Metallurgy:TheScienceofMetals
Description
This activity plan provides basicinformationonmetallurgy, which is the scienceofunderstandingthephysical properties ofmetals. Metals canbedivided into threecategories:non-ferrous, ferrousandprecious/pure.Thepurpose of thisplanistoexplore metals and givestudents a foundationalunderstandingofwhatmetalsaremadeofandhowtheyareclassified.
Students willlearnthecategories of metals, properties and characteristics. MaterialIdentificationwillhelpthemtoquickly identify metalsandtheirvariousshapes.
Itissuggestedtocompletethis activity prior toMaterialsIdentification.
LessonObjectives
The student willbeableto:
•Understandthe basics ofthe field ofmetallurgy
•Discuss thesimilaritiesanddifferences between thecategories of metals
•Identifyprocessesfor metals
•Discuss theproperties of metals
•Identifycommonmetalsfoundinthe metalshop
Assumptions
Theteacher should:
•understand the basics ofmaterial science
•understandtheproperties of metal
•understandhowmetalsare classified
Terminology
Alloy:amixtureofmetals/elementsthatcreatesnewmetalswithdifferentcharacteristicsAluminum:ametallicelementthatissilvery/blueincolour,lightweightandeasytofabricateBasematerial/element:
Brass:a yellow alloy thatismadewithcopperandzinc
Bronze:ayellow/brownalloy thatismadewithcopperandtin
Carbon:anaturallyoccurringnon-metalelementusedinmetals
Copper:anaturallyoccurringred/brownmetalthatisductileandconductsheatwell
Skills Exploration10–121
Element:asubstancethatcannotbebrokendownanyfurther. Composedofatomsthatcontainthesameatomicnumber
Ferrous:ametalthatcontainsironasitsbasematerial
Gold:apreciousmetalthatisyellowincolour,resistanttochemicalsandverymalleable
Iron:aheavytypeofmetal,usedintheproductionofsteel
Lead:asoft,malleablegreyelement
Metallurgy:abranchofscienceandtechnologyconcernedwiththepropertiesofmetals,theirproductionandpurification
Molecule:agroupoftwoormoreatomsthatlinktogether
Nickel:asilverywhitemetal,hardandresistanttocorrosion
Non-ferrous:anon-magneticmetalthatdoesnotcontainironasitsbasematerial
Pewter:an alloycomposedof90%tinandamixofcopperand antimony
Precious:ahighlyvaluedobjectorsubstance.Inthislesson,usedtodescribevaluablemetalslike goldand silver
Properties:inrelationtometal,characteristicsanddescriptionstohelpidentifymaterials
Pure:amaterialcontainingonlyoneelement
Silver:shiny,grey metalthatisanexcellent conductorandisresistanttocorrosion Stainlesssteel:analloythatcontainschromiumtoensure themetalisresistanttocorrosionSteel:aniron-basedalloy thatisveryhardandstrong.Usedheavily inmanufacturing
Tin:asoft,very shinymetalusedintheproductionof alloys;strongresistancetocorrosion;non-toxic
Zinc:abasemetalusedintheproductionof alloys,knownforitsresistancetocorrosion
EstimatedTime
30–90minutes
RecommendedNumberofStudents
20, basedontheBCTechnology Educators’Best PracticeGuide
Facilities
Metalshop or classroom environment
2SkillsExploration10–12
Tools
•Computer andprojector
•PowerPointpresentation
Materials
•Pieces of a variety ofmetals for visual andtactile examples
•Notes printedfrom the PowerPoint presentationas ahandout for students
Resources
•ModernMetalworking, textbook byJohnR.Walker, copyright 2004,Goodheart-WilcoxCompanyInc.
Teacher-ledActivity
Usingthe PowerPoint presentationonmetals, present the background informationonthesciencebehind metals, known as metallurgy.
Haveaclass discussion that includesthefollowing topics:
•Discuss thesimilaritiesanddifferences between thecategories of metals
•Identifyprocessesfor metals
•Discuss theproperties of metals
•Identifycommonmetalsfoundinthe metalshop
Evaluation
Consider co-creatingthe evaluation criteriawith yourstudents atthebeginningoftheactivity/project. You maywanttoincludethe following:
•Students areactivelyengagedinclass discussion.
Skills Exploration10–123