Civil Rights Review II
Major Civil Rights Laws
(Please use the answers for questions # 35-52)
During the 1950s and 1960s African-Americans took two major actions to reshape American public opinion and gain passage of federal ______legislation. First, African-Americans worked through the ______court system. In other words, black Americans filed racial ______cases in federal court. Second, civil rights organizations used ______protest and ____-______resistance. The modern civil rights movement began in 1954, when the Supreme Court handed down its decision in ______v. ______of ______of Topeka.
Eighteen months later Dr. ______, Jr. became a nationally known civil rights leader. In 1955-56 Dr. King led the ______. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was the boycott by black citizens of the Montgomery Alabama bus system to protest ______seating. The term boycott means African-Americans ______to ______the city buses until the bus company ended segregated seating. The Montgomery Bus Boycott started after the arrest of ______, an African-American woman. City officials arrested Mrs. Parks because she violated Montgomery’s ______law by refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white man. In late 1956 the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation on Montgomery’s city buses was ______, because it violated the 14th Amendment by denying African-American citizens “______of the laws.” The Supreme Court used the ______decision as precedent for its decision in the Montgomery bus segregation case.
In 1963 several civil rights organizations joined together in sponsoring a ______on ______. The purpose of the March on Washington was to lobby (pressure) Congress for passage of major ______laws. Approximately ______Americans participated in the March on Washington. The climax of this event was Dr. Martin Luther King’s “___ have a ______” speech. The 1963 March on Washington was important for two reasons. First, it helped influence ______to support major civil rights legislation. Second, it showed the power of
___-______mass protest.
In November 1963 President John F. Kennedy was ______, and ______. ______became president. President ______played an important role in gaining Congressional passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the 1965 Voting Rights Act, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. The 1964 Civil Rights Act did three things. First, it outlawed racial, religious, and _____ discrimination by ______. Second, it outlawed ______, religious, and sex discrimination in ______places. This provision (part) of the law made it illegal to segregate public buildings or ______. It also made it illegal for ______, ______, and ______to deny service to customers because of their race. Third, the 1964 Civil Rights Act gave the federal government ______power to ______all the laws governing civil rights.
The 1965 Voting Rights Act had two main parts. First, the Voting Rights Act outlawed ______as a requirement for voting. A literacy test was a test to determine if a person could ______and ______before allowing them to register to vote. ______states had used literacy tests as a means to deny African-Americans the right to vote. Second, the Voting Rights Act sent ______registrars to the ______to register African-American voters. This law resulted in a ______in the number of African-Americans voters throughout the South.
In 1968 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was ______. In his memory President Johnson asked Congress to pass the ______Act of 1968. The 1968 Civil Rights Act outlawed racial discrimination in the ______or ______of ______.
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