Mark Scheme for Past Germany Papers Nmg/07

Mark scheme for past Germany papers nmg/07

Paper S99

a)Study Source A (Poster entitled The Duties of German Communist Party volunteers)

Why do you think the Nazi Party published this poster in 1932? [6]

General elections being held } Level 1 answers 1 mark
OR to show how evil the Communists were }
Combination of the above using detail from the source - Level 2 answer perhaps 2-4 marks
As above but explaining Nazis saw Communists as their main threat so wanted to show them as a threat to the German people – Level 3 5-6 marks

b)Study Source B (from a Maths text book)

Why do you think questions like these were used in schools during the Nazi period? [7]

Lifts information from the surface –“They are using modern examples from German life” – Level 1 1-2 marks
The Nazis wanted to turn children against the mentally ill because they cost money to look after – Level 2 3-4 marks
They are using questions like these to brainwash children into supporting Nazi policies – Level 3 5-6 marks
AS above + reference to Aryans/master race & desire to produce perfect society – Level 4 7 marks

c)Study Source C (Poster ‘The Eternal Jew’)

‘Jews shown as greedy and/or cruel’ (lifted from the source) Level 1- [1-2 marks]
‘ Jews shown as greedy and cruel and have Germany under their control this is shown by the money in his hand, the whip and the map under his arm’ Level 2 [3-4 marks]
AS above + map of Germany has hammer & sickle on it. Jews were said to be connected to Communism (already shown as great threat to Germany). Level 3 [5-6]
Could even infer that money in hand was price of betraying Germany Level 4 [7]

Paper S 98

1. Study source A (Cartoon entitled ‘The Jewish department store eats up German shopkeepers’)

a) Do you think this cartoon was published by the Nazi Party or by its opponents? Explain your answer

‘Probably by the Nazis as they produced a lot of propaganda posters at this time’ 1 mark
‘It must be the Nazis because they hated Jews’ – 2 marks
‘Nazis hated Jews – the cartoon helps to explain why because they said Jews were driving Germans out of business. The poster was published to put this message across’ 3-4 marks
As above but explaining context – Hitler blamed Jews for all of Germany’s problems – they were seen as bringing defeat and communism to Germany– Nazis regarded them as sub-human. 4-5
‘This was the time of the Great Depression and the Nazis had chosen to win power legally in general elections. This was a time of great hardship and Hitler and the Nazis blamed Jews for this situation. The cartoon shows a Jewish department store like a giant octopus, eating up all the smaller businesses’ 6 marks

b) Source B – extract from a book on Nazi propaganda. Is this an accurate account of Nazi propaganda methods?

‘Yes, they used a lot of propaganda. It helped to get them into power. It was important to them.’ 1 mark
‘Yes, this is accurate. The Nazis did appeal to the emotions a lot. They organised their all their propaganda this way. Hitler got Goebbels to do this.’ 2 marks
An example of methods eg the huge night time rallies at Nuremburg – 4 marks for 2 examples
‘Hitler would make very simple speeches at these big rallies. He would stand high up before the 1000s of people, caught in the floodlights. His words would echo round and the people would be carried away in the mood that was created.’ 5-6 marks
As above + another example eg the use of radio at home and at work 7 marks

c) Study Source C (SDP poster from 1932) – did bad things happen to the workers?

‘This poster was made by the SPD who were enemies of the Nazis. It is not reliable because it is biased. We can’t tell if this would happen to workers.’ 1-2 marks
‘Yes, it is accurate – we know that the Nazis treated people very badly. People were arrested, and beaten up and locked away in camps.’ 2-4
‘It is not accurate – it says that the workers will be sacrificed under Nazi rule and that they will be badly treated. The Social Democrats would say this because they wanted people to vote for them. So I don’t trust it.’ 4-5 marks
Uses background knowledge to agree or disagree eg

‘I agree – the trade union movement was banned, working conditions got worse. Wages were not very good and skilled workers ended up digging ditches. Workers could not strike and women were forced to give up work,’ 5-6 marks

‘I disagree. The Nazis provided thousands of jobs and put Germany back to work. Unemployment fell rapidly. The Strength Through Joy movement provided cheap holidays abroad and savings schemes set up which aimed at providing cheap cars for the people (VWs).’

Combines positive and negative response 7 marks

Paper S96

1. Source A cartoon published in 1930s

a) Was cartoonist supporting/criticising Nazi policies towards women? [6]

Was/wasn’t – no real support from source or background knowledge eg ‘Women had a bad time under the Nazis’ (1 mark)
Criticising Nazis – using cartoon eg ‘The woman, Frau Mueller, looks worn out after having had so many children’ ( 2-3 marks)
Criticising Nazis – using cartoon and background knowledge eg ‘The woman, Frau Mueller, looks worn out after having had so many children. The Nazis wanted a big population, especially boys for the army. Mothers were encouraged by prizes and loans to produce lots of children.’ ( 4-5 marks)

As above + more information about the way women were treated eg being made to give up work and become baby makers and home makers (6 marks)

b) Study Source B (from a German woman’s account of her life in the 1930s)

How typical of young German people was her reaction to the Nazis? [7]

‘Very typical, many young people liked the Nazis’ (1 mark)
‘Very typical – hundreds of young people joined Nazi organisations like the Hitler Youth and the League of German Maidens’ (2-3 marks)
‘The Nazis made a big effort to win young people over and many joined the German youth leagues. They saw the young people as their future supporters’ (4-5 marks)
‘Not all young people supported the Nazis. By 1939 a law was passed forcing young people to join the Hitler Youth. Rebel groups like the Edelweiss Pirates deliberately went against Nazi ideas. But certainly in the early 30s there was a lot of support from amongst the young for the Nazis.’ [7 marks]

c) Why did people in Nazi Germany keep quiet and not say what they thought? (7 marks)

‘They were frightened’ - (1 mark)
Makes reference to ‘informers’ from text (2-3 marks)
AS above + fear of the Gestapo (4-5 marks)
‘The Germans were afraid of the Gestapo, the Secret Police, who went around arresting ‘enemies of the state’. They were helped by people who informed on their neighbours and even children who informed on their parents. People were taken to concentration camps where they were brutally treated.’ (7 marks)