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S.4 BIOLOGY 1 553/1
2013
2 HOURS 30 MINUTES
Instructions to Candidates.
Answer all the questions in Section A and B,plus two questions in section C.
Answers to section A and B must be written in the spaces provided.
SECTION A
1. Which of the following would result in a lower rate of heart beat?
A. secretion of adrenaline into the blood stream
B. anaerobic respiration
C. blood oxygen content becoming high and carbondioxide low
D. oxygen content in the blood becoming lower than the carbondioxide content.
2 At which stage of Mitosis do the chromosomes get aligned at the equator ?
A, prophase
B, metaphase
C, anaphase
D. telophase
3. 200 cm³ of water was added to 160 cm³ of soil and stirred. The resultant mixture was 340 cm³. The percentage of air in the soil was______%
A.5.6
B.5.9
C.10.0
D.12.5
4. Moisture availability on a respiratory surface is important in
A. Diffusion distance reduction for gases
B. Easy carriage of the diffused gases.
C. Facilitation of the diffusion process
D. Surface area increment
5. Which of the following is an adaptation of a leaf for photosynthesis?
A. Absence of chloroplasts in the epidermal cells.
B. Large air spaces in the spongy mesophyll layer.
C. Presence of hairs on the leaf.
D. Thick cuticle
6.Asexual reproduction in rhizopus is by
A. sporulation
B. binary fission
C budding
D.fragmentation
7. Which of the following is a tissue?
A. Muscle
B. the skeleton
C. stomach
D. leucocyte
8. Which of the following is not a member of the class insecta'?
A. butterfly
B. wasp
C. caterpillar
D. tick
9.How does euglena normally feed?
A. feeding on other living things.
B, making its own food.
C. feeding on dead organic matter.
D. feeding on already made food
10.Which one of the following is not a main function of roots?
A. Conduct water and mineral salt
B. absorb water and mineral salt
C. store food
D. anchor the plant firmly into the soil
11.Which one of the following characteristics is common to all dicot leaves?
They have
A. serrated margin
B. reticulate venation
C. laminas divided into leaflets
D. cordate shape
12.What is the magnification of an object which has a linear dimension of
12 cm and an image of linear dimension of 24 cm.?
A. 0.5
B. 2
C .12
D. 24
13.A spider belongs to class
A. insecta
B. arachnida
C. Crustacea
D. diplopoda
14.Which of the following is the correct order when describing a biological experiment:
A. Apparatus and materials, aim, conclusion, procedure, observation.
B. Aim, Apparatus and materials, observation, procedure, and conclusion.
C. Aim, apparatus and materials, procedure, observation, conclusion
D. Aim, apparatus and materials, procedure, conclusion. ,observation,
15.Which of the following organisms carries out intracellular digestion?
A.Mould.
B.Tapeworm.
C.Octopus
D.Paramecium
16.Photosynthesis is said to have a pair of raw materials, a pair of conditions and a pair of
products. Which of these is the correct set respectively?.
A. Carbon dioxide and water, light and chlorophyll, oxygen and sugars.
B. Light and chlorophyll, carbondioxide and sugars, water and oxygen.
C. Water and light, carbondioxide and chlorophyll, oxygen and sugars.
D. Carbondioxide and light, water and chlorophyll, oxygen and sugars.
17.The rapid elongation of the hypocotyl during germination causes:
A. Delay in emergency of photosynthetic leaves.
B. Cotyledons to grow above the ground.
C. Early emergence of photosynthetic leaves.
D. Cotyledons to remain below the ground.
18.Which one of the following blood vessels transports blood rich in nutrients to the liver.
A. Hepatic portal vein.
B. Mesenteric artery.
C. Hepatic vein.
D. Hepatic artery.
19. Which of the following is the main growth stage of Musca domestica?
A. Larva.
B. Pupa.
C. Adult.
D. Egg
20.Which one of the following sets consists of substances that are stored in the liver?
A. Glucose, Iron and Vitamin D.
B. Iron, glycogen and Vitamin
C. Glucose, glycogen and vitamin D.
D. Iron, glycogen and amino acids.
21. To identify substance Y, a student performed the following experiment:
i) Heated Y with Benedict's solution and the solution remained blue.
ii) Heated Y with hydrochloric acid, cooled, added sodium hydroxide, benedict's, then
heated again and the solution turned from blue to orange. From the observations, the
most likely food substance in Y is:
A. Starch
B. Maltose
C. Sucrose
D. Glucose
22.Which of the following bacteria is responsible for nitrogen fixation?
A. Azotobacter.
B. Nitrobacter.
C. Nitrosomonas.
D. Staphylococcus
23.Which of the following is a characteristic of a soil with low capillarity.
A. Poor water retention.
B. Poor drainage.
C. Poor aeration.
D. Small particles.
24.Which of the following insects do not live in colonies?
A.Butterflies
B.Termites
C.Ants
D.Wasps
25;A plant species has a root cell with 24 chromosomes.The number of chromosomes in the egg cell are______.
A.12
B.24
C.36
D.48
26.Which one of the following groups of organisms in the same ecosystem is likely to have the greatest number of individuals?
A.Primary consumers.
B.Secondary consumers.
C. Tertiary consumers.
D. Primary producers.
27.What is the probability of producing a haemophiliac child if a carrier woman and a normal man marry?______%
A.25
B.50
C.75
D.100
28.A low concentration of ______hormone leads to a miscarriage in pregnancy.
A.Luteinising
B.Follicle stimulating
C.Oestrogen.
D.Progesterone.
29. Which of the following happens when a torch is shone directly into a
person's eye
A. Lens bulges, allowing in less light.
B. Iris muscles relax, enlargening the pupil.
C. Iris muscles contract, narrowing the pupil
D. Lens flattens, diverging the light rays.
30. When the biceps contracts
A. the arm is straightened
B. the hand is pulled closer to the shoulder
C. the arm is raised
D. the hand is straightened
SECTION B
31.The table below shows the changes in the dry weight of seedlings during the first 6 week of germination.
Time(weeks) / 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6Dry weight(g) / 75 / 50 / 38 / 25 / 40 / 80 / 150
A i) Plot this information as a graph in the space below.(8 marks)
ii) With reference to the graph describe the change in dry weight over the period of 6 weeks. (2 marks)
iii) Explain the change in dry weight.( 2 marks)
iv) On the same graph draw another graph if fresh weight was considered.Label the two graphs to differentiate them.( 1 mark).
v) Explain why the graph appears as it is shown.(1 mark)
b) Why is it advantageous to measure growth of an organism using fresh weight instead of dry weight?(1 mark)
c)Why is it disadvantageous to measure growth of an organism using fresh weight instead of dry weight?(1 mark)
d) What other two methods apart from use of weight can be used to measure the growth of a plant?(1 mark)
e) i) Suggest three factors that can affect the growth of a plant.(1 ½ Marks)
ii) For each of the factors mentioned, state one of its roles in the growth of a plant. .(1 ½ Marks)
32.The structure below is found within the human alimentary canal
a) Name i) the structure…………………………………( 01mark)
ii) Name the parts labeled ( 01 ½ marks)
1………………………………….
2…………………………………..
3………………………………..
Name three materials transported in structure labeled 2( 01 ½ marks)
……………………………………………..
………………………………………………..
……………………………………………….
b) Explain how the features shown in the figure enable the structure to function efficiently( 04 marks)
c)State four differences between the materials in structure 2 and 3 in the above figure. ( 02 marks)
33.a)Give the definition of the term Mitosis. ( 01mark)
b)What is the significance of:
i) Mitosis in living organisms? ( 03 marks)
ii) Meiosis in living organisms? ( 02 marks)
c) Differentiate between Mitosis and Meiosis. ( 04 marks)
SECTION C
34.a) What is meant by the term enzyme? (02 marks)
b).Describe an experiment to show the action of Saliva on cooked starch. (13 marks)
35.Describe the menstrual cycle in man. (15 marks)
36. a)Define the term locomotion. (01 mark)
b) Give a detailed description of the mechanism of flight in insects. (10 marks)
c) What makes an insect are suited for flight. (04 marks)
37.a)i)With an example define what active immunity is? (03marks)
ii) With an example define what passive immunity is? (03marks)
b)How does the human body defend itself from disease causing germs. (09 marks)
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