Nelson Mandela Round-Up

NELSON MANDELA – ROUND-UP (I)

Read through the book again and write down the main events that happened on the following dates:

a)18th July 1918: he was born in Qunu

b)1939: he went to Fort Hare College to study Law

c)1943:

d)1944:

e)1952 (2 important events): the Defiance Campaign began; Nelson finished his studies and became a lawyer

f)1956: Mandela was arrested in his house in Orlando West and taken to the Fort (Johannesburg prison)

g)March 21st 1960: the PAC organized a protest against the laws and people walked into the police station without passes; the Sharpeville Massacre

h)1961 (2 important events): Chief Luthuli received the Nobel Peace Prize; B. J. Vorster became Minister of Justice

i)August 5th 1962: Mandela was arrested when driving from Durban back to Johannesburg (he had to start living in hiding)

j)1963: Rivonia Trial begins

k)June 11th 1964: all the accused were found guilty except Lionel Bernstein

l)1975: Mandela’s daughter Zindzi visits her father in prison; Bram Fischer was released because he was very ill and he died shortly after

m)1985: President P. Botha offered Mandela his freedom if he stopped using violence and Mandela refused

n)February 2nd 1990: ANC prisoners were released

o)February 11th 1990: Mandela was released

p)1993: Oliver Tambo died; Mandela and De Klerk were given the Nobel Peace Prize

q)May 9th 1994: first democratic elections in South Africa; the ANC wins by 66%

r)1999: Mandela spoke for the last time in Parliament; next elections in South Africa won by Thabo Mbeki

s)2004: Mandela retired from public life

NELSON MANDELA READER – ROUND-UP (II)

Who’s who? Match the people with the descriptions.

NELSON MANDELA READER – ROUND-UP (III)

Put the events in the correct order.

NELSON MANDELA READER – REVISION

1. Who were these people?

a)Walter Sisulu: it was a friend of Nelson’s who helped him to find a job as a lawyer. He was arrested together with Mandela because they were both at Lilliesleaf Farm.

b)Desmond Tutu: he was an Archbishop who fought for South African’s freedom and won the Nobel Peace Prize. He was the leader of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

c)Chief Jongintaba: he was the king of the Thembu people and Mandela’s uncle. He wanted to organise an arranged marriage for Nelson and his cousin Justice.

d)F.W. de Klerk: he became president of South Africa in 1989 and he won the Nobel Prize together with Mandela in 1993. He released political prisoners including Nelson Mandela.

e)P.H. Botha: he was the president of South Africa before F.W. de Klerk and offered Mandela his freedom if he stopped using violence.

f)Daniel Malan: he was the ideologist behind Apartheid and the leader of the Afrikaner National Party.

1. What were these places and things?

a)The Spear of the Nation: it was the common name for the MK (Umkhonto we Siswe), which was the armed wing of the ANC. Its objective was to attack government buildings.

b)The Sharpeville Massacre: it was a massacre in which 69 people were killed and 186 wounded by the police when they went to a police station without their passes to protest against the Apartheid laws. It took place on 21st March 1960.

c)ANC: it was a political party founded by four African lawyers to fight against apartheid and for black people’s rights. ANC stands for African National Congress.

d)Robben Island: it was the prison where Mandela and other political prisoners spend 27 years of their lives living in terrible conditions. It was known as “the university” because in their free time prisoners were allowed to study.

e)Lilliesleaf Farm: it was the place where the members of the MK met to plan their sabotage actions. This was where Mandela and Sisulu were arrested.

f)The 46664 Campaign: this was a campaign organised to help the people with AIDS organised in 2003. The number is Mandela’s number as prisoner. To raise money for this campaign, concerts with famous stars were organised.

g)Victor Verster Prison: this was the prison where Mandela went after being on Robben Island. Here the living conditions were better and Mandela could see his family and celebrate his birthday here for the first time. He was released from this prison in 1990.

h)Long Walk to Freedom: this was the title of Mandela’s memoirs, the book he started writing on Robben Island.

i)Children’s Fund: this was an organisation Mandela founded in 2002 to collect money for children with AIDS or whose parents had AIDS.

j)Truth and Reconciliation Commission: it was a commission whose leader was Desmond Tutu. Its objective was for criminals and victims to forgive each other for the Apartheid crimes. It was thought to heal old wounds so blacks and white could reconcile.

1. Can you define the following words?

a)to discuss: to debate, to talk about your opinions

b)to lift a sanction: to re-legalise

c)to request: to ask for s/t

d)to release: to set free

e)a crowd: a large number of people together

f)to join an organisation: to become a member

g)to seem: to give the impression, to look like

h)to notice: to realise, become aware

i)to attempt: to make an effort, to try

j)to bury: to put underground in a hole; e.g. bury a dead person (the act is called a “burial”)

k)to report: to inform the police about an illegal act

l)to give up: to put an end to something; to stop trying to do something