Study Guide CCA week 12 - Key
Vocabulary to know: (define on separate paper & give an example of each)
Energy / Energy Transformation
Energy carried by electricity – moving electrons
Ex: Toaster, Fan, Anything that plugs into an electrical outlet. / A form of energy that travels through empty space (vacuum)
Ex. sunlight / A change from one form of energy to another
Ex: Eating an apple (Chemical) changing to running (mechanical)
Solar Energy / Kinetic Energy / Convection
Energy that comes from the sun.
Ex: sunlight / Energy of motion
Ex: move, kick, eat, / Thermal energy being moved by air or liquid currents.
Ex: Boiling Macaroni, Space Heater
Thermal Energy / Potential Energy / Conduction
Energy in the form of heat. Caused by the movement of particles.
Ex: Oven cooking, Stove cooking, Toaster cooking, Camp Fire burning / Stored Energy
Ex: pencil on desk, cat asleep on a couch / Heat transfer by direct contact
Ex: walking on hot sand, touching hot spoon
Chemical Energy / Light energy / Radiation
Potential energy available for release in a chemical reaction.
Ex: Battery, Candle, Food, wood, fuel / Radiant energy that our eyes can see from the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Ex: light bulbs, televisions, lamps, computer monitors / Energy transmitted by electromagnetic waves.
Ex: feel heat from stove w/o touching, feel heat from the Sun
Mechanical Energy
Energy produced by a machine or moving part
Ex: Moving Water in a dam; Fan Blades moving; Person running / .
- Explain the Law of Conservation of Energy:
Matter is neither created nor destroyed, it can only change form.
- Explain Thermal Energy Transfer
Thermal energy transfer is the process where heat moves from one body or substance to another by radiation, conduction, convection, or a combination of these. The energy flows from Hot to Cold.
- Draw, explain and give an example of Conduction, Convection, and Radiatio
- Draw a roller coaster. Label:
- Greatest Potential d. Greatest Kinetic
- Increasing Kinetice. Increasing Potential
- Decreasing Kinetic f. Decreasing Potential
- Describe the energy transformations in:
- A fan
Electric to mechanical / Chemical to Electrical to light
- A pencil sharpener
Mechanical to sound / Electric to radiant/light / thermal
- A computer
Electric to light/ sound/ thermal / Electric to light
- A fire
Chemical to thermal / light / Radiant / light to chemical
- Define: Physical Change: A change that alters the form or appearance of a substance but does not change it into a new substance
- Define Chemical Change: A change in matter that produces a new substance
- List all evidence that a chemical change has occurred. Rusting, digesting food, Spoiling, Burning, Corroding, Decomposing, Exploding, Frying, Precipitate forming, Bubbles, Gas being released
- List 5 examples of Kinetic Energy.Kicking a ball, swinging a bat, running, eating, car moving, typing, writing, talking, chemical reaction, swinging, climbing, (any kind of movement)
- List 5 examples of Potential Energy.Ball in a field, food in the ‘fridge, rock on the table, pencil on a desk, fruit on a shelf, bat on the floor, sitting on a couch, car parked & off, chemical in a bottle alone, top of a swing, top of the roller coaster, before you swing the bat, before you start the car, (anything not moving or waiting to move or at the top of the movement)
- On a swing, when would the Potential and Kinetic Energy be equal?
Past topics you should know well:
How to write a hypothesis from a problem/question.
Do plants grow bigger with regular or salt water?
If regular and salt water are added to different plants, then the one with regular water will grow bigger.
DRY / MIX and how to graph each.
DRY = Dependent/Responding Variable graph on the y-axis
MIX = Manipulated/Independent Variable graph on the x-axis
Manipulated / Responding Variable and how to identify each in a lab.
Do plants grow higher with regular or salt water?
If regular and salt water are added to different plants, then the one with regular water will grow higher.
Manipulated variable is what you are testing. What you control and can change.
Responding variable is the response to the test. What you get at the end of the experiment. Your results.