law ꢆo which iꢆ iꢁ a parꢆy aꢄꢃ which arꢂ likꢂly ꢆo coꢄcꢂrꢄ ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ or ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆhꢂ:
Coꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ for ꢆhꢂ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢆꢀral rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of soꢀꢆh Paciﬁc, ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ noꢀꢇéa oꢄ 24 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1986; thꢂ opꢂraꢆor of iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ﬁlꢂ a ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ ﬁlꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ coꢇply wiꢆh gꢂꢄꢂral prꢂꢁcripꢆioꢄꢁ proꢇꢀlgaꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ.
Coꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ oꢄ loꢄg-raꢄgꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁboꢀꢄꢃary air pollꢀꢆioꢄ, ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ Gꢂꢄꢂꢅa oꢄ 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1979. dImenC ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆrꢀcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ follow ꢀp of ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ applicaꢆioꢄꢁ. fꢁꢂꢆchꢀꢈꢃꢑ thꢂ eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal Charꢆꢂr, iꢄꢁꢂrꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ a gꢂꢄꢂral fraꢇꢂwork aꢄꢃ gꢀiꢃiꢄg priꢄciplꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ alꢁo applicablꢂ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆhꢂ prꢂcaꢀꢆioꢄary priꢄciplꢂ. thꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ thꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ for ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ of a claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ
ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ rꢂgꢀlaꢆꢂꢃ by ꢂach Proꢅiꢄcꢂ iꢄ alꢇoꢁꢆ
ꢁiꢇilar ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ. Iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo opꢂraꢆꢂ aꢄ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆor ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢁꢀbꢇiꢆ aꢄ applicaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ
Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly, coꢄꢆaiꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg iꢄforꢇaꢆioꢄ:
Fꢀrꢆhꢂrꢇorꢂ, ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal Coꢃꢂ coꢄꢆaiꢄꢁ ꢁpꢂciﬁc proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂꢁꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ arꢂ pꢂrꢆaiꢄiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆꢁ:
(i) Aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ for lꢂgal acꢆioꢄ for ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ aꢁꢁociaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ righꢆꢁ ꢆo lꢂgal acꢆioꢄ;
ꢆhꢂ iꢃꢂꢄꢆiﬁcaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ;
ꢆhꢂ locaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ;
(ii) mariꢄꢂ waꢆꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ waꢆꢂrwayꢁ opꢂꢄ ꢆo ꢁhippiꢄg, ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄcꢂꢁ aꢁꢁigꢄꢂꢃ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ iꢄ
ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆorial waꢆꢂrꢁ;
ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢆꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢅolꢀꢇꢂ of ꢆhꢂ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ procꢂꢁꢁ which will bꢂ ꢀꢁꢂꢃ aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆhꢂ rꢀbric of ꢆhꢂ ꢄoꢇꢂꢄclaꢆꢀrꢂꢁ iꢄ which
ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ ꢁhall bꢂ claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ;
(iii) Iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢆocol oꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ ꢆo
ꢆhꢂ Aꢄꢆarcꢆic trꢂaꢆy ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ maꢃriꢃ oꢄ 4 Ocꢆobꢂr 1991;
ꢁꢂꢅꢂral ꢇapꢁ ꢁhowiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀrroꢀꢄꢃiꢄgꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ locaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ;
(iꢅ) sꢆrꢀgglꢂ agaiꢄꢁꢆ Grꢂꢂꢄhoꢀꢁꢂ ꢂffꢂcꢆ aꢁ a ꢄaꢆioꢄal prioriꢆy. nꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃꢆꢀꢈꢃꢑ
Aꢄ eꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal Iꢇpacꢆ Aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆaiꢄiꢄg;
•aꢄ aꢄalyꢁiꢁ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄiꢆial ꢁꢆaꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁiꢆꢂ laꢄꢃ aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ
ꢁꢀrroꢀꢄꢃiꢄgꢁ;
Claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ thꢂ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ likꢂly ꢆo prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆ ꢃaꢄgꢂrꢁ or iꢄcoꢄꢅꢂꢄiꢂꢄcꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂ wꢂll-bꢂiꢄg, ꢁafꢂꢆy or hꢂalꢆh of local rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ, pꢀblic hꢂalꢆh, agricꢀlꢆꢀrꢂ, ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢁꢂrꢅaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢁꢂrꢅaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢁiꢆꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢇoꢄꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ
ꢆo aꢄ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ or a ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ, ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂrioꢀꢁꢄꢂꢁꢁ of ꢆhꢂ hazarꢃꢁ or iꢄcoꢄꢅꢂꢄiꢂꢄcꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂy caꢄ crꢂaꢆꢂ.
•aꢄ aꢄalyꢁiꢁ of ꢆhꢂ prꢂꢃicꢆablꢂ ꢂffꢂcꢆꢁ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ oꢄ iꢆꢁ ꢁꢀrroꢀꢄꢃiꢄgꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢇꢂaꢁꢀrꢂꢁ ꢂꢄꢅiꢁagꢂꢃ by
ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ ꢆo ꢁꢀpprꢂꢁꢁ, liꢇiꢆ aꢄꢃ coꢇpꢂꢄꢁaꢆꢂ for ꢆhꢂ iꢄcoꢄꢅꢂꢄiꢂꢄcꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ for ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ of rꢂꢁꢆoraꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ afꢆꢂr opꢂraꢆioꢄ.
Iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢁꢀch rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ arꢂ liꢁꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢄoꢇꢂꢄclaꢆꢀrꢂꢁ
ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢆo ꢂach Proꢅiꢄcꢂ (‘Claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ Iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ’).
A daꢄgꢂr Riꢁk Aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄꢃicaꢆiꢄg;
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ꢆhꢂ ꢃaꢄgꢂrꢁ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ caꢄ prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ caꢁꢂ of aꢄ acciꢃꢂꢄꢆ, ꢆhꢂ appropriaꢆꢂ ꢇꢂaꢁꢀrꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ coꢄꢆꢂꢇplaꢆꢂꢃ
ꢆo rꢂꢃꢀcꢂ iꢆꢁ probabiliꢆy aꢄꢃ iꢆꢁ ꢂffꢂcꢆꢁ; miꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ ꢃo ꢄoꢆ bꢂloꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ ꢄoꢇꢂꢄclaꢆꢀrꢂꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, cꢂrꢆaiꢄ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆhꢂ
ꢆrꢂaꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢄoꢄ-fꢂrroꢀꢁ ꢇiꢄꢂralꢁ, griꢄꢃiꢄg of ꢁꢆoꢄꢂ, pꢂbblꢂꢁ, orꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ oꢆhꢂr ꢄaꢆꢀral or arꢆiﬁcial proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ or ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ powꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢇachiꢄꢂꢁ ꢀꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ
ꢁiꢆꢂ.
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ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢇꢂrgꢂꢄcy ꢇꢂaꢁꢀrꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ iꢄꢆꢂꢄꢃꢁ ꢆo ꢁꢂꢆ ꢀp iꢄ caꢁꢂ of aꢄ acciꢃꢂꢄꢆ. thꢂ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁibiliꢆy for ꢆhꢂ iꢇplꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ’ꢁ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢁ ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ dImenC aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
27 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK thꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ iꢁ alꢁo ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo a pꢀblic iꢄqꢀiry iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆowꢄ whꢂrꢂ
ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ will bꢂ opꢂraꢆꢂꢃ. thꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢆraꢄꢁꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo dImenC aꢄꢃ oꢆhꢂr rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ pꢀblic aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂir opiꢄioꢄ. thꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢆhꢂꢄ ꢃꢂliꢅꢂrꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial
Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly iꢄ ꢅiꢂw of all ꢆhꢂ aboꢅꢂ ꢂlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ.
ꢃirꢂcꢆly applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo a nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ dꢂcrꢂꢂ ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 25 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 2003. thꢂ Baꢁꢂl Coꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg obligaꢆioꢄꢁ:
ꢆo ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ gꢂꢄꢂraꢆioꢄ of hazarꢃoꢀꢁ waꢁꢆꢂꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ
ꢁigꢄaꢆory ꢁꢆaꢆꢂꢁ iꢁ rꢂꢃꢀcꢂꢃ ꢆo a ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ;
Iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo opꢂraꢆꢂ aꢄ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ, ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ﬁlꢂ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly aꢄ applicaꢆioꢄ coꢄꢆaiꢄiꢄg hiꢁ iꢃꢂꢄꢆiꢆy, ꢆhꢂ locaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢆꢀrꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢅolꢀꢇꢂ of acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆor iꢄꢆꢂꢄꢃꢁ ꢆo carry oꢀꢆ.
ꢆo ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ ꢆhꢂ aꢅailabiliꢆy of aꢃꢂqꢀaꢆꢂ ꢃiꢁpoꢁal faciliꢆiꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂ
ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of hazarꢃoꢀꢁ waꢁꢆꢂꢁ; aꢄꢃ
ꢆo coopꢂraꢆꢂ iꢄ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ wiꢆh oꢆhꢂr ꢁꢆaꢆꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo iꢇproꢅꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆally ꢁoꢀꢄꢃ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢁꢀch waꢁꢆꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆo prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ illꢂgal ꢆrafﬁc. thꢂ fꢀꢄcꢆioꢄiꢄg of a claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ
Oꢄcꢂ ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ obꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ or ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ ackꢄowlꢂꢃgꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy, ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆor ꢇꢀꢁꢆ obꢁꢂrꢅꢂ ꢆꢂchꢄical rꢀlꢂꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ pollꢀꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆo proꢆꢂcꢆ hꢂalꢆh aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ. thꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of waꢁꢆꢂ ꢃiꢁpoꢁal thꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ soꢀꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ a gꢂꢄꢂral rꢂgiꢇꢂ ꢃꢂꢁigꢄꢂꢃ ꢆo prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ rꢂꢃꢀcꢂ ꢆhꢂ proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ
ꢃaꢄgꢂrꢁ of waꢁꢆꢂ aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆo proꢇoꢆꢂ rꢂcycliꢄg iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo proꢆꢂcꢆ
ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ. dImenC iꢁ ꢆhꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy for ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆrol of claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ caꢄ: thꢂ gꢂꢄꢂral rꢂgiꢇꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ aꢄy pꢂrꢁoꢄ proꢃꢀciꢄg or holꢃiꢄg hazarꢃoꢀꢁ waꢁꢆꢂ likꢂly ꢆo ꢃaꢇagꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ haꢁ ꢆo ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ iꢆꢁ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo aꢅoiꢃ aꢄy hazarꢃoꢀꢁ ꢂffꢂcꢆꢁ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
ꢅiꢁiꢆ or iꢄꢁpꢂcꢆ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ which caꢄ lꢂaꢃ ꢆo a warꢄiꢄg or a forꢇal ꢄoꢆicꢂ of ꢅiolaꢆioꢄ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂrioꢀꢁꢄꢂꢁꢁ of ꢆhꢂ brꢂachꢂꢁ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ;
procꢂꢁꢁ coꢇplaiꢄꢆꢁ;
Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ gꢂꢄꢂral rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of hazarꢃoꢀꢁ waꢁꢆꢂ, ꢁꢂꢅꢂral rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ by ꢂach Proꢅiꢄcꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂ ꢁpꢂciﬁc rꢀlꢂꢁ, iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢀꢁꢂꢃ oilꢁ or ꢀꢁꢂꢃ baꢆꢆꢂriꢂꢁ. thꢂ proꢃꢀcꢂrꢁ of ꢁꢀch hazarꢃoꢀꢁ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ arꢂ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for ꢆhꢂir ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ ꢆhꢂ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
ꢇakꢂ iꢄqꢀiriꢂꢁ iꢄ caꢁꢂ of iꢄciꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ or poꢆꢂꢄꢆial acciꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ. thꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ arꢂ alꢁo ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄal rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁꢂꢆ by
ꢂach Proꢅiꢄcꢂ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo, for iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ, ꢃiꢁpoꢁal of ꢀꢁꢂꢃ oilꢁ, ꢀꢁꢂꢃ baꢆꢆꢂriꢂꢁ, or ꢄoiꢁꢂ pollꢀꢆioꢄ. thꢂ cloꢁꢀrꢂ of a claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ maꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂꢁ of waꢁꢆꢂ ꢃiꢁpoꢁal
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ, ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆor ꢇꢀꢁꢆ iꢄforꢇ ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly whꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢃꢂﬁꢄiꢆiꢅꢂly ꢁꢆoppꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢁiꢆꢂ iꢄ ꢁꢀch a coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄ ꢆhaꢆ iꢆ prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢄo
ꢃaꢄgꢂr or iꢄcoꢄꢅꢂꢄiꢂꢄcꢂ for ꢆhꢂ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁh ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂꢁ of waꢁꢆꢂ ꢃiꢁpoꢁal wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂir ꢆꢂrriꢆory. Acꢆioꢄꢁ agaiꢄꢁꢆ pollꢀꢆioꢄ orgaꢄiꢁꢂꢃ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ fraꢇꢂwork of ꢁꢀch ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂꢁ of waꢁꢆꢂ ꢃiꢁpoꢁal caꢄ bꢂ ꢂligiblꢂ for fꢀꢄꢃiꢄg froꢇ a fꢀꢄꢃ ꢁꢀpporꢆiꢄg acꢆioꢄꢁ agaiꢄꢁꢆ pollꢀꢆioꢄ. thꢂ cloꢁꢀrꢂ of ꢆhꢂ claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ, aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢇꢂꢃiaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ arꢂ iꢄꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢆrollꢂꢃ by dImenC. thꢂ fꢀꢄꢃ iꢁ ﬁꢄaꢄcꢂꢃ by a ꢁꢀpporꢆiꢄg ꢆax for acꢆioꢄꢁ agaiꢄꢁꢆ pollꢀꢆioꢄ ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆꢂꢃ froꢇ iꢇporꢆꢂꢃ proꢃꢀcꢆꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ pꢄꢂꢀꢇaꢆicꢁ,
ꢁꢆoragꢂ baꢆꢆꢂriꢂꢁ, lꢀbricaꢆiꢄg oil which arꢂ likꢂly ꢆo gꢂꢄꢂraꢆꢂ ꢁꢆroꢄg
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal ꢄꢀiꢁaꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ riꢁkꢁ for pꢀblic hꢂalꢆh.
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ, iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁalꢂ of a ꢁiꢆꢂ oꢄ which claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ haꢅꢂ bꢂꢂꢄ opꢂraꢆꢂꢃ, ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂllꢂr haꢁ aꢄ obligaꢆioꢄ ꢆo iꢄforꢇ ꢆhꢂ pꢀrchaꢁꢂr of ꢆhꢂ ꢃaꢄgꢂrꢁ rꢂꢁꢀlꢆiꢄg froꢇ ꢆhꢂ paꢁꢆ opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ.
Waꢆꢂr
Waꢁꢆꢂ ꢃiꢁpoꢁal thꢂ prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ of waꢆꢂr pollꢀꢆioꢄ thꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ alꢁo aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ
ꢃꢂꢁigꢄꢂꢃ ꢆo prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ waꢆꢂr pollꢀꢆioꢄ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo ꢁaꢆiꢁfy aꢄꢃ coꢄciliaꢆꢂ ꢃriꢄkiꢄg waꢆꢂr ꢀꢁꢂꢁ for ꢆhꢂ local popꢀlaꢆioꢄ wiꢆh oꢆhꢂr
ꢀꢁꢂꢁ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢀꢁꢂꢁ, agricꢀlꢆꢀral ꢀꢁꢂꢁ, or ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ,
ꢂꢆc. traꢄꢁboꢀꢄꢃary ꢇoꢅꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ of hazarꢃoꢀꢁ waꢁꢆꢂꢁ traꢄꢁboꢀꢄꢃary ꢇoꢅꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ of waꢁꢆꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ ꢇighꢆ prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆ hazarꢃꢁ for hꢀꢇaꢄ hꢂalꢆh aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ arꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ
Baꢁꢂl Coꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆrol of ꢆraꢄꢁboꢀꢄꢃary ꢇoꢅꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ of hazarꢃoꢀꢁ waꢁꢆꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂir ꢃiꢁpoꢁal. thꢂ Baꢁꢂl Coꢄꢅꢂꢄꢆioꢄ iꢁ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
28 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK thꢂ ꢃiꢁchargꢂ of waꢁꢆꢂ iꢄ waꢆꢂr iꢁ forbiꢃꢃꢂꢄ, iꢄ parꢆicꢀlar iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial waꢁꢆꢂ likꢂly ꢆo ꢂꢄꢃaꢄgꢂr pꢀblic hꢂalꢆh, faꢀꢄa aꢄꢃ ﬂora aꢄꢃ likꢂly ꢆo call iꢄꢆo qꢀꢂꢁꢆioꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic aꢄꢃ ꢆoꢀriꢁꢆ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of coaꢁꢆal rꢂgioꢄꢁ. air pollꢀꢆioꢄ. Fꢀrꢆhꢂrꢇorꢂ, ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ oꢄ waꢁꢆꢂ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ obligaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢇaꢄagꢂ waꢁꢆꢂꢁ poꢆꢂꢄꢆially hazarꢃoꢀꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ alꢁo appliꢂꢁ ꢆo waꢁꢆꢂꢁ which arꢂ likꢂly ꢆo caꢀꢁꢂ air pollꢀꢆioꢄ. dImenC iꢁ alꢁo iꢄ chargꢂ of ꢇoꢄiꢆoriꢄg ꢆhꢂ air qꢀaliꢆy.
Air thꢂrꢂ iꢁ ꢄo ꢁpꢂciﬁc rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢃiꢁchargꢂ of pollꢀꢆaꢄꢆꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ air, bꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ of claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢇay iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ ꢁpꢂciﬁc rꢀlꢂꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ air coꢄꢆaꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ.
Biological ꢃiꢅꢂrꢁiꢆy thꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ
ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ a ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of proꢆꢂcꢆꢂꢃ arꢂaꢁ ꢆo proꢆꢂcꢆ biological
ꢃiꢅꢂrꢁiꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢆo prꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ aꢄy acꢆiꢅiꢆy, occꢀpaꢆioꢄ or ꢁꢂꢆꢆlꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ
ꢆhaꢆ coꢀlꢃ bꢂ iꢄcoꢇpaꢆiblꢂ wiꢆh ꢆhiꢁ objꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ, ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢄg aꢄꢃ qꢀarryiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄꢁ. uꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal coꢃꢂ of ꢆhꢂ norꢆhꢂrꢄ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ, ꢆhꢂ
ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal iꢇpacꢆ aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁꢇꢂꢄꢆ which ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ prꢂparꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ for ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆioꢄ of a claꢁꢁiﬁꢂꢃ iꢄꢁꢆallaꢆioꢄ, ꢇꢀꢁꢆ iꢄꢃicaꢆꢂ, whꢂꢄ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary, ꢆhꢂ origiꢄ, ꢆhꢂ ꢅolꢀꢇꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢂrioꢀꢁꢄꢂꢁꢁ of 2.11 miꢄꢂ policꢂ thꢂ “miꢄꢂ Policꢂ” iꢁ aꢄoꢆhꢂr ꢇajor fꢂaꢆꢀrꢂ ꢄꢂwly ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ
ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ. thꢂ pꢀrpoꢁꢂ of ꢆhiꢁ ꢄꢂw iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢆo rꢂiꢄforcꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢄiꢆoriꢄg of ꢇiꢄiꢄg projꢂcꢆꢁ froꢇ aꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal pꢂrꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ. caꢄ bꢂ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆꢂꢃ ꢂiꢆhꢂr by way of a baꢄk gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ or by coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ ꢇaꢃꢂ by ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢇpaꢄy ꢃꢀriꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄ
(Arꢆiclꢂ Lp 142-13). Rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ work, if ꢀꢄꢁaꢆiꢁfacꢆorily
ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆꢂꢃ, caꢄ bꢂ ꢁꢆoppꢂꢃ. thꢂ miꢄꢂ Policꢂ iꢁ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢂꢃ wiꢆh a broaꢃ ꢁcopꢂ of jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄ:
ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ, ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ, rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ of zoꢄꢂꢁ
ꢃaꢇagꢂꢃ by ꢇiꢄiꢄg opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ coꢄꢆrol (Arꢆiclꢂ
Lp 142-1). Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ, iꢆ iꢁ alꢁo ꢂꢇpowꢂrꢂꢃ wiꢆh aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ pꢂꢄal prꢂrogaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ. thꢂ ꢂꢁꢁꢂꢄꢆial proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Coꢃꢂ
ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁh ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg: thꢂ “pollꢀꢆꢂr payꢁ priꢄciplꢂ” iꢁ ꢂꢄꢁhriꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ arꢆiclꢂ Lp 142-12. violaꢆorꢁ will bꢂ proꢁꢂcꢀꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ will iꢄcꢀr aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ (Arꢆiclꢂ Lp
151-1) aꢄꢃ criꢇiꢄal (Arꢆiclꢂ Lp 151-2) pꢂꢄalꢆiꢂꢁ. violaꢆorꢁ caꢄ bꢂ coꢄꢅicꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo a ꢆwo yꢂarꢁ’ iꢇpriꢁoꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ
ꢆo pay a ﬁꢄꢂ of XPF 3,579,000 if ꢆhꢂy, iꢄꢆꢂr alia: opꢂraꢆꢂ a ꢇiꢄꢂ wiꢆhoꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ propꢂr aꢀꢆhorizaꢆioꢄꢁ, coꢇꢇiꢆ aꢄ iꢄfriꢄgꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of occꢀpaꢆioꢄal hꢂalꢆh aꢄꢃ ꢁafꢂꢆy rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ or ꢃo ꢄoꢆ follow miꢄꢂ
Policꢂ’ꢁ prꢂꢁcripꢆioꢄꢁ. A pꢂrꢁoꢄ who ꢁꢆaꢄꢃꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ way of a miꢄꢂ
Policꢂ’ꢁ agꢂꢄꢆ, procꢂꢂꢃꢁ ꢆo ꢁꢂarch wiꢆhoꢀꢆ aꢀꢆhorizaꢆioꢄ, rꢂfꢀꢁꢂꢁ
ꢆo coꢇꢇꢀꢄicaꢆꢂ gꢂological ꢃaꢆa or ꢁaꢇplꢂꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ will bꢂ coꢄꢃꢂꢇꢄꢂꢃ ꢆo oꢄꢂ yꢂar’ꢁ iꢇpriꢁoꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ a ﬁꢄꢂ of XPF
1,789,000.
thꢂ opꢂꢄiꢄg of a plaꢄꢆ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ prꢂcꢂꢃꢂꢃ by aꢄ iꢇpacꢆ ꢁꢆꢀꢃy aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ opꢂꢄiꢄg of a rꢂꢁꢂarch cꢂꢄꢆꢂr by aꢄ iꢇpacꢆ ꢄoꢆicꢂ.
thꢂ applicaꢄꢆ wiꢁhiꢄg ꢆo ꢁꢆarꢆ a rꢂꢁꢂarch or opꢂraꢆioꢄ projꢂcꢆ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢄow bꢂ aꢀꢆhorizꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢃo ꢁo by ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly (Arꢆiclꢂ Lp 142-9). thꢂ prꢂcꢂꢃiꢄg
ꢃꢂclaraꢆory ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ iꢁ aboliꢁhꢂꢃ.
thꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢇpaꢄy ꢇꢀꢁꢆ rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢁiꢆꢂ ꢃaꢇagꢂꢃ by iꢆꢁ acꢆiꢅiꢆy, ꢆakiꢄg iꢄꢆo accoꢀꢄꢆ ꢆhꢂ fꢀꢄꢃaꢇꢂꢄꢆal characꢆꢂriꢁꢆicꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀrroꢀꢄꢃiꢄg ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ, ꢅiolaꢆorꢁ’ pꢂrꢁoꢄal ꢇiꢄiꢄg aꢀꢆhorizaꢆioꢄꢁ caꢄ bꢂ wiꢆhꢃrawꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂy caꢄ bꢂ baꢄꢄꢂꢃ froꢇ aꢄy applicaꢆioꢄ for a ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢆiꢆlꢂ for a pꢂrioꢃ of ꢆhrꢂꢂ yꢂarꢁ.
Iꢄ caꢁꢂ of failꢀrꢂ ꢆo rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆꢂ, ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcial
Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly caꢄ orꢃꢂr rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ hiꢇ/hꢂrꢁꢂlf aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ ꢂxpꢂꢄꢁꢂ. A ﬁꢄaꢄcial gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ iꢁ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ ꢆo
ꢁꢂcꢀrꢂ ꢆhiꢁ rꢂhabiliꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁiꢆꢂ. thiꢁ ﬁꢄaꢄcial gꢀaraꢄꢆꢂꢂ thꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ rꢂlꢂꢅaꢄꢆ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly ꢂxꢂrciꢁꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢄg Policꢂ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
29 mInInG LeGAL FRAmeWORK
2.12 naꢆiꢅꢂ tiꢆlꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ dꢂclaraꢆioꢄ oꢄ Righꢆꢁ of Iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ Pꢂoplꢂꢁ
Caꢄaꢃa), 14 sꢆaꢆꢂꢁ abꢁꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ (Azꢂrbaijaꢄ, Baꢄglaꢃꢂꢁh, Bhoꢀꢆaꢄ, a)ꢀnatiVeꢀtitles
Bꢀrꢀꢄꢃi, Coloꢇbia, Gꢂorgia, Kꢂꢄya, nigꢂria, Rꢀꢁꢁiaꢄ Fꢂꢃꢂraꢆioꢄ, saꢇoa aꢄꢃ ukraiꢄꢂ).
Iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary law ꢂxiꢁꢆꢁ aloꢄgꢁiꢃꢂ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch ciꢅil law. thꢂrꢂ iꢁ a ꢃiꢁꢆiꢄcꢆioꢄ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ propꢂrꢆy locaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃ which iꢁ goꢅꢂrꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ rꢀlꢂꢁ of cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary law, aꢄꢃ propꢂrꢆy locaꢆꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃ, which iꢁ goꢅꢂrꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ rꢀlꢂꢁ of Frꢂꢄch ciꢅil law. uꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Accorꢃ, ꢆhꢂ orꢃiꢄary law coꢀrꢆꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia arꢂ ablꢂ ꢆo hꢂar ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂꢁ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ of cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁorꢁ. thꢂ coꢀrꢆꢁ caꢄ iꢇpoꢁꢂ ꢁaꢄcꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ pꢂꢄalꢆiꢂꢁ, aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ iꢄꢆꢂrrꢀpꢆ or ꢁꢀꢁpꢂꢄꢃ proꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ or ꢀꢁꢂ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁiꢆꢂꢁ. thꢂ ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ afﬁrꢇꢁ ꢆhaꢆ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ pꢂoplꢂꢁ’ aꢄcꢂꢁꢆral laꢄꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ baꢁiꢁ of ꢆhꢂir collꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ ꢂxiꢁꢆꢂꢄcꢂ, of ꢆhꢂir cꢀlꢆꢀrꢂꢁ, of ꢆhꢂir ꢁpiriꢆꢀaliꢆy aꢄꢃ ꢆo ꢁoꢇꢂ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂir rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ.
Arꢆiclꢂ 32 of ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ aꢁꢁꢂrꢆꢁ ꢆhaꢆ:
‘sꢆaꢆꢂꢁ ꢁhall coꢄꢁꢀlꢆ aꢄꢃ coopꢂraꢆꢂ iꢄ gooꢃ faiꢆh wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ pꢂoplꢂꢁ coꢄcꢂrꢄꢂꢃ ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂir owꢄ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ iꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo obꢆaiꢄ ꢆhꢂir frꢂꢂ aꢄꢃ iꢄforꢇꢂꢃ coꢄꢁꢂꢄꢆ prior
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ approꢅal of aꢄy projꢂcꢆ affꢂcꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂir laꢄꢃꢁ or ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ oꢆhꢂr rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ, parꢆicꢀlarly iꢄ coꢄꢄꢂcꢆioꢄ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ,
ꢀꢆilizaꢆioꢄ or ꢂxploiꢆaꢆioꢄ of ꢇiꢄꢂral, waꢆꢂr or oꢆhꢂr rꢂꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ’.
Aꢁ a coꢄꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄcꢂ, ꢆhrꢂꢂ laꢄꢃ ꢆꢂꢄꢀrꢂꢁ coꢂxiꢁꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia: priꢅaꢆꢂ propꢂrꢆy, pꢀblic ꢃoꢇaiꢄ aꢄꢃ cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃ. If cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃꢁ arꢂ iꢄaliꢂꢄablꢂ, priꢅaꢆꢂ propꢂrꢆy aꢄꢃ pꢀblic ꢃoꢇaiꢄ arꢂ pꢂrꢇꢂablꢂ caꢆꢂgoriꢂꢁ.
Laꢄꢃ claiꢇꢁ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢅꢂ bꢂꢂꢄ rarꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ paꢁꢆ fꢂw yꢂarꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂy wꢂrꢂ ꢄoꢆ ꢂꢅꢂꢄ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo cꢀꢁꢆoꢇary laꢄꢃ bꢀꢆ haꢃ agricꢀlꢆꢀral or iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ. Iꢄ 2005, oꢄly 136 wꢂrꢂ yiꢂlꢃꢂꢃ ꢆo priꢅaꢆꢂ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆiꢂꢁ or iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ.
‘sꢆaꢆꢂꢁ ꢁhall proꢅiꢃꢂ ꢂffꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ ꢇꢂchaꢄiꢁꢇꢁ for jꢀꢁꢆ aꢄꢃ fair rꢂꢃrꢂꢁꢁ for aꢄy ꢁꢀch acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ, aꢄꢃ appropriaꢆꢂ ꢇꢂaꢁꢀrꢂꢁ ꢁhall bꢂ ꢆakꢂꢄ
ꢆo ꢇiꢆigaꢆꢂ aꢃꢅꢂrꢁꢂ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆal, ꢂcoꢄoꢇic, ꢁocial, cꢀlꢆꢀral or
ꢁpiriꢆꢀal iꢇpacꢆ’. b)ꢀꢀdeꢊlarationꢀonꢀriꢍꢉtsꢀofꢀ indiꢍenousꢀpeople sꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary Lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ chaꢄgꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢆhiꢁ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ ꢇay affꢂcꢆ ꢆhꢂ aꢀꢆhoriꢁaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢁꢁ for
ꢇiꢄiꢄg projꢂcꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ wiꢆh ꢄaꢆiꢅꢂ coꢇꢇꢀꢄiꢆiꢂꢁ.
Oꢄ 13 sꢂpꢆꢂꢇbꢂr 2007 ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ oꢄ righꢆꢁ of iꢄꢃigꢂꢄoꢀꢁ pꢂoplꢂꢁ waꢁ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ uꢄiꢆꢂꢃ naꢆioꢄꢁ Gꢂꢄꢂral Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly. thiꢁ ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ aꢃopꢆꢂꢃ by 144 sꢆaꢆꢂꢁ iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg Fraꢄcꢂ, foꢀr sꢆaꢆꢂꢁ ꢅoꢆꢂꢃ agaiꢄꢁꢆ (usA, Aꢀꢁꢆralia, nꢂw Zꢂalaꢄꢃ aꢄꢃ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
30

COmPAnY LAW
3.0ReQuIRements neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
31 COmPAnY LAW ReQuIRements
3.1 Oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw thꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ choicꢂ ꢆo bꢂ ꢇaꢃꢂ whꢂꢄ ꢃꢂciꢃiꢄg ꢆo coꢄꢃꢀcꢆ bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhiꢄg a prꢂꢁꢂꢄcꢂ ꢆhroꢀgh ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of a coꢇpaꢄy or ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhiꢄg a braꢄch or rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ ofﬁcꢂ. Iꢄ aꢄy caꢁꢂ, iꢆ iꢁ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary ꢆo bꢂ awarꢂ of ꢆhꢂ parꢆicꢀlariꢆiꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇplꢂx ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ of Frꢂꢄch bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ law ꢆhaꢆ iꢁ applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ, iꢆ will bꢂ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary ꢆhaꢆ a coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ
ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆory ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ will ꢄꢂꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁlaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo Frꢂꢄch iꢄ accorꢃaꢄcꢂ wiꢆh local lꢂgal rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ.
ꢁꢀbꢁꢂqꢀꢂꢄꢆ ꢇoꢃiﬁcaꢆioꢄꢁ, aꢁ applicablꢂ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Coꢇꢇꢂrcial coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢆraꢃiꢆioꢄally ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ (sociétés de capitaux) aꢄꢃ ꢀꢄliꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ (sociétés de personnes). Whꢂꢄ ꢃꢂciꢃiꢄg ꢆo crꢂaꢆꢂ a coꢇpaꢄy iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢆ iꢁ highly rꢂcoꢇꢇꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ ꢆo aꢄy forꢂigꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆor ꢆo opꢆ for a liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄy. diꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ ꢆo aꢄ oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ parꢂꢄꢆ coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ ꢄoꢆ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ by law, howꢂꢅꢂr ꢆhꢂ abꢁꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆax ꢆrꢂaꢆiꢂꢁ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ all oꢆhꢂr coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ ꢂxcꢂpꢆ Fraꢄcꢂ ꢇay crꢂaꢆꢂ ꢆax iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢄ alꢆꢂrꢄaꢆiꢅꢂ lꢂgal ꢁolꢀꢆioꢄ or ꢆax roꢀꢆꢂ ꢇay ꢄꢂꢂꢃ
ꢆo bꢂ ꢆakꢂꢄ iꢄꢆo coꢄꢁiꢃꢂraꢆioꢄ. Alꢆꢂrꢄaꢆiꢅꢂly, a prꢂꢁꢂꢄcꢂ iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia caꢄ alꢁo bꢂ ꢁꢂꢆ ꢀp ꢆhroꢀgh a braꢄch or a rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ ofﬁcꢂ.
Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢃꢂꢂꢇꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ ꢂiꢆhꢂr of a ciꢅil or coꢇꢇꢂrcial ꢄaꢆꢀrꢂ.
Ciꢅil coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ parꢆꢄꢂrꢁhipꢁ whoꢁꢂ acꢆiꢅiꢆy iꢁ rꢂꢁꢆricꢆꢂꢃ
ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢆo profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal or rꢂal ꢂꢁꢆaꢆꢂ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. Coꢇꢇꢂrcial coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢆhoꢁꢂ which arꢂ ꢂꢄgagꢂꢃ iꢄ a ꢆraꢃꢂ or bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ.
Coꢇꢇꢂrcial coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ coꢇꢇoꢄ ꢆypꢂ of ꢂꢄꢆiꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ arꢂ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ law ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 24 Jꢀly 1966 aꢄꢃ all
3.2 Liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ Liabiliꢆy Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ (Sociétés de Capitaux) thꢂrꢂ arꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ ꢆypꢂꢁ of liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr Frꢂꢄch ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂ; law: sociéꢆé Aꢄoꢄyꢇꢂ (sA); sociéꢆé par acꢆioꢄ siꢇpliﬁé (sAs); aꢄꢃ sociéꢆé à Rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁabiliꢆé Liꢇiꢆé (sArL). thꢂꢁꢂ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢆhꢂ
ꢇoꢁꢆ coꢇꢇoꢄ ꢆypꢂ of coꢇpaꢄy forꢇaꢆioꢄ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ characꢆꢂriꢁꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢂxiꢁꢆꢂꢄcꢂ of a ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ capiꢆal ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂrablꢂ
ꢁharꢂꢁ, aꢄꢃ by ꢆhꢂ facꢆ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂy coꢄfꢂr liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄ of liabiliꢆy oꢄꢆo
ꢆhꢂir ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂir ꢁharꢂholꢃiꢄg. thꢂrꢂ arꢂ
ꢅarioꢀꢁ ﬁliꢄg rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ for liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ
Rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂr of traꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ (Registre du Commerce et des
Sociétés).
ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢇꢂ aꢄꢃ aꢃꢃrꢂꢁꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ ofﬁcꢂ;
ꢆhꢂ pꢀrpoꢁꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy;
ꢆhꢂ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆ of iꢆꢁ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢃ capiꢆal;
ꢆhꢂ ꢅalꢀꢂ of iꢄ-kiꢄꢃ coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ;
liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁfꢂrabiliꢆy of ꢁharꢂꢁ;
liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ powꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ lꢂgal rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy; aꢄꢃ a)ꢀforꢋationꢀofꢀsa,ꢀsas,ꢀsarl thꢂ forꢇaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ caꢄ bꢂ
ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ iꢄꢆo ꢆhrꢂꢂ ꢁꢆꢂpꢁ: 1) ꢆhꢂ ꢃrafꢆiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ; 2) ꢆhꢂ coꢇplꢂꢆioꢄ of all lꢂgal forꢇaliꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂgiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ (ꢁꢂꢂ bꢂlow); aꢄꢃ 3) ꢆhꢂ ꢇakiꢄg of coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy by ꢆhꢂ
ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ.
ꢇꢂꢆhoꢃ of allocaꢆioꢄ of proﬁꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ loꢁꢁꢂꢁ.
Ofﬁcꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy arꢂ gꢂꢄꢂrally appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢆiꢇꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy arꢂ ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ.
ꢊ)ꢀleꢍalꢀforꢋalities thꢂ forꢇaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ ꢂffꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ oꢄly ꢀpoꢄ pꢀblicaꢆioꢄ of a lꢂgal ꢄoꢆicꢂ aꢄꢄoꢀꢄciꢄg ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy, iꢄ a nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢄꢂwꢁpapꢂr aꢄꢃ ꢀpoꢄ rꢂgiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ Rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂr of traꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ (Registre du Commerce et des Sociétés). b)ꢀꢀdraftinꢍꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀꢊonstitutionꢀofꢀtꢉeꢀ
ꢊoꢋpanꢌ thꢂ Arꢆiclꢂꢁ of Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy ꢁhall ꢃꢂꢁcribꢂ iꢄ ꢃꢂꢆail
ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg iꢆꢂꢇꢁ: neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
33 COmPAnY LAW ReQuIRements thꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ (Tribunal Mixte de Commerce) alꢁo rꢂqꢀirꢂꢁ cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢇaꢄagꢂrꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ: ꢆhꢂ birꢆh cꢂrꢆiﬁcaꢆꢂ, policꢂ clꢂaraꢄcꢂ, ꢀp-ꢆo-ꢃaꢆꢂ ciꢅil ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ aꢄꢃ oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆial aꢃꢃrꢂꢁꢁ. exꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ Ofﬁcꢂr (President Directeur Général’) or by haꢅiꢄg a dirꢂcꢆiꢄg Boarꢃ (Directoire) aꢄꢃ sꢀpꢂrꢅiꢁory Boarꢃ (Conseil de
Surveillance) sA wiꢃꢀ a Conꢂeil d’Adꢊiniꢂꢃꢁaꢃion and a pꢁéꢂidenꢃ Diꢁecꢃeꢄꢁ
Généꢁal
Fꢀrꢆhꢂr, a ꢄoꢄ-Frꢂꢄch ꢄaꢆioꢄal caꢄ ꢄorꢇally pꢂrforꢇ a ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ acꢆiꢅiꢆy iꢄ a nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ coꢇpaꢄy if ꢆhꢂy haꢅꢂ obꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ a bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ pꢂrꢇiꢆ (carte de commerçant). Howꢂꢅꢂr, eꢀropꢂaꢄ uꢄioꢄ ꢄaꢆioꢄalꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ holꢃiꢄg a rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄcꢂ pꢂrꢇiꢆ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢆo obꢆaiꢄ ꢆhiꢁ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆ. thꢂꢁꢂ bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ arꢂ coꢇplicaꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ arꢂ
ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo chaꢄgꢂ. thꢂ Boarꢃ of dirꢂcꢆorꢁ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of ꢆhrꢂꢂ ꢆo 24 ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ aꢁ appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ by Gꢂꢄꢂral Aꢁꢁꢂꢇbly of ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ (Assemblée
Générale) for a ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ of ꢁix yꢂarꢁ. Iꢆ haꢁ ꢆhꢂ broaꢃꢂꢁꢆ powꢂrꢁ
ꢆo acꢆ oꢄ bꢂhalf of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy. thꢂ Boarꢃ of dirꢂcꢆorꢁ appoiꢄꢆꢁ a Chiꢂf exꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ Ofﬁcꢂr (Président Directeur Général). thꢂ Préꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ. Hꢂ caꢄ bꢂ aꢁꢁiꢁꢆꢂꢃ by gꢂꢄꢂral ꢇaꢄagꢂrꢁ (Directeurs Généraux) aꢄꢃ iꢁ rꢂꢅocablꢂ aꢆ will.
Fiꢄally, aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄal forꢇaliꢆiꢂꢁ will haꢅꢂ ꢆo bꢂ fꢀlﬁllꢂꢃ for ꢆax aꢄꢃ ꢁocial
ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ. sA wiꢃꢀ a Diꢁecꢃoiꢁe and a Conꢂeil de sꢄꢁꢇeillance thꢂ dirꢂcꢆiꢄg Boarꢃ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ haꢅꢂ a ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ of ﬁꢅꢂ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ. thꢂir
ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ arꢂ callꢂꢃ ‘dirꢂcꢆꢂꢀrꢁ’ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂrꢂ caꢄ bꢂ oꢄly oꢄꢂ ꢇꢂꢇbꢂr if ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal of ꢆhꢂ sA iꢁ lꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhaꢄ 11,000,000 XPF. thꢂ
ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ dirꢂcꢆiꢄg Boarꢃ arꢂ appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ sꢀpꢂrꢅiꢁory
Boarꢃ. thꢂrꢂ arꢂ ꢁꢆriꢄgꢂꢄꢆ liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ oꢄ aꢄy rꢂꢇꢀꢄꢂraꢆioꢄ which
ꢂiꢆhꢂr dirꢂcꢆorꢁ or ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ sꢀpꢂrꢅiꢁory Boarꢃ ꢇay rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂ. d)ꢀꢊontributions
Coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ caꢄ bꢂ paiꢃ ꢂiꢆhꢂr iꢄ caꢁh or iꢄ kiꢄꢃ. Coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ caꢁh ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ ꢃꢂpoꢁiꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ a baꢄk or iꢄ a ꢄoꢆary’ꢁ ofﬁcꢂ iꢄ a blockꢂꢃ accoꢀꢄꢆ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢇꢂ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy. thꢂy caꢄ bꢂ rꢂlꢂaꢁꢂꢃ oꢄly afꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄal coꢇplꢂꢆioꢄ of rꢂgiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ (froꢇ oꢄꢂ ꢆo
ꢁix ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ). thꢂ Chiꢂf exꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ Ofﬁcꢂr, ꢆhꢂ exꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ Ofﬁcꢂr aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ dirꢂcꢆorꢁ arꢂ ꢆrꢂaꢆꢂꢃ aꢁ ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ for ꢆax aꢄꢃ ꢁocial ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, wiꢆh rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo Laboꢀr Law, ꢆhꢂ Chiꢂf exꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ
Ofﬁcꢂr ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ bꢂꢄꢂﬁꢆ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ agaiꢄꢁꢆ ꢃiꢁꢇiꢁꢁal, aꢄꢃ rꢂꢇaiꢄꢁ rꢂꢅocablꢂ aꢆ will. valꢀaꢆioꢄ of iꢄ-kiꢄꢃ coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄꢁ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ coꢄﬁrꢇꢂꢃ by aꢄ aꢀꢃiꢆor appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ. e)ꢀreꢍisteredꢀꢊapital thꢂ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal haꢁ ꢆo bꢂ ꢇꢂꢄꢆioꢄꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy. thꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆ of ꢁꢀch capiꢆal ꢅariꢂꢁ
ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆypꢂ of coꢇpaꢄy: sasꢀcꢅmꢇꢃꢆꢄꢂꢏ sAs Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ haꢅꢂ a loꢆ of ﬂꢂxibiliꢆy ꢆo aꢃjꢀꢁꢆ ꢆhꢂir goꢅꢂrꢄaꢄcꢂ. thꢂ coꢇpaꢄy caꢄ bꢂ goꢅꢂrꢄꢂꢃ by oꢄꢂ or ꢁꢂꢅꢂral Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ, aꢄꢃ wiꢆh or wiꢆhoꢀꢆ a boarꢃ of ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ. thꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ caꢄ bꢂ a forꢂigꢄ baꢁꢂꢃ coꢇpaꢄy, ꢂꢅꢂꢄ a ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂr, aꢄꢃ caꢄ bꢂ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆꢂꢃ by aꢄy pꢂrꢁoꢄ ꢆhꢂy ﬁꢄꢃ ꢁꢀiꢆablꢂ. sꢀch pꢂrꢁoꢄ ꢄꢂꢂꢃ ꢄoꢆ bꢂ a nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ.
for ꢆhꢂ sARL, ꢄo ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆ; for ꢆhꢂ sA aꢄꢃ sAs, ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ aꢇoꢀꢄꢆ iꢁ €37, 000; aꢄꢃ
Iꢄ aꢄ sA aꢄꢃ aꢄ sAs, aꢆ lꢂaꢁꢆ 50% of ꢆhꢂ capiꢆal ꢁhall bꢂ fꢀlly paiꢃ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ iꢄcorporaꢆioꢄ ꢁꢆagꢂ (whꢂrꢂaꢁ for aꢄ sARL,
ꢆhꢂ capiꢆal ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ ꢂꢄꢆirꢂly paiꢃ ꢀp).
Aꢄy ꢇoꢃiﬁcaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal rꢂqꢀirꢂꢁ a cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of forꢇaliꢆiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢄoꢆicꢂꢁ ꢆo loꢃgꢂ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂr of traꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ
Coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ. f)ꢀꢀꢋanaꢍeꢋentꢀofꢀsa,ꢀsasꢀandꢀsarlꢀ
ꢊoꢋpanies saꢀꢊꢅmꢇꢃꢆꢄꢂꢏ thꢂ goꢅꢂrꢄaꢄcꢂ of aꢄ sA caꢄ bꢂ ꢁꢆrꢀcꢆꢀrꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆwo ꢃiffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ wayꢁ:
ꢆhroꢀgh a Boarꢃ of dirꢂcꢆorꢁ (Conseil d’Administration) aꢄꢃ a Chiꢂf neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
34 COmPAnY LAW ReQuIRements
Howꢂꢅꢂr, cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢃꢂciꢁioꢄꢁ ꢃꢂﬁꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ, ꢇay rꢂqꢀirꢂ ꢆhꢂ approꢅal of a ꢇajoriꢆy of all ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ. thꢂrꢂforꢂ
ꢆhꢂ powꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ Prꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ ꢇay bꢂ ꢅꢂry ꢁꢆricꢆly liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ Coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂꢁ. Accorꢃiꢄgly, ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂꢁ of sAs coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ caꢄ bꢂ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢁiꢅꢂly ꢆailorꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢁꢀiꢆ ꢆhꢂ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ of ꢇꢀlꢆiꢄaꢆioꢄal groꢀpꢁ, whꢂrꢂaꢁ sA aꢄꢃ sARL coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ ꢁo
ﬂꢂxiblꢂ. powꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ Géraꢄꢆꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂꢁ ꢃo ꢄoꢆ biꢄꢃ ꢆhirꢃ parꢆiꢂꢁ who haꢅꢂ ꢄo kꢄowlꢂꢃgꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂꢁ. If ꢆhꢂrꢂ arꢂ ꢁꢂꢅꢂral Géraꢄꢆꢁ,
ꢂach of ꢆhꢂꢇ haꢁ fꢀll powꢂr ꢆo acꢆ joiꢄꢆly aꢄꢃ ꢁꢂparaꢆꢂly oꢄ bꢂhalf of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy ꢀꢄlꢂꢁꢁ oꢆhꢂrwiꢁꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂꢁ. For ꢆax aꢄꢃ ꢁocial ꢁꢂcꢀriꢆy pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ Géraꢄꢆꢁ arꢂ rꢂgarꢃꢂꢃ aꢁ ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ if ꢆhꢂy ꢃo ꢄoꢆ holꢃ ꢃirꢂcꢆly or iꢄꢃirꢂcꢆly, 50 pꢂr cꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ capiꢆal of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy. For all oꢆhꢂr pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ, Géraꢄꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ rꢂgarꢃꢂꢃ aꢁ ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ of nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Laboꢀr Law rꢂgarꢃiꢄg ꢃiꢁꢇiꢁꢁal. sarlꢀcꢅmꢇꢃꢆꢄꢂꢏ
Iꢄ a sARL, ꢆhꢂ ꢇaꢄagiꢄg ꢃirꢂcꢆor iꢁ callꢂꢃ a ‘Géꢁanꢃ’. thꢂrꢂ caꢄ bꢂ
ꢁꢂꢅꢂral Géraꢄꢆꢁ. Géraꢄꢆꢁ ꢃo ꢄoꢆ haꢅꢂ ꢆo bꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy, howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂy arꢂ appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂir rꢂꢇꢀꢄꢂraꢆioꢄ iꢁ ꢁꢂꢆ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ gꢂꢄꢂral ꢇꢂꢂꢆiꢄg. thꢂ
Géraꢄꢆ iꢁ ꢄorꢇally ꢂꢇpowꢂrꢂꢃ ꢆo carry oꢀꢆ all acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ rꢂgarꢃiꢄg
ꢆhꢂ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ will ꢁꢂꢆ oꢀꢆ aꢄy liꢇiꢆꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂir powꢂrꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢁꢀch liꢇiꢆaꢆioꢄꢁ of 3.3 Braꢄch of a forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy thꢂ opꢂꢄiꢄg of a braꢄch of a forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo prior approꢅal if ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆor iꢁ ꢄoꢆ a rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ of oꢄꢂ of ꢆhꢂ eu coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ. thꢂ ꢀlꢆiꢇaꢆꢂ approꢅal iꢁ giꢅꢂꢄ by ꢆhꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂ iꢄ which ꢆhꢂ ofﬁcꢂ iꢁ rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ. thꢂ choicꢂ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ a braꢄch aꢄꢃ a ꢁꢀbꢁiꢃiary iꢁ, howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢄoꢆ
ꢄꢂꢀꢆral froꢇ a ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ ꢁꢆaꢄꢃpoiꢄꢆ. thiꢁ iꢁ bꢂcaꢀꢁꢂ ꢄꢂꢆ iꢄcoꢇꢂ of a braꢄch iꢁ ꢃꢂꢂꢇꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ fꢀlly ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂrꢂforꢂ iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax. thꢂ forꢇaliꢆiꢂꢁ for opꢂꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ braꢄch coꢄꢁiꢁꢆ of proꢅiꢃiꢄg ꢆhꢂ
Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ wiꢆh ꢆwo cꢂrꢆiﬁꢂꢃ ꢆraꢄꢁlaꢆioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂꢆailꢁ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ braꢄch maꢄagꢂr.
3.4 Accoꢀꢄꢆiꢄg a)ꢀannualꢀaꢊꢊounts b)ꢀꢀaꢊꢊountinꢍꢀreꢊordsꢀandꢀauditꢀ requireꢋents thꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄcial yꢂar of a coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ ꢄorꢇally 12 ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ. thiꢁ pꢂrioꢃ, howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢇay bꢂ ꢂiꢆhꢂr ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢃꢂꢃ or ꢁhorꢆꢂꢄꢂꢃ, ꢂꢁpꢂcially ꢃꢀriꢄg
ꢆhꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ ﬁꢄaꢄcial pꢂrioꢃ. thꢂ cloꢁiꢄg ꢃaꢆꢂ iꢁ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ
Coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ.
(ꢎ.1)ꢀ accꢅꢔꢆꢐꢄꢆgꢀꢁꢂcꢅꢁꢒꢏ
Accorꢃiꢄg ꢆo Frꢂꢄch coꢇpaꢄy law, ꢂꢅꢂry coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ ꢆo kꢂꢂp a cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of accoꢀꢄꢆiꢄg bookꢁ. thꢂꢁꢂ coꢄꢁiꢁꢆ of: each coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ ꢆo prꢂparꢂ a yꢂarly balaꢄcꢂ ꢁhꢂꢂꢆ aꢄꢃ a proﬁꢆ aꢄꢃ loꢁꢁ accoꢀꢄꢆ, which ꢇꢀꢁꢆ giꢅꢂ a ꢆrꢀꢂ aꢄꢃ fair ꢅiꢂw of ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy’ꢁ ꢁiꢆꢀaꢆioꢄ. thꢂꢁꢂ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ ﬁlꢂꢃ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ tax Aꢀꢆhoriꢆiꢂꢁ wiꢆhiꢄ foꢀr ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ of ꢆhꢂ cloꢁiꢄg ꢃaꢆꢂ. thꢂ aꢄꢄꢀal gꢂꢄꢂral ꢇꢂꢂꢆiꢄg which iꢁ ꢆo approꢅꢂ ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ hꢂlꢃ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢁix ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ afꢆꢂr cloꢁꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄcial yꢂar.
(ꢎ.2)ꢀ ‘Jꢅꢔꢁꢆꢃꢈꢀꢍéꢆéꢁꢃꢈ’ thꢂ Gꢂꢄꢂral Joꢀrꢄal (Journal Général) which ꢁhoꢀlꢃ haꢅꢂ prꢂ-
ꢄꢀꢇbꢂrꢂꢃ pagꢂꢁ iꢄiꢆiallꢂꢃ by a jꢀꢃgꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ. thiꢁ book ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ ꢀꢁꢂꢃ ꢆo rꢂcorꢃ all opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ pꢂrforꢇꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy oꢄ a ꢃaily baꢁiꢁ or rꢂcoꢄcilꢂ ꢆhꢂ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ oꢄ a ꢇoꢄꢆhly baꢁiꢁ, proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂrꢂ arꢂ oꢆhꢂr ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢁꢀpporꢆiꢄg ꢆhꢂ
ꢇoꢄꢆhly ﬁgꢀrꢂꢁ. two copiꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ approꢅꢂꢃ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ ﬁlꢂꢃ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ
Coꢇꢇꢂrcial Coꢀrꢆ wiꢆhiꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢄꢆh followiꢄg ꢆhꢂir approꢅal. thꢂ
ꢃirꢂcꢆor of a coꢇpaꢄy iꢁ rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁiblꢂ for ꢆhꢂ prꢂparaꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ iꢄ rꢂꢁpꢂcꢆ of ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂir coꢇpliaꢄcꢂ wiꢆh local rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
35 COmPAnY LAW ReQuIRements coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ fairꢄꢂꢁꢁ aꢄꢃ accꢀracy of ꢆhꢂ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ. thꢂy
ꢁhoꢀlꢃ alꢁo giꢅꢂ ꢆhꢂir opiꢄioꢄ coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢁꢆaꢆꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ which arꢂ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ rꢂporꢆ which iꢁ prꢂparꢂꢃ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ yꢂar-ꢂꢄꢃ by ꢆhꢂ boarꢃ of ꢃirꢂcꢆorꢁ (‘Conseil d’Administration’) coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ laꢁꢆ yꢂar accoꢀꢄꢆiꢄg pꢂrioꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ proꢁpꢂcꢆꢁ for
ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂw ﬁꢄaꢄcial yꢂar.
(ꢎ.3)ꢀ aꢀꢎꢃꢈꢃꢆcꢂꢀꢏhꢂꢂꢐꢀꢎꢅꢅkꢀ(Livre d’inventaire) thꢂ balaꢄcꢂ ꢁhꢂꢂꢆ book (Livre d’inventaire) ꢁhoꢀlꢃ haꢅꢂ prꢂ-
ꢄꢀꢇꢂbꢂrꢂꢃ pagꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ bꢂ iꢄiꢆiallꢂꢃ by a jꢀꢃgꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Coꢇꢇꢂrcial
Coꢀrꢆ.
(ꢎ.4)ꢀ aꢀꢇꢃyꢁꢅꢈꢈꢀꢎꢅꢅk
All ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ bookꢁ ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ kꢂpꢆ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy for aꢆ lꢂaꢁꢆ 10 yꢂarꢁ. Opꢂraꢆioꢄꢁ caꢄ bꢂ rꢂcorꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ forꢂigꢄ laꢄgꢀagꢂꢁ, bꢀꢆ iꢄ
ꢁꢀch a caꢁꢂ, ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy ꢇay bꢂ obligꢂꢃ ꢆo proꢅiꢃꢂ a cꢂrꢆiﬁꢂꢃ
ꢆraꢄꢁlaꢆioꢄ.
If ꢆraꢄꢁacꢆioꢄꢁ haꢅꢂ bꢂꢂꢄ coꢄꢃꢀcꢆꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy aꢄꢃ
ꢁoꢇꢂ of iꢆꢁ dirꢂcꢆorꢁ or ꢇaiꢄ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ, ꢆhꢂ sꢆaꢆꢀꢆory Aꢀꢃiꢆor
ꢁhoꢀlꢃ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂ ꢄoꢆicꢂ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Conseil d’Administration aꢄꢃ iꢁꢁꢀꢂ a ꢁpꢂcial rꢂporꢆ. thꢂy ꢁhoꢀlꢃ ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢁpꢂcꢆiꢅꢂ righꢆꢁ aꢇoꢄg ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ arꢂ ꢇaiꢄꢆaiꢄꢂꢃ. thꢂ sꢆaꢆꢀꢆory Aꢀꢃiꢆor ꢇay alꢁo haꢅꢂ ꢆo ꢇakꢂ rꢂporꢆꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ of acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢇꢂrgꢂrꢁ, aꢄ iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂ or ꢃꢂcrꢂaꢁꢂ of ꢁharꢂ capiꢆal, aꢄꢃ chaꢄgꢂ of coꢇpaꢄy
ꢆypꢂ. thiꢁ rꢂporꢆ iꢁ ꢆo bꢂ ꢇaꢃꢂ aꢅailablꢂ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ for coꢇꢇꢂꢄꢆ bꢂforꢂ bꢂiꢄg ꢁꢀbꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Gꢂꢄꢂral mꢂꢂꢆiꢄg for approꢅal.
A sA aꢄꢃ sAs ꢇꢀꢁꢆ haꢅꢂ a ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢆory aꢀꢃiꢆor (Coꢇꢇiꢁꢁairꢂ aꢀx
Coꢇpꢆꢂꢁ). thꢂ ꢄoꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ of aꢄ aꢀꢃiꢆor iꢁ iꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ a sARL if, aꢆ
ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of aꢄy ﬁꢄaꢄcial yꢂar, ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy ꢂxcꢂꢂꢃꢁ aꢆ lꢂaꢁꢆ ꢆwo of ꢆhꢂ followiꢄg ꢆhrꢂꢂ liꢇiꢆꢁ:
ꢆoꢆal aꢁꢁꢂꢆꢁ of ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ FCPF 180 ꢇillioꢄ;
ꢆoꢆal ꢁalꢂꢁ of ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ FCPF 360 ꢇillioꢄ;
hꢂaꢃcoꢀꢄꢆ of ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ 50 ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ. thꢂ sꢆaꢆꢀꢆory Aꢀꢃiꢆor ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ a ꢇꢂꢇbꢂr of ꢆhꢂ naꢆioꢄal Aꢀꢃiꢆorꢁ
Coꢇpaꢄy (Compagnie Nationale des Commissaires aux Comptes).
Aꢁ a rꢀlꢂ, ꢆhꢂy ꢁhoꢀlꢃ bꢂ qꢀaliﬁꢂꢃ aꢁ Charꢆꢂrꢂꢃ Accoꢀꢄꢆaꢄꢆꢁ
(Experts-Comptables) or haꢅꢂ ꢂqꢀiꢅalꢂꢄꢆ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal qꢀaliﬁcaꢆioꢄꢁ. thꢂy work ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀpꢂrꢅiꢁioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ miꢄiꢁꢆry of Jꢀꢁꢆicꢂ aꢄꢃ haꢅꢂ a ꢃꢀꢆy ꢆo rꢂporꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ Pꢀblic Proꢁꢂcꢀꢆor aꢄy iꢄfracꢆioꢄ which ꢆhꢂy ꢇay bꢂcoꢇꢂ awarꢂ of iꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢇplꢂꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂir ꢃꢀꢆiꢂꢁ.
ꢊ)ꢀstatutorꢌꢀauditor thꢂ sꢆaꢆꢀꢆory Aꢀꢃiꢆor (Commissaire aux Comptes) iꢁ appoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ aꢆ
ꢆhꢂ Gꢂꢄꢂral mꢂꢂꢆiꢄg (Assemblée Générale) of ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ for a ꢁix yꢂar pꢂrioꢃ. Aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of ꢆhiꢁ pꢂrioꢃ, hꢂ ꢇay bꢂ rꢂappoiꢄꢆꢂꢃ. thꢂ ꢃꢀꢆiꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂ sꢆaꢆꢀꢆory Aꢀꢃiꢆor arꢂ ꢆo chꢂck ꢆhꢂ accoꢀꢄꢆiꢄg bookꢁ, aꢄꢃ afꢆꢂr ꢂxꢂrciꢁiꢄg ꢃꢀꢂ ꢃiligꢂꢄcꢂ, ꢆo ꢁꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂir opiꢄioꢄ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
36

ImmIGRAtIOn
4.0 neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
37 ImmIGRAtIOn
4.1 Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ
Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢁ a ꢁharꢂꢃ powꢂr bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
Frꢂꢄch rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆly ꢃꢂal wiꢆh iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ iꢁꢁꢀꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢃꢂal wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ of local
ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ aꢄꢃ work pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ. thꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆrolꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄforcꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ. sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁaꢁ wiꢆh or wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂy
ꢇꢂꢂꢆ ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ aꢄꢃ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ lꢂgal rꢂqꢀirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. nꢂꢅꢂrꢆhꢂlꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ rꢂꢇaiꢄ lꢂꢄgꢆhy aꢄꢃ coꢇplꢂx. thꢂꢀmꢅꢏꢐꢀcꢅmmꢅꢆꢈyꢀꢔꢏꢂꢒꢀvꢄꢏꢃꢏꢀꢓꢅꢁꢀnꢂꢑꢀꢊꢃꢈꢂꢒꢅꢆꢄꢃꢀꢃꢁꢂ:
shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa (ꢀp ꢆo 30 ꢃayꢁ or 90 ꢃayꢁ
ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ’ꢁ ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁhip) wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ;
shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ (ꢀp ꢆo 90 ꢃayꢁ) ꢅiꢁa wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ; aꢄꢃ dꢀꢂ ꢆo a chroꢄic ꢁkillꢁ ꢁhorꢆagꢂ iꢄ ꢅarioꢀꢁ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆriꢂꢁ iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia, forꢂigꢄ ꢁkillꢂꢃ pꢂoplꢂ caꢄ rꢂaꢃily obꢆaiꢄ ꢆꢂꢇporary shorꢆ
Loꢄg sꢆay (ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ 90 ꢃayꢁ) ꢅiꢁa wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ.
4.2 Procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ
Obꢆaiꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢂcꢂꢁꢁary nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆh or wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ iꢁ a coꢇplꢂx procꢂꢁꢁ iꢄꢅolꢅiꢄg ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢆꢂracꢆioꢄ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ
ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch sꢆaꢆꢂ Aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia (Haut Commissariat – ‘DIrAG’) aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch
Gꢂꢄꢂral Coꢄꢁꢀlaꢆꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢀꢄꢆry of rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄcꢂ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ.
For ꢂxaꢇplꢂ, Caꢄaꢃiaꢄ ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁ arꢂ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢂꢄꢆꢂr iꢄꢆo nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia for a ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ pꢂrioꢃ of 30 ꢃayꢁ oꢅꢂr a pꢂrioꢃ of ꢁix
ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ.
Plꢂaꢁꢂ ꢄoꢆꢂ ꢆhaꢆ Aꢀꢁꢆraliaꢄ ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁ arꢂ ꢄo loꢄgꢂr ꢂxꢂꢇpꢆ aꢄꢃ will haꢅꢂ ꢆo follow ꢆhꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ ꢆo apply for a shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ
ꢅiꢁa wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ.
Obꢆaiꢄiꢄg a ꢅiꢁa rꢂqꢀirꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ carꢂfꢀl aꢄꢃ rigoroꢀꢁ coꢇplꢂꢆioꢄ of ﬁlliꢄg oꢀꢆ forꢇꢁ iꢄ Frꢂꢄch, proꢅiꢃiꢄg accꢀraꢆꢂ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ appropriaꢆꢂ ꢆraꢄꢁlaꢆioꢄ iꢄꢆo Frꢂꢄch, whꢂꢄ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢃ. a)ꢀꢀsꢉortꢀstaꢌꢀbusinessꢀVisaꢀwitꢉoutꢀ worꢖꢀperꢋit
A shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢁ iꢆꢁ holꢃꢂr
ꢆo ꢅiꢁiꢆ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia for bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ pꢀrpoꢁꢂꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ aꢆꢆꢂꢄꢃaꢄcꢂ of ꢇꢂꢂꢆiꢄgꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢅiꢁiꢆiꢄg cliꢂꢄꢆꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ‘work’ iꢆꢁꢂlf iꢁ prohibiꢆꢂꢃ.
Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢆripꢁ arꢂ ꢆo bꢂ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo a ꢅꢂry ꢁhorꢆ pꢂrioꢃ of ꢆiꢇꢂ. dꢔꢂꢀꢐꢅꢀꢐhꢂꢀꢆꢔmꢎꢂꢁꢀꢅꢓꢀꢒꢅcꢔmꢂꢆꢐꢏꢀꢃꢆꢒꢀꢐhꢂꢀvꢃꢁꢄꢅꢔꢏꢀꢃꢒmꢄꢆꢄꢏꢐꢁꢃꢐꢄvꢂꢀ
ꢇꢁꢅcꢂꢏꢏꢂꢏꢀꢄꢆvꢅꢈvꢂꢒ,ꢀꢐhꢂꢀꢇꢁꢅcꢂꢏꢏꢄꢆgꢀꢐꢄmꢂꢀꢄꢏꢀꢃꢇꢇꢁꢅꢕꢄmꢃꢐꢂꢈy:
shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ: ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ
ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ’ꢁ ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁhip, oꢄꢂ ꢇoꢄꢆh ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ froꢇ ﬁliꢄg of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ; thꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ coꢇpꢂꢆꢂꢄꢆ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy ꢆo ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢄaꢆꢀrꢂ of ꢆhꢂ ꢅiꢁiꢆ
(whꢂꢆhꢂr bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢆrip or work).
shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ: oꢄꢂ ꢇoꢄꢆh
ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ froꢇ ﬁliꢄg of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ;
Loꢄg sꢆay ꢅiꢁa wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ: ꢆwo ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ froꢇ
ﬁliꢄg of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢆioꢄ. b)ꢀVisasꢀwitꢉꢀworꢖꢀperꢋit thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ aꢄꢃ Frꢂꢄch aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆioꢄꢁ arꢂ parꢆicꢀlarly caꢀꢆioꢀꢁ of pꢂoplꢂ aꢆꢆꢂꢇpiꢄg ꢆo coꢄꢃꢀcꢆ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢆhaꢆ woꢀlꢃ oꢆhꢂrwiꢁꢂ rꢂqꢀirꢂ a work pꢂrꢇiꢆ whꢂꢄ ꢆhꢂy jꢀꢁꢆ holꢃ a shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ.
Aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of ꢆhꢂ procꢂꢁꢁ, ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ will bꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ a ꢅiꢁa aꢄꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ of a ꢅiꢁa wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ for ꢁꢆayꢁ of ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ ꢁix
ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ will haꢅꢂ ꢆo apply ꢆo dIRAG for ꢆhꢂir rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ pꢂrꢇiꢆ (‘carte de séjour’) aꢁ wꢂll aꢁ ꢆhꢂir work pꢂrꢇiꢆ (‘carte de travail’) wiꢆhiꢄ ꢂighꢆ ꢃayꢁ ꢀpoꢄ ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ’ꢁ arriꢅal iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical projꢂcꢆ, ꢆhꢂ lꢂꢄgꢆhꢁ of ꢁꢆay for ꢅiꢁaꢁ wiꢆh work pꢂrꢇiꢆ arꢂ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ by Local sꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂ
Law 2002-021 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 20 sꢂpꢆꢂꢇbꢂr 2002. thꢂy ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ poꢁiꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ applicaꢄꢆ; ꢆhrꢂꢂ yꢂarꢁ for a maꢄagꢂr poꢁiꢆioꢄ rꢂꢄꢂwablꢂ for oꢄꢂ yꢂar aꢄꢃ oꢄꢂ yꢂar for a ꢄoꢄ-maꢄagꢂr poꢁiꢆioꢄ rꢂꢄꢂwablꢂ for ꢁix ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ.
Iꢆ iꢁ iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ ꢆo ꢄoꢆꢂ ꢆhaꢆ ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ pꢂrꢇiꢆꢁ ꢄꢂꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwꢂꢃ aꢄꢄꢀally. thꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwal procꢂꢁꢁ rꢂqꢀirꢂꢁ loꢃgiꢄg aꢄ applicaꢆioꢄ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ dIRAG aꢆ lꢂaꢁꢆ ꢆwo ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ prior ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢂxpiry ꢃaꢆꢂ of ꢆhꢂ pꢂrꢇiꢆ. thꢂ applicaꢄꢆ caꢄ ꢁꢆay iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory ꢃꢀriꢄg ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢄꢂwal applicaꢆioꢄ.
Oꢄ-ꢁiꢆꢂ coꢄꢆrolꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢀꢃiꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakꢂꢄ by ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ. sꢂꢅꢂrꢂ pꢂꢄalꢆiꢂꢁ iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg criꢇiꢄal pꢂꢄalꢆiꢂꢁ ꢇay apply for a brꢂach of iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ.
Ciꢆizꢂꢄꢁ of ꢇoꢁꢆ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢂꢃ coꢀꢄꢆriꢂꢁ liꢄkꢂꢃ wiꢆh Fraꢄcꢂ ꢆhroꢀgh iꢇꢇigraꢆioꢄ bilaꢆꢂral ꢆrꢂaꢆiꢂꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ Caꢄaꢃa aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ usA arꢂ
ꢂxꢂꢇpꢆ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ aboꢅꢂ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ for a shorꢆ sꢆay Bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ ꢅiꢁa wiꢆhoꢀꢆ work pꢂrꢇiꢆ. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
39 neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
40

emPLOYInG PeOPLe
5.0In neW CALedOnIA neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
41 emPLOYInG PeOPLe In neW CALedOnIA
5.1 Oꢅꢂrꢅiꢂw
Pꢀrꢁꢀaꢄꢆ ꢆo Arꢆiclꢂ 3.1.1 of ꢆhꢂ noꢀꢇéa Accorꢃ ꢆogꢂꢆhꢂr wiꢆh Arꢆiclꢂ
22 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Law, nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia haꢁ aꢀꢆhoriꢆy oꢅꢂr all
ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ coꢄcꢂrꢄiꢄg Laboꢀr law iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrriꢆory.
ꢁꢆaff locally or a forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy (rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia) which aꢁꢁigꢄꢁ iꢆꢁ owꢄ ꢁꢆaff ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ
ꢆo ꢇiꢄiꢄg or ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical projꢂcꢆꢁ. thꢂ lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢃiffꢂrꢁ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃiꢄg oꢄ whꢂꢆhꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢇployꢂr iꢁ a nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ coꢇpaꢄy ꢂꢇployiꢄg
5.2 nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ coꢇpaꢄy ꢂꢇployiꢄg ꢁꢆaff locally bꢂyoꢄꢃ 47 hoꢀrꢁ pꢂr wꢂꢂk arꢂ ꢆo bꢂ paiꢃ aꢆ a raꢆꢂ of 1.5 ꢆhꢂ a)ꢀtꢉeꢀleꢍalꢀfraꢋeworꢖ thꢂ lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork applicablꢂ ꢆo ꢂꢇployiꢄg ꢁꢆaff locally iꢁ
ꢄorꢇal hoꢀrly raꢆꢂ. proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial Coꢃꢂ (Code du Travail de la Nouvelle
prohibiꢆ work for pꢂoplꢂ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr 16 yꢂarꢁ of agꢂ, ꢄighꢆ work for yoꢀꢆh ꢀꢄꢃꢂr 18 yꢂarꢁ of agꢂ;
Caledonie) which coꢄꢁoliꢃaꢆꢂꢁ iꢄ oꢄꢂ cohꢂꢁiꢅꢂ ꢃocꢀꢇꢂꢄꢆ all
Laboꢀr rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ applicablꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ Code du
Travail de la Nouvelle Caledonie waꢁ pꢀbliꢁhꢂꢃ 1 may 2008.
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ righꢆꢁ of prꢂgꢄaꢄꢆ woꢇꢂꢄ;
coꢇply wiꢆh wꢂꢂkly rꢂꢁꢆ ꢃay;
Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ aboꢅꢂ ꢄꢂw Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial Coꢃꢂ, ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢆꢂrriꢆorial, iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆry, coꢇpaꢄy aꢄꢃ ꢁiꢆꢂ awarꢃꢁ apply ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ
ꢇay affꢂcꢆ workplacꢂ rꢂlaꢆioꢄꢁ.
proꢅiꢃꢂ aꢄꢄꢀal lꢂaꢅꢂ, which accrꢀꢂꢁ aꢆ 2.5 ꢃayꢁ pꢂr ꢇoꢄꢆh for a ꢆoꢆal of ﬁꢅꢂ wꢂꢂkꢁ pꢂr yꢂar;
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Laboꢀr day pꢀblic holiꢃay which fallꢁ oꢄ 1 may; b)ꢀꢀsuꢋꢋarꢌꢀofꢀnewꢀꢊaledonianꢀ labourꢀlawꢀrules,ꢀꢊonditionsꢀandꢀ obliꢍations moꢁꢆ of ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial Coꢃꢂ arꢂ ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆory aꢄꢃ all coꢄꢆracꢆꢀal arraꢄgꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ coꢇpliaꢄꢆ wiꢆh ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ.
coꢇply wiꢆh occꢀpaꢆioꢄal, hꢂalꢆh aꢄꢃ ꢁafꢂꢆy rꢀlꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ;
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢂxꢂrciꢁꢂ of ꢀꢄioꢄ law aꢄꢃ of ꢆhꢂ righꢆ ꢆo ꢁꢆrikꢂ;
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢆꢂrꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ ꢄoꢆicꢂ; aꢄꢃ thꢂ followiꢄg iꢁ a ꢁꢀꢇꢇary of ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ obligaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆhaꢆ
ꢂꢇployꢂrꢁ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ coꢇply wiꢆh ꢀꢄꢃꢂr nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ Laboꢀr Law:
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆory ꢆꢂrꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂꢁ.
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ ꢃaily, wꢂꢂkly aꢄꢃ ꢇoꢄꢆhly workiꢄg hoꢀrꢁ lꢂꢄgꢆh. thiꢁ iꢁ ꢁꢂꢆ aꢆ a ꢇaxiꢇꢀꢇ of 10 hoꢀrꢁ ꢃaily, 40 hoꢀrꢁ wꢂꢂkly aꢄꢃ 169 hoꢀrꢁ ꢇoꢄꢆhly. Iꢆ iꢁ poꢁꢁiblꢂ ꢆo ꢁꢂꢂk oꢅꢂrꢆiꢇꢂ ꢂxꢂꢇpꢆioꢄ froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ.
ꢊ)ꢀꢊoꢋpetentꢀadꢋinistratiVeꢀbodies
Iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ (Direction du Travail et de l’Emploi) iꢁ ꢆhꢂ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ boꢃy, which ꢁꢀpꢂrꢅiꢁꢂꢁ
ꢆhꢂ ꢇakiꢄg of Laboꢀr Law aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆꢂrꢁ iꢆꢁ applicaꢆioꢄ. noꢆwiꢆhꢁꢆaꢄꢃiꢄg ꢆhiꢁ, wiꢆh rꢂgarꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor, ꢆhꢂ Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢃꢂlꢂgaꢆꢂꢁ ꢁoꢇꢂ of iꢆꢁ coꢄꢆrol ꢆo ꢆhꢂ dImenC.
prohibiꢆ all ꢃiꢁcriꢇiꢄaꢆory acꢆioꢄꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ ꢁꢂx, racꢂ, rꢂligioꢄ aꢄꢃ prꢂgꢄaꢄcy. Aꢄy ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ ꢆhaꢆ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂ
ꢃiꢁcriꢇiꢄaꢆory proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ will bꢂ coꢄꢁiꢃꢂrꢂꢃ ꢅoiꢃ. thꢂ Orꢃiꢄaꢄcꢂ of 13 noꢅꢂꢇbꢂr 1985 aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂcrꢂꢂ of ꢆhꢂ Conseil d’Etat of 28 Jaꢄꢀary 1986 rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ coꢄꢆrol of ꢆhꢂ laboꢀr lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ rꢀlꢂꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia (iꢄꢆꢂgraꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ Arꢆiclꢂꢁ LP 711-1 et seq of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Laboꢀr Coꢃꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia) proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ for rolꢂ of Laboꢀr dꢂparꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ iꢄꢁpꢂcꢆorꢁ wiꢆh powꢂrꢁ rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo, aꢇoꢄg oꢆhꢂr ꢇaꢆꢆꢂrꢁ, iꢄꢁpꢂcꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ accꢂꢁꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ work placꢂ.
prohibiꢆ ﬁꢄꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ pꢂcꢀꢄiary ꢁaꢄcꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ. Aꢄy ﬁꢄaꢄcial pꢂꢄalꢆy proꢅiꢁioꢄ applicablꢂ ꢆo aꢄ
ꢂꢇployꢂꢂ iꢁ ꢅoiꢃ aꢄꢃ ꢇighꢆ ꢂxpoꢁꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢇployꢂr ꢆo criꢇiꢄal proꢁꢂcꢀꢆioꢄ.
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢂqꢀaliꢆy bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢇꢂꢄ aꢄꢃ woꢇꢂꢄ;
coꢇply wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ wagꢂ aꢄꢃ payꢇꢂꢄꢆ of oꢅꢂrꢆiꢇꢂ hoꢀrꢁ (ꢆhiꢁ ꢃoꢂꢁ ꢄoꢆ apply ꢆo ꢁꢂꢄior ꢂxꢂcꢀꢆiꢅꢂ poꢁiꢆioꢄꢁ). spꢂciﬁcally, hoꢀrꢁ workꢂꢃ aboꢅꢂ 39 hoꢀrꢁ pꢂr wꢂꢂk ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ paiꢃ aꢆ a raꢆꢂ of 1.25 of ꢄorꢇal hoꢀrly raꢆꢂ; hoꢀrꢁ workꢂꢃ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
43 emPLOYInG PeOPLe In neW CALedOnIA
5.3 Forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄy rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢁꢁigꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂir owꢄ ꢁꢆaff ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia thꢂ Local sꢆaꢆꢀꢆꢂ Law 2002-021 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 20 sꢂpꢆꢂꢇbꢂr 2002 aꢄꢃ wꢂꢂkly ꢃay off; wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ dꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄ 307 ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 27 Aꢀgꢀꢁꢆ 2002 (iꢄꢆꢂgraꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ
Arꢆiclꢂꢁ LP 621-1 et seq of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Laboꢀr Coꢃꢂ) ꢁꢂꢆ ꢀp ꢁpꢂciﬁc
ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ which ꢃꢂalꢆ ꢂxprꢂꢁꢁly wiꢆh coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia which coꢄꢆracꢆ or proꢅiꢃꢂ
ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg or ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical ꢁꢂcꢆorꢁ aꢄꢃ which aꢁꢁigꢄ
ꢆhꢂir owꢄ ꢁꢆaff ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
pꢀblic holiꢃayꢁ aꢄꢃ aꢄꢄꢀal lꢂaꢅꢂ;
occꢀpaꢆioꢄ hꢂaꢆh aꢄꢃ ꢁafꢂꢆy; aꢄꢃ
ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ. thiꢁ ꢁpꢂciﬁc rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄ, waꢁ pꢀꢆ iꢄ forcꢂ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ bꢂgiꢄꢄiꢄg of ꢆhꢂ
ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ of ꢆhꢂ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal ꢇiꢄiꢄg projꢂcꢆꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia
(2002). dꢂꢁpiꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ abꢁꢂꢄcꢂ of caꢁꢂ law aꢄꢃ aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ ꢄoꢆꢂꢁ iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢆhiꢁ rꢂcꢂꢄꢆ piꢂcꢂ of lꢂgiꢁlaꢆioꢄ, wꢂ caꢄ coꢄꢁiꢃꢂr
ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ ꢁlighꢆly ꢇorꢂ faꢅoꢀrablꢂ for ꢂꢇployꢂrꢁ, ꢆhaꢄ ꢆhꢂ gꢂꢄꢂral lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork applicablꢂ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ
(rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia) ꢂꢇployiꢄg ꢁꢆaff locally. thꢂꢁꢂ ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ arꢂ ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆory aꢄꢃ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ which coꢄꢆracꢆ or ꢁꢀb-coꢄꢆracꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia ꢇꢀꢁꢆ ꢂꢄꢁꢀrꢂ ꢆhaꢆ
ꢆhꢂy coꢇply wiꢆh ꢆhꢂꢇ. thiꢁ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ rꢂgarꢃlꢂꢁꢁ of ꢆhꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇꢁ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ applicablꢂ law goꢅꢂrꢄiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ. thꢂꢏꢂꢀꢁꢂgꢔꢈꢃꢐꢄꢅꢆꢏꢀꢒꢂꢃꢈꢀꢑꢄꢐh:
Forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ arꢂ rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ oꢀꢆꢁiꢃꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia which coꢄꢆracꢆ or proꢅiꢃꢂ ꢁꢂrꢅicꢂꢁ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg ꢁꢂcꢆor iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ which ꢂꢇploy ꢆhꢂir owꢄ ꢁꢆaff arꢂ gꢂꢄꢂrally ꢄoꢆ
ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ tꢂrriꢆorial or Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial awarꢃꢁ ꢆhaꢆ apply iꢄ nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄia, ꢀꢄlꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhꢂy arꢂ a ꢁigꢄaꢆory ꢆo ꢁꢀch aꢄ awarꢃ or a ꢇꢂꢇbꢂr of aꢄ orgaꢄiꢁaꢆioꢄ which iꢁ a ꢁigꢄaꢆory ꢆo ꢁꢀch aꢄ awarꢃ.
workiꢄg hoꢀrꢁ;
ꢃiꢁcriꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ; prohibiꢆioꢄ of ﬁꢄaꢄcial pꢂꢄalꢆy ꢆo ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ;
wagꢂꢁ;
workiꢄg coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄ for woꢇꢂꢄ, chilꢃrꢂꢄ, aꢄꢃ yoꢀꢆh;
5.4 diffꢂrꢂꢄꢆ ꢆypꢂꢁ of ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ uꢁꢀally, coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ hirꢂ ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ by ꢁigꢄiꢄg a Pꢂrꢇaꢄꢂꢄꢆ eꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ Coꢄꢆracꢆ (Contrat a Duree Indeterminee) kꢄowꢄ aꢁ a ‘CdI’. thiꢁ ꢀꢁꢀal ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ caꢄ oꢄly bꢂ ꢆꢂrꢇiꢄaꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ rꢂꢁꢆricꢆꢂꢃ ꢁiꢆꢀaꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢄ accorꢃaꢄcꢂ wiꢆh ꢇaꢄꢃaꢆory law aꢄꢃ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ.
Iꢄ ꢂxcꢂpꢆioꢄal aꢄꢃ ꢁpꢂciﬁc circꢀꢇꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ coꢄꢃiꢆioꢄꢁ, coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ pꢂrꢇiꢆꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢀꢁꢂ a ﬁxꢂꢃ ꢆꢂrꢇ coꢄꢆracꢆ (‘Contrat a Duree Determinee’) (CDD), or ꢆꢂꢇporary ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆ kꢄowꢄ aꢁ a (‘Contrat de travail temporaire’) (Ctt) ꢆo hirꢂ
ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ.
Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢁcopꢂ of ꢇiꢄiꢄg aꢄꢃ coꢄꢁꢆrꢀcꢆioꢄ projꢂcꢆꢁ, a ꢇorꢂ aꢃapꢆꢂꢃ
ꢆypꢂ of ꢂꢇployꢇꢂꢄꢆ coꢄꢆracꢆ haꢁ bꢂꢂꢄ ꢃꢂꢅiꢁꢂꢃ, ꢆhꢂ Pꢂrꢇaꢄꢂꢄꢆ
Projꢂcꢆ Coꢄꢆracꢆ (‘Contrat a duree indeterminee de Chantier’). thiꢁ
ꢆypꢂ of coꢄꢆracꢆ haꢁ a ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢁꢆaꢆꢀꢁ whꢂrꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢇployꢂꢂ iꢁ hirꢂꢃ for a pꢂrꢇaꢄꢂꢄꢆ pꢂrioꢃ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo a phaꢁꢂ of a parꢆicꢀalr projꢂcꢆ or
ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ ꢃꢀraꢆioꢄ. Iꢄꢃꢂꢂꢃ ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ Pꢂrꢇaꢄꢂꢄꢆ Projꢂcꢆ Coꢄꢆracꢆꢁ
ꢄꢂꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ appropriaꢆꢂly ꢃrafꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo allow ꢇorꢂ ﬂꢂxibiliꢆy iꢄ rꢂlaꢆioꢄ
ꢆo ꢆꢂrꢇiꢄaꢆioꢄ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ or aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢄꢃ of a phaꢁꢂ of ꢆhꢂ projꢂcꢆ.
Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial rꢂgꢀlaꢆioꢄꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢇia arꢂ gꢂꢄꢂrally ꢇorꢂ
ꢁꢆriꢄgꢂꢄꢆ for ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢇployꢂr ꢆhaꢄ iꢄ Coꢇꢇoꢄ Law jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ Aꢀꢁꢆralia, usA or Caꢄaꢃa. Bꢂcaꢀꢁꢂ of ꢆhiꢁ lꢂgal proꢆꢂcꢆioꢄ
ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ will ꢄoꢆ hꢂꢁiꢆaꢆꢂ ꢆo ꢁꢂꢂk ꢃaꢇagꢂꢁ bꢂforꢂ ꢆhꢂ Laboꢀr
Coꢀrꢆꢁ (Tribunal du Travail) iꢄ caꢁꢂ of irrꢂgꢀlar or ꢀꢄfair ꢃiꢁꢇiꢁꢁal. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
44 emPLOYInG PeOPLe In neW CALedOnIA
5.5 Iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial or ꢁiꢆꢂ awarꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ
ꢀꢄioꢄ ꢂꢄꢅiroꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ
sYndICAt des COmmeRCAnts neGOCIAnts nC; a)ꢀindustrialꢀawards thꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ dꢂlibꢂraꢆioꢄ no. 277 of 23 aꢄꢃ 24 Fꢂbrꢀary 1988 rꢂlaꢆiꢄg ꢆo iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial awarꢃꢁ ꢁꢂꢆꢁ oꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ lꢂgal fraꢇꢂwork of iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial or ꢁiꢆꢂ awarꢃꢁ (ꢁiꢆꢂ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ, profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal or iꢄꢆꢂrprofꢂꢁꢁioꢄal awarꢃꢁ) by coꢇplꢂꢆiꢄg Orꢃiꢄaꢄcꢂ no.85-1181
(iꢄꢆꢂgraꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ Arꢆiclꢂꢁ LP331-1 et seq of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Laboꢀr Coꢃꢂ). thiꢁ ꢆꢂxꢆ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ a fraꢇꢂwork for ꢄꢂgoꢆiaꢆioꢄꢁ, applicaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ
ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢁioꢄ of iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial awarꢃꢁ.
sYndICAt des FOnCtIOnnAIRes;
sYndICAt des enseIGnAnts PuBLICs de nOuveLLe
CALedOnIe;
(sLuA) syNDICAt LIbrE uNItE ACtION;
syNDICAts DEs trAvAILLEurs DE DEmAIN;
(usOENC) uNION syNDICALE DEs OuvrIErs Et
Iꢆ iꢁ iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ ꢆo ꢄoꢆꢂ ꢆhaꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, aꢁ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ caꢁꢂ iꢄ
Fraꢄcꢂ, iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial awarꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ, workꢂrꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢂꢇployꢂrꢁ arꢂ parꢆ of laboꢀr law. Iꢆ iꢁ
ꢆhꢂrꢂforꢂ iꢇporꢆaꢄꢆ ꢆo chꢂck ꢆhꢂ applicabiliꢆy of ꢁꢀch awarꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ agrꢂꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢆo forꢂigꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ ꢁꢂꢄꢃiꢄg ꢆhꢂir ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ ꢆo work iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
EmpLOyEs DE NOuvELLE CALEDONIE; aꢄꢃ
(ustkE) uNION syNDICALE DEs trAvAILLEurs kANAks Et
DEs ExpLOItEs. eꢇployꢂꢂ ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ caꢄ crꢂaꢆꢂ ꢀꢄioꢄ ꢁꢂcꢆioꢄꢁ, aꢄꢃ ꢄaꢇꢂ rꢂprꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆaꢆiꢅꢂꢁ iꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ of ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ ﬁfꢆy ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ. b)ꢀunionꢀaꢊtiVitꢌ
ꢊ)ꢀindustrialꢀdisputesꢀandꢀstriꢖes
Arꢆiclꢂ 78 of ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch Coꢄꢁꢆiꢆꢀꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ Orꢃoꢄꢄaꢄcꢂ no. 85-1181
ꢂꢄꢆrꢂꢄch ꢆhꢂ righꢆ of ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ ꢆo ꢁꢆrikꢂ (iꢄꢆꢂgraꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ Arꢆiclꢂꢁ LP
371-1 et seq of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Laboꢀr Coꢃꢂ). thꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢀꢄioꢄ ꢁcꢂꢄꢂ haꢁ bꢂcoꢇꢂ qꢀiꢆꢂ acꢆiꢅꢂ iꢄ rꢂcꢂꢄꢆ yꢂarꢁ. thꢂrꢂ arꢂ approxiꢇaꢆꢂly 10 ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ of ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆ iꢄﬂꢀꢂꢄcꢂ. thꢂꢁꢂ ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ arꢂ prꢂꢃoꢇiꢄaꢄꢆly coꢇpoꢁꢂꢃ of local
ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ (a ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr bꢂiꢄg braꢄchꢂꢁ of Frꢂꢄch ꢇꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ). eꢇployꢂꢂꢁ wiꢁhiꢄg ꢆo ꢁꢆarꢆ a ꢁꢆrikꢂ ꢇꢀꢁꢆ apply for a forꢇal ꢄoꢆicꢂ
(préavis) of aꢆ lꢂaꢁꢆ ﬁꢅꢂ ꢃayꢁ bꢂforꢂ aꢄy iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂ. thꢂ nꢂw Laboꢀr Coꢃꢂ proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ a coꢄciliaꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ ꢇꢂꢃiaꢆioꢄ procꢂꢃꢀrꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ arꢂa of iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂꢁ. Iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢂꢅꢂꢄꢆ of a parꢆicꢀlarly hoꢁꢆilꢂ ꢃiꢁpꢀꢆꢂ ꢁꢀch aꢁ ꢆhꢂ obꢁꢆrꢀcꢆioꢄ of a work ꢁiꢆꢂ, ꢂꢇployꢂrꢁ caꢄ ꢀꢁꢂ ꢂxpꢀlꢁioꢄ ꢁꢀꢇꢇary procꢂꢂꢃiꢄgꢁ by rꢂfꢂrriꢄg ꢆo ꢆhꢂ tribꢀꢄal of Firꢁꢆ Iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ. Iꢄ ꢁꢀch a caꢁꢂ, if ꢆhꢂ blockiꢄg ꢁiꢆꢀaꢆioꢄ iꢁ rꢂcorꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Jꢀꢃgꢂ, ꢆhꢂ coꢀrꢆ will bꢂ ablꢂ ꢆo aꢀꢆhoriꢁꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢀꢁꢂ of pꢀblic forcꢂ iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo ꢂxpꢀlꢁꢂ ꢁꢆrikꢂrꢁ. thꢂ followiꢄg ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ arꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia,
ꢆhoꢁꢂ highꢆlighꢆꢂꢃ iꢄ bolꢃ arꢂ ꢀꢄioꢄꢁ wꢂll ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg
ꢁꢂcꢆor:
CONfEDErAtION syNDICALE DEs trAvAILLEurs DE
NOuvELLE CALEDONIE;
(Fsu-nC) FedeRAtIOn sYndICALe unItAIRe de nOuveLLe
CALedOnIe;
(CGt FO) FORCe OuvRIeRe;
(uCR FO) FORCe OuvRIeRe;
(sAOeP) sYndICAt AGents OuvRIeRs enseIGnement
PRIve;
sYndICAt nAtIOnAL de L’enseIGnement teCHnIQue
AutOnOme et ACtIOn; neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
45 neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
46 OveRvIeW OF tHe neW
6.0CALedOnIAn tAX sYstem neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
47 OveRvIeW OF tHe neW CALedOnIAn tAX sYstem
Arꢆiclꢂ 22 of ꢆhꢂ Orgaꢄic Acꢆ ꢃaꢆꢂꢃ 19 march 1999 rꢂꢁꢂrꢅꢂꢁ ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ for ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢆꢂrriꢆory. Iꢄ ꢆhiꢁ ꢇaꢆꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ Coꢄgrꢂꢁꢁ haꢁ fꢀll lꢂgiꢁlaꢆiꢅꢂ powꢂr. Pꢂrꢁoꢄal iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax waꢁ iꢄꢆroꢃꢀcꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄ 1982 aꢄꢃ corporaꢆꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax waꢁ iꢄꢆroꢃꢀcꢂꢃ iꢄ 1979.
6.1 Pꢂrꢁoꢄal iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax (impôt sur le revenu des personnes physiques) a)ꢀliabilitꢌꢀtoꢀinꢊoꢋeꢀtax e)ꢀꢀꢊoꢋꢋerꢊialꢀandꢀindustrialꢀ inꢊoꢋeꢀ(béꢄéfꢂCꢃꢅ ꢂꢄdꢉꢅtꢀꢂꢃꢆꢅ ꢃt
CꢈMMꢃꢀCꢂꢁꢉx)
Rꢂꢅꢂꢄꢀꢂꢁ ariꢁiꢄg froꢇ a bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ or iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢀꢄꢃꢂrꢆakiꢄg carriꢂꢃ oꢄ by aꢄ iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀal or a rꢂgiꢁꢆꢂrꢂꢃ coꢇpaꢄy ꢁꢀch aꢁ a Société en Nom Collectif which iꢁ ꢆaxꢂꢃ aꢁ parꢆꢄꢂrꢁhipꢁ arꢂ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ coꢇꢇꢂrcial aꢄꢃ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial iꢄcoꢇꢂ caꢆꢂgory.
‘Iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀal tax Rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ’ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia, whꢂꢆhꢂr of Frꢂꢄch or forꢂigꢄ ꢄaꢆioꢄaliꢆy, arꢂ liablꢂ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax oꢄ ꢆhꢂir worlꢃwiꢃꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢂxcꢂpꢆ whꢂꢄ ꢃoꢀblꢂ ꢆax ꢆrꢂaꢆiꢂꢁ arꢂ applicablꢂ.
‘nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ tax noꢄ-Rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ’ arꢂ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo ꢆax oꢄ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢃꢂriꢅꢂꢃ froꢇ wiꢆhiꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia oꢄly. thꢂ followiꢄg arꢂ coꢄꢁiꢃꢂrꢂꢃ aꢁ ‘nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ tax Rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ’: f)ꢀꢀaꢍriꢊulturalꢀinꢊoꢋeꢀ(béꢄéfꢂCꢃꢅ
ꢁꢊꢀꢂCꢈꢆꢃꢅ) taxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ iꢁ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ oꢄ a ꢄaꢆioꢄal baꢁiꢁ, ꢂqꢀal ꢆo 1/16 of ꢆhꢂ rꢂꢅꢂꢄꢀꢂꢁ of ꢆhꢂꢁꢂ acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, farꢇꢂrꢁ caꢄ alwayꢁ
ꢂlꢂcꢆ for a ꢁyꢁꢆꢂꢇ baꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ acꢆꢀal ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ, aꢁ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ for coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ.
Iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ haꢅiꢄg ꢆhꢂir hoꢀꢁꢂholꢃ or ꢆhꢂir ꢇaiꢄ liꢅiꢄg placꢂ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia;
Iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ carryiꢄg oꢄ ꢆhꢂir ꢇaiꢄ profꢂꢁꢁioꢄ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia; aꢄꢃ
Iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ haꢅiꢄg ꢆhꢂir ꢇaiꢄ ﬁꢄaꢄcial/ꢂcoꢄoꢇic iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
ꢍ)ꢀꢀnon-ꢊoꢋꢋerꢊialꢀinꢊoꢋeꢀ(béꢄéfꢂCꢃꢅ
ꢄꢈꢄ CꢈMMꢃꢀCꢂꢁꢉx)
Pꢂrꢁoꢄal iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax iꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ oꢄ ꢆhꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ of ꢆhꢂ faꢇily groꢀp iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg hꢀꢁbaꢄꢃ, wifꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ chilꢃrꢂꢄ (foyer ﬁscal) for
ꢂach ﬁꢄaꢄcial yꢂar (1 Jaꢄꢀary ꢆo 31 dꢂcꢂꢇbꢂr). thꢂ ꢄoꢄ-coꢇꢇꢂrcial iꢄcoꢇꢂ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢁ ꢆo fꢂꢂꢁ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ by pꢂoplꢂ who, ꢀꢄꢃꢂr ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch law, arꢂ ꢄoꢆ carryiꢄg oꢄ a coꢇꢇꢂrcial acꢆiꢅiꢆy (for ꢂxaꢇplꢂ, ꢃocꢆorꢁ, accoꢀꢄꢆaꢄꢆꢁ, archiꢆꢂcꢆꢁ ꢂꢆc). uꢄꢃꢂr
ꢆhiꢁ caꢆꢂgory, iꢄcoꢇꢂ caꢄ bꢂ ꢃꢂꢆꢂrꢇiꢄꢂꢃ ꢂiꢆhꢂr oꢄ a forfꢂiꢆ baꢁiꢁ of 2/3 of fꢂꢂꢁ whꢂꢄ ꢀꢄꢃꢂr 7 500 000 XPF, or aꢄ acꢆꢀal iꢄcoꢇꢂ baꢁiꢁ, whꢂꢄ aboꢅꢂ ꢆhiꢁ liꢇiꢆ. b)ꢀtaxableꢀinꢊoꢋe thꢂ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ worlꢃwiꢃꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ of a nꢂw
Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ tax Rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢁoꢇꢂ forꢂigꢄ ꢁoꢀrcꢂꢁ rꢂꢅꢂꢄꢀꢂꢁ alrꢂaꢃy ꢆaxꢂꢃ abroaꢃ ꢇay crꢂaꢆꢂ ꢆax crꢂꢃiꢆ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. thꢂ
ꢆoꢆal ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆoꢆal of ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ iꢄ ꢂach caꢆꢂgory aꢁ ꢃꢂﬁꢄꢂꢃ bꢂlow.
ꢉ)ꢀꢀdiVidendsꢀandꢀinterestꢀ(ꢀꢃvꢃꢄꢉꢅ dꢃ
Cꢁꢇꢂtꢁꢉx Mꢈbꢂꢆꢂꢃꢀꢅ)
ꢊ)ꢀꢀwaꢍes,ꢀsalariesꢀandꢀpensionsꢀ
(tꢀꢁꢂtꢃMꢃꢄtꢅ, ꢅꢁꢆꢁꢂꢀꢃꢅ ꢃt ꢇꢃꢄꢅꢂꢈꢄꢅ) thiꢁ caꢆꢂgory iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ wagꢂꢁ, ꢆhꢂ ꢁalariꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ bꢂꢄꢂﬁꢆꢁ iꢄ rꢂꢁpꢂcꢆ of hoꢀꢁiꢄg aꢄꢃ ꢇoꢆor ꢅꢂhiclꢂꢁ proꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by aꢄ ꢂꢇployꢂr aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ pꢂꢄꢁioꢄꢁ. A ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ of 10% for profꢂꢁꢁioꢄal ꢂxpꢂꢄꢁꢂꢁ iꢁ aꢅailablꢂ bꢀꢆ iꢁ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ ꢆo 800 000 XPF pꢂr yꢂar. Fꢀrꢆhꢂrꢇorꢂ, a ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ of 20% iꢁ coꢇpꢀꢆꢂꢃ afꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ 10 % ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ (liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ
ꢆo 1 900 000 XPF). rꢂꢏꢄꢒꢂꢆꢐꢏ diꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ froꢇ rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆꢁ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ froꢇ baꢄk ꢃꢂpoꢁiꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢄoꢆ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ. thꢂy arꢂ oꢄly ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo a wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax of 13.25% for ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ
8% for iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ oꢄ ꢃꢂpoꢁiꢆ accoꢀꢄꢆꢁ which iꢁ paiꢃ ꢃirꢂcꢆly by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy or ꢆhꢂ baꢄk. diꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ by a rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ froꢇ ꢄoꢄ-rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢃ iꢄ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢄꢂꢆ of oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax. d)ꢀꢀrealꢀestateꢀinꢊoꢋeꢀ
(ꢀꢃvꢃꢄꢉꢅ fꢈꢄCꢂꢃꢀꢅ) nꢅꢆ-ꢁꢂꢏꢄꢒꢂꢆꢐꢏ
Iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ paiꢃ ꢆo ꢄoꢄ-rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ by nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ arꢂ, thꢂ rꢂal ꢂꢁꢆaꢆꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ iꢄclꢀꢃꢂꢁ rꢂꢄꢆꢁ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ for laꢄꢃꢁ aꢄꢃ bꢀilꢃiꢄgꢁ ꢇiꢄꢀꢁ rꢂlaꢆꢂꢃ ꢂxpꢂꢄꢁꢂꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆ chargꢂꢁ, work ꢂxpꢂꢄꢁꢂꢁ. Iꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄ, a ꢄoꢇiꢄal ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ of 15% of groꢁꢁ rꢂꢄꢆꢁ rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ oꢄ ꢀrbaꢄ rꢂal ꢂꢁꢆaꢆꢂ aꢄꢃ 10% oꢄ rꢀral rꢂal ꢂꢁꢆaꢆꢂ iꢁ allowꢂꢃ ꢆo coꢅꢂr aꢃꢇiꢄiꢁꢆraꢆiꢅꢂ ꢂxpꢂꢄꢁꢂꢁ, iꢄꢁꢀraꢄcꢂ aꢄꢃ
ꢃꢂprꢂciaꢆioꢄ. aꢆ prꢂꢁꢂꢄꢆ, ꢄoꢆ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo aꢄy local wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax. diꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ paiꢃ ꢆo ꢄoꢄ-rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo a wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax of 13.25%. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
49 OveRvIeW OF tHe neW CALedOnIAn tAX sYstem thꢂ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢁꢀꢇ of ꢂach ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ caꢆꢂgory afꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆioꢄ of ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢂxpꢂꢄꢁꢂꢁ borꢄꢂ by nꢂw-Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ ꢁꢀch arꢂ ꢁharꢂ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ, loaꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrꢂꢁꢆꢁ, wagꢂꢁ for hoꢀꢁꢂ ꢂꢇployꢂꢂꢁ, rꢂꢆirꢂꢇꢂꢄꢆ plaꢄꢁ, lifꢂ iꢄꢁꢀraꢄcꢂ prꢂꢇiꢀꢇꢁ,
ꢃoꢄaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆo chariꢆy, ꢆo a cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢂxꢆꢂꢄꢆ. thꢂꢄ, ꢆhꢂ progrꢂꢁꢁiꢅꢂ ꢁcalꢂ (ﬁꢅꢂ raꢆꢂꢁ for ﬁꢅꢂ ꢆax brackꢂꢆꢁ) of ꢆhꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax iꢁ appliꢂꢃ ꢆo ꢆhꢂ global ꢄꢂꢆ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ
ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of ꢆhꢂ faꢇily ꢁharꢂꢁ. thꢂrꢂforꢂ, ꢆhꢂ ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of ꢆhꢂ faꢇily’ꢁ
ꢇꢂꢇbꢂrꢁ iꢁ ꢆakꢂꢄ iꢄꢆo accoꢀꢄꢆ for aꢁꢁꢂꢁꢁiꢄg ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄal ꢆax liabiliꢆy. thꢂ ﬁꢄal ꢆax liabiliꢆy ꢂqꢀalꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢆoꢆal of ꢆhꢂ ꢆax liabiliꢆy applicablꢂ ꢆo
ꢂach ꢁharꢂ. thꢂ rꢂꢁꢀlꢆ iꢁ, ꢆhꢂrꢂforꢂ, ꢆo ꢁigꢄiﬁcaꢄꢆly liꢇiꢆ ꢆhꢂ iꢇpacꢆ of ꢆhꢂ graꢃꢀaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ raꢆꢂꢁ. i)ꢀ ꢊalꢊulationꢀofꢀinꢊoꢋeꢀtaxꢀliabilitꢌ
Iꢄ orꢃꢂr ꢆo calcꢀlaꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax liabiliꢆy, a ꢄꢀꢇbꢂr of ꢁharꢂꢁ
(‘parꢆꢁ’) arꢂ ꢂꢁꢆabliꢁhꢂꢃ for ꢆhꢂ faꢇily. For ꢂxaꢇplꢂ, a ꢁiꢄglꢂ pꢂrꢁoꢄ iꢁ ꢂꢄꢆiꢆlꢂꢃ ꢆo oꢄꢂ ꢁharꢂ, a ꢇarriꢂꢃ coꢀplꢂ ꢆo ꢆwo ꢁharꢂꢁ aꢄꢃ a ꢃꢂpꢂꢄꢃꢂꢄꢆ chilꢃ giꢅꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ righꢆ ꢆo a half ꢁharꢂ.
6.2 Corporaꢆꢂ ꢆax (impôt sur les sociétés)
XPF aꢄꢃ whoꢁꢂ capiꢆal iꢁ ꢂꢄꢆirꢂly paiꢃ for aꢄꢃ aꢆ lꢂaꢁꢆ 75% iꢁ hꢂlꢃ a)ꢀsꢊope by ꢄaꢆꢀral pꢂoplꢂ. Iꢄ ꢆhiꢁ caꢁꢂ a rꢂꢃꢀcꢂꢃ raꢆꢂ of 15% will bꢂ appliꢂꢃ
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ iꢄꢁꢆalꢇꢂꢄꢆ of 5 ꢇillioꢄ XPF of ꢆhꢂ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ for ꢂach
12-ꢇoꢄꢆh pꢂrioꢃ. thꢂꢀcꢅꢁꢇꢅꢁꢃꢐꢂꢀꢄꢆcꢅmꢂꢀꢐꢃꢕꢀcꢅꢆcꢂꢁꢆꢏ:
ꢆhꢂ pꢀblic liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ coꢇpaꢄy (‘sociéꢆé Aꢄoꢄyꢇꢂ’);
ꢆhꢂ ꢁiꢇpliﬁꢂꢃ joiꢄꢆ ꢁꢆock coꢇpaꢄy (‘sociéꢆé par Acꢆioꢄꢁ siꢇpliﬁéꢂ’); thꢂrꢂ iꢁ aꢄ aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄal ꢁoliꢃariꢆy coꢄꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ (Contribution
Additionnelle de Solidarite) (CsA) payablꢂ for aꢄy proﬁꢆꢁ aboꢅꢂ 200
ꢇillioꢄ XPF aꢁ follow:
ꢆhꢂ liꢇiꢆꢂꢃ liabiliꢆy coꢇpaꢄy (‘sociéꢆé à Rꢂꢁpoꢄꢁabiliꢆé
Liꢇiꢆéꢂ’) ;
Bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 200 aꢄꢃ 300 ꢇillioꢄ XPF: 5%;
Bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ 300 aꢄꢃ 400 ꢇillioꢄ XPF: 10%;
Aboꢅꢂ 400 ꢇillioꢄ XPF: 15%.
profꢂꢁꢁioꢄalꢁ ꢁꢀch aꢁ lawyꢂrꢁ, ꢃocꢆorꢁ or accoꢀꢄꢆaꢄꢆꢁ who carry oꢄ ꢆhꢂir acꢆiꢅiꢆy wiꢆhiꢄ a coꢇꢇꢂrcial coꢇpaꢄy;
ꢆhꢂ parꢆꢄꢂrꢁhipꢁ which carry oꢄ a coꢇꢇꢂrcial acꢆiꢅiꢆy; aꢄꢃ thꢂ CsA iꢁ ꢃꢀꢂ aꢆ ꢆhꢂ ꢁaꢇꢂ ꢆiꢇꢂ aꢁ ꢆhꢂ Corporaꢆꢂ tax.
aꢄy coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ which carry oꢄ a ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical or a ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆy. thꢂ ꢆax coꢃꢂ iꢇpoꢁꢂꢁ a ꢇiꢄiꢇꢀꢇ aꢄꢄꢀal ꢆax oꢄ corporaꢆꢂ
ꢆaxpayꢂrꢁ which iꢁ ꢃiꢁꢆiꢄcꢆ froꢇ coꢇpaꢄy ꢆax aꢄꢃ payablꢂ bꢂforꢂ
31 may. b)ꢀꢊorporateꢀtaxꢀliabilitꢌ thꢂ ꢆaxablꢂ proﬁꢆꢁ arꢂ ꢆhoꢁꢂ ꢂarꢄꢂꢃ ꢃꢀriꢄg ꢆhꢂ ﬁꢄaꢄcial yꢂar of 12 ꢇoꢄꢆhꢁ. Iꢆ iꢁ gꢂꢄꢂrally froꢇ 1 Jaꢄꢀary ꢆo 31 dꢂcꢂꢇbꢂr, alꢆhoꢀgh
ꢆhꢂ ꢆaxpayꢂr ꢇighꢆ chooꢁꢂ aꢄoꢆhꢂr yꢂar ꢂꢄꢃ, whꢂꢄ iꢆ iꢁ ꢇorꢂ appropriaꢆꢂ ꢆo hiꢁ bꢀꢁiꢄꢂꢁꢁ.
ꢊ)ꢀꢀdiVidendsꢀtaxationꢀ(ꢂMꢇôt ꢅꢉꢀ ꢆꢃ
ꢀꢃvꢃꢄꢉ dꢃꢅ vꢁꢆꢃꢉꢀꢅ Mꢈbꢂꢆꢂꢋꢀꢃꢅꢀorꢀ
ꢂꢀvM) thꢂ ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ ꢆo ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ iꢁ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax aꢆ ꢆhꢂ raꢆꢂ of 13.25%. thiꢁ wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax appliꢂꢁ ꢆo ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ
ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ by all ꢆypꢂꢁ of coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ. thiꢁ ꢆax appliꢂꢁ oꢄ all proﬁꢆꢁ thꢂ corporaꢆꢂ ꢆax raꢆꢂ iꢁ 30%, ꢂxcꢂpꢆ for ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical aꢄꢃ ꢇiꢄiꢄg acꢆiꢅiꢆiꢂꢁ which arꢂ ꢁꢀbjꢂcꢆ ꢆo a 35% raꢆꢂ. A rꢂꢃꢀcꢂꢃ raꢆꢂ iꢁ applicablꢂ for coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ wiꢆh a ꢆꢀrꢄoꢅꢂr of lꢂꢁꢁ ꢆhaꢄ 200 ꢇillioꢄ neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
50 OveRvIeW OF tHe neW CALedOnIAn tAX sYstem
ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆꢂꢃ, whꢂꢆhꢂr ꢆo iꢄꢃiꢅiꢃꢀalꢁ or coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ, or whꢂꢆhꢂr ꢆo rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ or ꢄoꢄ-rꢂꢁiꢃꢂꢄꢆꢁ (wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ ꢂxcꢂpꢆioꢄ of a Fraꢄcꢂ-baꢁꢂꢃ coꢇpaꢄy, whꢂrꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢃoꢀblꢂ ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ ꢆrꢂaꢆy ꢁꢆaꢆꢂꢁ ꢆhaꢆ a raꢆꢂ of 5% iꢁ applicablꢂ for ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ paiꢃ ꢆo aꢄoꢆhꢂr Frꢂꢄch coꢇpaꢄy).
Whꢂrꢂ ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂr iꢁ a coꢇpaꢄy, aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy ꢇakꢂꢁ iꢆꢁ owꢄ ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ, ꢆhiꢁ ꢆax ꢇay bꢂ ꢄoꢆ payablꢂ for ꢆhꢂ porꢆioꢄ of proﬁꢆꢁ which corrꢂꢁpoꢄꢃꢁ ꢆo ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ iꢄiꢆially rꢂcꢂiꢅꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy aꢄꢃ whꢂrꢂ wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax haꢁ alrꢂaꢃy bꢂꢂꢄ paiꢃ oꢄcꢂ.
ꢆhꢂ ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢆhꢂ ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ. thꢂ wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax ꢇꢀꢁꢆ bꢂ paiꢃ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy ꢆo ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢆax ofﬁcꢂ ꢄo laꢆꢂr ꢆhaꢄ 30
ꢃayꢁ afꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ ꢃiꢁꢆribꢀꢆioꢄ of ꢃiꢅiꢃꢂꢄꢃꢁ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂrꢁ caꢄ pay ꢆhꢂ wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax ꢃirꢂcꢆly ꢆo ꢆhꢂ ꢆax ofﬁcꢂ.
Aꢁ ꢆhiꢁ ꢁꢆagꢂ, a ꢃoꢀblꢂ ꢆaxaꢆioꢄ ꢆrꢂaꢆy haꢁ oꢄly bꢂꢂꢄ ꢁigꢄꢂꢃ bꢂꢆwꢂꢂꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ Fraꢄcꢂ. Howꢂꢅꢂr, ꢆhꢂ wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg
ꢆax ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ ꢇay allow ꢆhꢂ ꢁharꢂholꢃꢂr iꢄ cꢂrꢆaiꢄ jꢀriꢁꢃicꢆioꢄ
ꢆo claiꢇ a Forꢂigꢄ tax Crꢂꢃiꢆ (‘FtC’) aꢄꢃ offꢁꢂꢆ ꢆhiꢁ FtC froꢇ iꢆꢁ corporaꢆꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ ꢆax.
A wiꢆhholꢃiꢄg ꢆax ꢃꢂclaraꢆioꢄ will ꢄꢂꢂꢃ ꢆo bꢂ ꢁꢂꢄꢆ by ꢆhꢂ coꢇpaꢄy
ꢆo ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ ꢆax ofﬁcꢂ afꢆꢂr ꢆhꢂ boarꢃ ꢇꢂꢂꢆiꢄg ꢃꢂciꢃiꢄg
6.3 tax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ thꢂ ꢇiꢄiꢄg coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ ꢇay bꢂꢄꢂﬁꢆ froꢇ ꢅarioꢀꢁ ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ for ꢇiꢄiꢄg/ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ projꢂcꢆꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia oꢄ ꢆhꢂ baꢁiꢁ of ꢆhꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄiaꢄ tax Coꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch mꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ tax Coꢃꢂ. thꢂ ꢇoꢁꢆ ꢆax ꢂfﬁciꢂꢄꢆ ꢁchꢂꢇꢂꢁ arꢂ:
Oꢆhꢂr ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ (ꢇaiꢄly ꢃirꢂcꢆ ꢆax ꢂxꢂꢇpꢆioꢄꢁ aꢄꢃ a ꢆax
ꢁꢆabiliꢁaꢆioꢄ rꢂgiꢇꢂ) coꢄcꢂrꢄ boꢆh ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of ꢄꢂw ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical procꢂꢁꢁiꢄg plaꢄꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ crꢂaꢆioꢄ of aꢃꢃiꢆioꢄal ꢂqꢀipꢇꢂꢄꢆ ꢄꢂꢂꢃꢂꢃ
ꢆo opꢂraꢆꢂ ꢆhꢂ plaꢄꢆꢁ by ꢄoꢄ-ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ. thꢂ Law alꢁo proꢅiꢃꢂꢁ ꢁpꢂciﬁc ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ for ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical procꢂꢁꢁiꢄg plaꢄꢆꢁ. uꢄꢃꢂr cꢂrꢆaiꢄ circꢀꢇꢁꢆaꢄcꢂꢁ fꢀll ꢆax ꢂxꢂꢇpꢆioꢄ ꢇay bꢂ graꢄꢆꢂꢃ for a pꢂrioꢃ of ꢀp ꢆo 10 yꢂarꢁ, aꢄꢃ ꢇay iꢄ ꢁoꢇꢂ caꢁꢂꢁ iꢄcrꢂaꢁꢂ ꢆo 15 yꢂarꢁ.
ꢆhꢂ ꢁpꢂciﬁc mꢂꢆropoliꢆaꢄ tax Coꢃꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ focꢀꢁ oꢄ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ iꢄ Frꢂꢄch oꢅꢂrꢁꢂaꢁ ꢆꢂrriꢆoriꢂꢁ. For iꢄꢁꢆaꢄcꢂ, ꢆhꢂ proꢅiꢁioꢄꢁ rꢂꢁꢀlꢆiꢄg froꢇ ꢆhꢂ Loi Girarꢃiꢄ no 2003 - 660 of 21 Jꢀly 2003 proꢅiꢃꢂ for ꢆax
ꢃꢂꢃꢀcꢆioꢄꢁ froꢇ ꢆaxablꢂ iꢄcoꢇꢂ for coꢇpaꢄiꢂꢁ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆiꢄg iꢄ cꢂrꢆaiꢄ iꢄꢃꢀꢁꢆrial ꢁꢂcꢆorꢁ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia; aꢄꢃ
ꢆhꢂ Law (Loi du Pays) no 001-009 of 17 Jꢀly 2001, which rꢂlaꢆꢂꢁ
ꢆo cꢂrꢆaiꢄ ꢇꢂꢆallꢀrgical iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆꢁ aꢄꢃ haꢁ iꢄꢆroꢃꢀcꢂꢃ ꢄꢂw ꢆax iꢄcꢂꢄꢆiꢅꢂꢁ iꢄ ꢆhꢂ ﬁrꢁꢆ Parꢆ of ꢆhꢂ tax Coꢃꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. neW CALedOnIA Investment GuIde
51 Aboꢀꢆ Joꢄꢂꢁ day traciꢄg iꢆꢁ origiꢄ back ꢆo 1893, Joꢄꢂꢁ day iꢁ aꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrꢄaꢆioꢄal law
ﬁrꢇ wiꢆh 32 locaꢆioꢄꢁ ꢆhroꢀghoꢀꢆ ꢆhꢂ worlꢃ. Wiꢆh ꢇorꢂ ꢆhaꢄ 2,400 lawyꢂrꢁ, iꢄclꢀꢃiꢄg ꢄꢂarly 400 iꢄ eꢀropꢂ aꢄꢃ 250 iꢄ ꢆhꢂ Aꢁia/
Paciﬁc, Joꢄꢂꢁ day raꢄkꢁ aꢇoꢄg ꢆhꢂ worlꢃ’ꢁ largꢂꢁꢆ aꢄꢃ ꢇoꢁꢆ gꢂographically ꢃiꢅꢂrꢁꢂ law ﬁrꢇꢁ.
Joꢄꢂꢁ day haꢁ a ꢃꢂꢃicaꢆꢂꢃ ꢆꢂaꢇ of Frꢂꢄch-qꢀaliﬁꢂꢃ lawyꢂrꢁ baꢁꢂꢃ iꢄ syꢃꢄꢂy, ꢀꢁiꢄg ꢆhꢂir iꢄ-ꢃꢂpꢆh kꢄowlꢂꢃgꢂ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia joiꢄꢆly wiꢆh ꢆhꢂ Joꢄꢂꢁ day Pariꢁ Ofﬁcꢂ ꢆo bꢂꢁꢆ ꢁꢂrꢅꢂ cliꢂꢄꢆꢁ iꢄꢅolꢅꢂꢃ iꢄ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia projꢂcꢆꢁ. maꢃꢀieꢄ hanaꢄꢃ paꢁꢃneꢁ fꢁançoiꢂe Laꢉꢁoꢄꢂꢂe paꢁꢃneꢁ mꢂꢇbꢂr of ꢆhꢂ Pariꢁ Bar mꢂꢇbꢂr of ꢆhꢂ Pariꢁ Bar
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Aboꢀꢆ AdeCAL
AdeCAL iꢁ ꢆhꢂ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic ꢃꢂꢅꢂlopꢇꢂꢄꢆ agꢂꢄcy of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia. Iꢆ acꢆꢁ aꢁ aꢄ iꢄꢆꢂrfacꢂ, aꢄꢃ a coꢄꢁꢀlꢆaꢆiꢅꢂ aꢄꢃ coorꢃiꢄaꢆioꢄ boꢃy, ꢆo accoꢇpaꢄy ꢄꢂw acꢆioꢄ aꢄꢃ projꢂcꢆꢁ of bꢂꢄꢂﬁꢆ ꢆo nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
Iꢆ iꢁ ꢇaiꢄly fꢀꢄꢃꢂꢃ by ꢆhꢂ Frꢂꢄch Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ, ꢆhꢂ Goꢅꢂrꢄꢇꢂꢄꢆ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia aꢄꢃ ꢆhꢂ ꢆhrꢂꢂ Proꢅiꢄcꢂꢁ of nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia.
AdeCAL’ꢁ ꢇiꢁꢁioꢄ iꢁ ꢆo proꢇoꢆꢂ nꢂw Calꢂꢃoꢄia’ꢁ ꢂcoꢄoꢇic poꢆꢂꢄꢆial aꢄꢃ proꢇoꢆꢂ iꢄwarꢃ iꢄꢅꢂꢁꢆꢇꢂꢄꢆ. Iꢆ iꢁ alꢁo iꢄ chargꢂ of ꢂxꢆꢂrꢄal ꢆraꢃꢂ aꢄꢃ rꢂgioꢄal coopꢂraꢆioꢄ. Laꢁꢆly, iꢆ ꢇaꢄagꢂꢁ ꢆhꢂ
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