Medical English Practice test

1. The combining form of tears is

A: blephar/o B: hidr/o C: dacry/o D: aque/o

2. Myopia is

A: farsightedness B: nearsightedness C: astigmatism D: anisometropia

3. Condition in which hard new bone develops around the oval window is

A: perforated tympanic membrane

B: preauricular node

C: meatal atresia

D: otosclerosis

4. Excessive mucal secretion from bronchial mucous membranes

A: bronchorraphy B: bronchorrhagia C: bronchospasm D: bronchorrhea

5. Discomfort in breathing that is relieved by sitting or standing

A: bradypnea B: orthopnea C: tachypnea D: dyspnea

6. A sheet of fibrous connective tissue separating and binding together muscles, organs, and other soft

structures all over the body is referred to as

A: fascia B: elastic tissue C: collagenous tissue D: loose connective tissue

7. A muscle ring that is responsible for expansion and contraction around orifices such as the anus is

A: cardia B: sphincter C: isthmus D: fascia transversalis

8. The perirenal fat surrounds the

A: the calyces and blood vessels B: the hilus C: the pelvis D: the kidney

9. The pylorus is the ______part of the pyloric portion

A: distal B: proximal C: transverse D: external

10. The valve between the small intestine and the large intestine is called

A: caecorectal B: pyloric C: jejunocaecal D: ileocaecal

11. Insulin is secreted by the pancreas when

A: blood sugar level is high B: blood sugar level is low

C: glucagon is secreted D: the gallbladder secretes bile

12. Water retention that may lead to edema is related to a hypersecretion of

A: aldosterone B: cortisone C: thyroxin D: follicle stimulating hormone

13. In a strict sense, the posterior pituitary is not an endocrine gland because it

A: has a rich blood supply B: does not make hormones

C: Is not near the brain D: contains ducts

14. The part of the ear which detects changes in both motion and posture is the

A: interoreceptors B: vestibular system C: ciliary muscles D: incus

15. The stiffening or immobility of a joint resulting from disease, trauma, surgery or bone fusion is

A: paraplegia B: hunch back C: ankylosis D: spondylitis

16. A furrow that accommodates soft structures such as a blood vessel, nerve or tendon is

A: meatus B: groove C: foramen D: fossa

17. The combining form of ankle bone is

A: carp/o B: tars/o C: rachi/o D: ten/o

18. A partition or dividing wall within an anatomical structure is referred to as

A: septum B: valve C: cusp D: flap

19.Histiocytes may move about in the tissue, removing cell “remains” from the tissue spaces. “Remain” means

A: loss B: sheath C: additives D: debris

20. Arterial walls have three

A: bursae B: pouches C: tunicae D: lumens

21. Growth by active division of cell is called

A: proliferation B: polycythaenia C: hyperextension D; polymorphism

22. Any dry condition is referred to as

A: ichtyosis B: necrosis C: keratosis D: xerosis

23. A fluid-filled sac that contains pus or lymph is a

A: pustule B: bulla C: blister D: suppuration

24. A gland that arises from the walls of hair follicles is called

A: sudoriferous gland B: sweat gland C: arrector pili D: sebaceous gland

25. Cracks in the skin are referred to as

A: erosions B: ulcers C: fissures D: plaques

26. A knoblike vascular indentation of the bottom of the hair follicle is a/an

A: root B: shaft C: papilla D: lunula

27. Excessive sweating is

A: sebosis B: hidrosis C: hydrosis D: sudoroma

28. Some melanomas occur below the fingernail and they are referred to as

A: subonychosis B: sublunula C: subungual D: subaxillary

29. A small dark spot or lump on someone’s skin is a

A: lentigo B: mole C: freckle D: lesion

30. Prophylaxis means

A: a surgical procedure B: preventive treatment C: a special treatment D: removal of a part

31. Which cellular layer of the epidermis is the only one capable of producing new cells ?

A: stratum corneum B: stratum germinativum C: stratum lucidum D: stratum granulosum

32. Epithelium is a type of

A: contracting tissue B: lining tissue C: secreting tissue D: conducting tissue

33. The canal of the spinal cord widens out when it reaches the brain to form a system of

A: fossas B: ventricles C: orbits D: sockets

34. A membrane that is attached to the intestines and holds them in place is

A: omentum B: peritoneum C: mesentery D: perineum

35. The opening into the duodenum from the common bile duct is called the

A: hepatopancreatic ampulla B: cystic duct C: ampulla of Vater D: hepatic duct

36. The cuspid tooth is also known as the

A: canine B: wisdom C: central incisor D: molar

37. The process of joining two surfaces along a line in the stomach is referred to as

A: gastropexy B: gastroclasia C: gastrorrhaphy D: gastrostomy

38. Parenteral administration of medicine means

A: through the mouth B: through the intestines C: intubation D: none of them

39: Smooth muscle fibers on either side of the uterine cervix and the rectum is

A: myouterorectal muscle B: cervicorectal muscle

C: uterorectal muscle D: myorectouterocervical muscle

40. Cirrhosis is

A: cancerous tumor in the liver B: cancerous tumor in a viscus

C: tumor in any organ in the abdomen D: tumor in the liver

41. Improper meeting of teeth and jaws is

A: malocculusion B: dysdentation C: maldentation D: dysgingivosis

42. Calculi in the salivary gland is

A: linguolith B: glossolith C: sialolithiasis D: sialosis

43. A word that means under one of the pelvic bone is

A: supraischial B: subpubic C: intrapubic D: externaliliac

44. The fascia of the cheek and the pharynx is named as the ______fascia

A: nasopharyngeal B: glossopharyngeal C: buccopharyngeal D: laryngopharyngeal

45. Removal of a fingernail is

A: epidermoid B: keratoma C: diaphoresis D: onychectomy

46. ______administration of drugs is not a method of parenteral administration

A: intramuscular B: subcutaneous C: intradermal D: oral

47. A disorder in which there is an increase in the number of red blood cell is

A: thrombocytopenia B: polycythemia C: cyanemia D: leukocytosis

48. insufficient blood flow to an area is termed

A: infarction B: ischemia C: cardiomyopathy D: carditis

49. Effusion of fluid into the air spaces and tissue spaces of the lungs is called

A: pleuropneumonia B: pneumonitis C: pulmonary edema D: pulmonary insufficiency

50. How does the distal tubule compare with the proximal tubule ?

A: the distal tubule is farther from the glomerulus

B: the distal tubule is farther from the renal pelvis

C: the distal tubule is nearer the Bowman’s capsule

D: the distal tubule is farther from the renal artery

51. Hypertrophy of any organ is referred to as

A: splenomegaly B: megalogastria C: visceromegaly D: viscerogenic

52. Radiography of a blood vessel is

A: vasography B: vasogram C: vasorrhaphy D: vasoscopy

53. Diverticulum is reffered to as

A: a furrow B: a pouch C: a duct D: a fossa

54. Inflammation of the eye is

A: omphalitis B: otitis C: otitics D: ophthalmitis

55. Congenital absence of the teeth is called

A: anodontia B: macrodontia C: microdontia D: maldontia

56. Inflammation of the tissue around the large intestine is

A: perichondritis B: pericolitis C: perienteritis D: pericystitis

57. Pertaining to only one side is

A: dorsoventral B: unilateral C: biconcave D: medial

58. Presence of blood in the urine is

A: hematuria B: uremia C: urinrrhagia D: uremesis

59. Normal contraction of the heart is

A: eusystole B: euthanasia C: eudiastole D: eurrhythmia

60. The combining form of gum is

A: cheil/o B: bucc/o C: gingiv/o D: dent/o

61. The membrane which encases and supports the tooth is the

A: cementum B: enamel C: bone D: periodontal membrane

62. Incision of a salivary gland is

A: sialoadenotomy B: sialoadenectomy C: sialoadenostomy D: sialoadenorrhexis

63. A form of part that is folded or coiled such as the one in the nephron is reffered to as

A: oblique B: bent C: curved D: convoluted

64. Which word does not mean an “opening” ?

A: orifice B: meatus C: crest D: foramen

65. Find a synonym to “branching of blood vessels”

A: anastomosis B: ramification C: vagotomy D: hiatus

66. A film of mucus and bacteria on the surface of the tooth

A: dental plaque B: dental ridge C: dental lamina D: dental sac

67. A lymphoid tissue growth located at the back of the nose in the upper part of the throat

A: tonsils B: adenoids C: adenohypophysis D: nodules

68. Weakening, damage or deterioration, especially as a result of injury or disease is

A: impairment B: impediment C: impedance D: innervation

69. Pertaining to the large intestine

A: enteric B: colic C: gastric D: sigmoid

70. The wave like muscular contractions of tubular structures that propel the contents onward is referred to as

A: peristalsis B: periostasis C: periectasis D: peritasis

71. The superficial layer of the skin is known as the epidermis, the deeper layer is known as

A: the subcutaneous B: the superficial fascia C: the corium D: the germinativum

72. The only material that keeps hair becoming dry and brittle is called

A: sudor B: verruca C: acne vulgaris D: sebum

73. Any disease of hair is

A: trichosis B: trichoma C: trichopathy D: alopecia

74. To excrete or to expel body wastes especially urine is

A: to secret B: to ingest C: to void D: to vomit

75. Discharge of pus is

A: pyorrhea B: pyorrhexis C: pyrrhagia D: pyosis

76. The parietal pleura ______the thoracic cavity

A: covers B: lines C: is coated D: surrounds

77. The lidlike structure that covers the larynx during the swallowing of food is

A: glottis B: epiglottis C: trachea D: uvula

78. The atrioventricular valve of the heart on the same side the SA node is

A: bicuspid B: tricuspid C: semilunar D: mitral

79. A backflow of liquid against its normal direction of movement is referred to as

A: reflex B: refraction C: reflux D: regression

80. The medial ends of the clavicles deepen the suprasternal indentation, where indendation means

A: orifice B: notch C: circumflex D: sinus

81. Venae cavea is a plural form of the two biggest ______

A: arteries B: arterioles C: veins D: vessels

82. Myelocele means

A: a tumor composed of cells normally found in the bone marrow

B: hernial protrusion of the spinal cord through a defect in the vertebral column

C: morbid softening of muscle tissue

D: muscle weakness caused by a CNS abnormality

83. What is the correct category for the term cachexia ?

A: anatomical B: diagnostic C: radiological D: surgical

84. Thyrotoxicosis is caused by which of the following ?

A: goiter B: exophthalmos C: hyperthyroidism D: hypothyroidism

85. What is somatotropin ?

A: a substance that causes the release of hormones from the adenohypophysis

B: a substance that causes the release of hormones from the neurohypophysis

C: a substance that stimulates the ovaries and testes

D: a substance that stimulates the body’s growth

86. The organ or structure toward which the effects of a hormone are directed is

A: an adenohypophysis B: a varix C: a target gland D: a tarsus

87: Which of the following means degeneration ?

A: deterioration B: lesion C: collapse D: hernia

88. Good development of tissue literally means

A: atrophy B: dystrophy C: maltrophy D: eutrophy

89. Efferent means

A: carrying of blood to an organ

B: minute blood vessels

C: designating vessels that drain blood from an organ

D: carrying of impulses into a center of action

90. Inflammation of the stomach and the intestines is

A: gastrocolitis B: gastroenteritis C: gastroenterocolitis D: gastropericolitis

91. Which of the following means “squeeze tightly” ?

A: vasodilation B: angioma C: vasoconstriction D: vasoectasia

92. A lesion or scar in the lining of the stomach or duodenum is referred to as

A: hernia B: ulcer C: tumor D: hemorrhage

93. Aplasia means absence of

A: breathing B: formation C: speech D: voice

94. Hyperventilation may lead to a loss of acid by the body, which is called

A: acidosis B: alkalosis C: acid-base balance D: acid-base compensation

95. A respiratory disorder characterized by destruction of the alveolar walls is

A: bronchitis B: emphysema C: hemoptysis D: aplasia

96. Epinephrine is

A: a glucocorticoid

B: a mineralocorticoid

C: a hormone that helps the body resisit stress

D: a hormone that influences the development of masculine sex characteristics

97. The term for displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint is

A: dislocation B: sprain C: strain D: twist

98. Pain in a joint is

A: arthragia B: arthritis C: arthroma D: arthrdynia

99. Hardening of a muscle is

A: myelostenosis B: myosclerosis C: myomalacia D: myodynia

100. ______are bands of fibrous tissue that connect bones or cartilages and serve to support joints

A: ligaments B: tendons C: articulations D: sinuses

101. The presence of excessive amounts of urea and other nitrogenous waste compounds in the blood is

A: hematuria B: urease C: urinrrhagia D: uremia

102. The semiliquid mass of partly digested food is

A: bolus B: chyme C: emesis D: bulk

103. Brachial artery supplies the

A: head B: neck C: arm D: leg

104. All arteries of the systemic circulation branch from the

A: aorta B: pulmonary artery C: superior vena cava D: pulmonary arteries

105. Anteriorly the head of the pancreas is in contact with the transverse colon means

A: The head of the pancreas is posteriorly related to the transverse colon

B: The head of the pancreas is in contact with the transverse colon posteriorly

C: The transverse colon is behind the head of the pancreas

D: The head of the pancreas lies anterior to the transverse colon

106. The soft tissue inside the tooth is referred to as

A: enamel B: endodontium C: dentin D: periodontal membrane

107. A disorder of bones closely related to decreased activity of osteoblasts due to a hormone deficiency is

A: osteomyelitis B: osteosarcoma C: osteoporosis D: osteopathy

108. Which term means paralysis of an eyelid ?

A: blepharospasm B: ophthalmalgia C: blephroplegia D: blepharoplasty

109. Subarachnoid means

A: below certain neuroglial cells

B: below a certain type of membrane

C: below the necessary amount of medication needed for it to be effective

D: resembling medications that cause tetany

110. In paraplegia

A: the upper limbs are affected only

B: the lower limbs are affected only

C: one leg is affected only

D: one arm is affected only

111. An adjective that means concerning the back part of the head

A: temporal B: occipital C: parietal D: cerebellum

112. Which of the following is not a word that pertains to some type of viscera ?

A: colic B: renal C: pneumo D: phreno

113. The name of the largest nerve in the body arising from the sacral nerves on either side is

A: sciatic nerve B: vagus nerve C: lumbar nerve D: cauda equine

114. Sudden attack of sleep occurring at intervals is

A: nocturnal B: narcolepsy C: idiopathy D: epilepsy

115. ______is a noise in the ears, such as ringing, buzzing, roaring, clicking, etc

A: vertigo B: mastoiditis C: Meniere’s syndrome D: tinnitus

116. Any disease involving the brain and the spinal cord is

A: cephalomyopathy B: cephalomyelopathy C: encephalomyopathy D: encephalomyelopathy

117. Carpopedal pertains to the

A: wrist bone B: carpus and the foot C: metacarpals D: carpus and the hand

118. ______is stoppage of lymph flow

A: lymphocytosis B: lymphostasis C: lymphocclusion D: lymphopoiesis

119. Powerful contraction of the intestine usually accompanied by pain is

A: enteropathy B: enterocele C: enterocolitis D: enterospasm

120. The inner ear ______the vestibule, the cochlea and the semicircular canals

A: contain B: consists of C: made up of D: is composed from

121. The pia mater ______the spinal cord

A: lines B: is covered by C: coats D: is surrounded by

122. Which describes best “cervical hyperflexion” ?

A: fracture of a vertebra

B: distortion of spinal cord

C: dislocation of a vertebra forward

D: distortion of spinal cord and dislocation of a vertebra forward

123. Accumulation of blood inside the brain is referred to as

A: epidural hematoma

B: subbural hematoma

C: intracerebral hematoma

D: intermeningial hematoma

124. Inflammation of the joints of the spine is referred to as

A: spondylarthritis B: vertebralarthritis C: spinearthritis D: bursitis

125. Few means

A: oligo- B: poly- C: dendro- D: astro-

126. Crushing of a nerve is

A: neurorrhaphy B: neuralgia C: neurotripsy D: neurectomy

127. Loss of transparency of the crystalline lenses of the eye or of its capsule is

A: catabolism B: cataract C: casts D: chalazion

128. Another name for the gum is

A: gingival B: mucosa C: cheilosis D: endodontium

129. Slow digestion is another word for

A: tachypepsia B: bradypepsia C: eupepsia D: dyspepsia

130. The duodenum is the ______part of the small intestine

A: medial B: lower C: distal D: proximal

131. In surgery an artificial connection between two tubular organs or parts is

A: anastomosis B: diverticulum C: gastrotomy D: proctoplasty

132. The gray matter that covers the brain is called the

A: cerebral tissue B: cerebral hemisphere C: cerebral cortex D: diencephalon

133. A condition caused by formation of spondy bone in the ear is

A: auricosclerosis B: otosclerosis C: auditosclerosis D: autosclerosis

134. Inflammation of the cornea is

A: conjunctivitis B: iritis C: stye D: keratitis

135. Which part of the nervous system carries impulses to involuntary muscles, glands ?

A: somatic B: autonomic C: central D: afferent

136. The presence of lacrimal calculi is referred to as

A: lacrimation B: dacryolith C: dacryocyst D: dacryolithiasis

137. Sensation occurring in the absence of the appropriate stimulus is

A: psychosomatic B: psychopathic C: obsession D: pseudesthesia

138. ______is the winglike projection of the ear

A: helix B: tragus C: pinna D: concha

139. The condition when more blood cells than are normally produced by the bone marrow is referred to as

A: erythrocytosis B: leukocytosis C: hematopoiesis D: hemophilia

140. The cross section of the kidney is

A: roughly circular B: circular C: oval D: bean-shaped

141. Any disease of the liver is

A: hepatitis B: hepatoma C: hepatemia D: hepatopathy

142. Excessive urination is

A: polyhydrosis B: polyuria C: polythermia D: polydipsia

143. Formation of nucleus is referred to as

A: karyogenesis B: nucleidgenesis C: carotidgenesis D: nucleolus

144. Stickiness of blood is called

A: viscosity B: hemophilia C: density D: coagulopathy

145. The shape which is curved inwards is referred to as

A: convex B: biconcave C: concave D: protrusion

146. When the vision is better for distant objects is called

A: myopia B: diplopia C: hyperopia D: astigmatism

147. The long process of a nerve fiber that generally conducts impulses away from the cell body

A: dendrite B: axon C: astrocyte D: oligodendrocyte

148. A network of nerves is refereed to as

A: ramus B: anastomosis C: matrix D: plexus

149. Notochord means

A: an indentation in a bone

B: a strip of mesodermal tissue that develops along the dorsal surface of the early embryo

C: a flat disc of tissue

D: the fluid-filled cavity surrounding the developing embryo

150. Directed away from a central organ or section such as a blood vessel is referred to as

A: vena cava B: afferent arteriole C: efferent arteriole D: vein

151. The function of the sinusoids is ______the filtered blood from the red pulp

A: collecting B: to collect C: collect D: to have collected

152. X-ray examination of the spinal cord after injection of air is

A: myelography B: pneumomyelography C: myelogram D: pneumomyelogram

153. Cells which provide special support and protection also called “glue cells” are

A: neuroglia cells B: neurolemma cells C: astrocytes D: oligodendrocytes

154. The thalamus and the hypothalamus make up the

A: brain stem B: cerebellum C: diencephalon D: mesencephalon

155. Preventive treatment of a disease is referred to as

A: intrathrcal B: prophylactic C: puncture D: audiology

156. The combining form of eyelid is

A: ophthalm/o B: ocul/o C: blephar/o D: bulb/o

157. The bony, cone-shaped space in front of the skull in which the eyes sit is referred to as the

A: fossa B: orbit C: foramen D: meatus

158. The trunk is the body ______the head and the limbs

A: excluding B: including C: containing D: consisting of

159. A thrombus is

A: a substance that dissolves a blood clot

B: a clot inside a blood vessel

C: spontaneous dissolution of a blood clot

D: another name for hemolysin

160. The outside opening and passage through which sound waves pass to the ear canal is

A: external auditory foramen B: external auditory sinus

C: external auditory ossicles D: external auditory meatus

161. Which describes best the “field of vision” ?

A: the point at which rays of light meet

B: the measurement of how far the eye can see in all directions

C: when the eye is in a fixed position and it is capable of viewing abjects in all directions

D: the focusing of rays of light by the lens

162. Tough, fibrous tunic, outer envelope covering all of the eyeball except the cornea is the

A: sclera B: retina C: choroid D: pupil

163. Hernial protrusion of part of the meninges and the spinal cord through a defect of the

A: myelocele B: meningomyelocele C: meningocele D: spondylocele