Worksheet
Name : ______
Class : 11 _____
Day/date : ______
MADANIA (Highschool)
Grade 11 Chemistry Worksheet 2.1
Shapes of Molecules
23 / 7/ 2010
LEARNING OBJECTIVES1. Describe ionic bonding as the electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions, including the use of dot-and-cross diagrams.
2. Describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of sodium chloride.
3. Describe a covalent bond as a pair of electron shared between two atoms.
4. Describe, including the use of dot-and cross diagrams, covalent bonding and dative covalent (coordinate) bonding.
5. Appreciate that, between the extremes of ionic and covalent bonding, there is a gradual transition from one extreme to the other.
6. Describe electronegativity as the ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond.
7. Explain the bond polarity may arise when the atoms joined by a covalent bond have different electronegativities, and that polarization may occur between cations of high charge density and anions of low charge density.
8. Explain and predict the shapes of, and bond angles in, molecules and ions by using the qualitative model of electron pair repulsion up to 4 electron pairs.
9. Describe metallic bonding, present in a giant metallic lattice structure, as the attraction of a lattice of a positive ions to a sea of mobile electrons.
10. Describe intermolecular forces (Van der Waals’ forces), based on instantaneous and permanent dipoles.
11. Describe in simple terms, the giant molecular structure of graphite and diamond.
12. Describe hydrogen bonding between molecules containing –OH and –NH groups, typified by water and ammonia.
13. Describe the anomalous properties of water resulting fron hydrogen bonding.
14. Describe, interpret and/or predict physical properties in terms of the types, motion and arrangement of particles (atoms, molecules and ions) and the forces between them, and the different types of bonding.
15. Deduce the type of bonding present in a substance, given suitable information.
1. Write the definition of these terminologies.
Terminology / DefinitionIonic Bonding
Covalent Bonding
Metallic Bonding
Dative Covalent (coordinate) Bonding
VSEPR theory
2. Draw dot-and-cross diagrams for the following compounds and molecules. For part e-h, determine the bond and lone pair present.
a. KF / b. MgOc. Na2O / d. CaCl2
e. H2 / f. SF6
g. PCl3 / h. BF3
3. Draw the known geometric shapes of molecules and ions (angles are included).
Shape / Figure / Shape / FigureLinear / Seesaw
Trigonal Planar / T-shaped
Bent / Octahedral
Tetrahedral / Square pyramid
Trigonal pyramid / Square planar
Trigonal bypiramid
4. Determine the shape of the following molecules and ions.
Molecule/Ion / Dot-and-cross Diagram / Bonds / Electronic Shape / Geometric ShapeBond pair / Lone pair
H2
Hydrogen
XeF4
Xenon tetraflouride
SiF4
Silicon tetraflouride
PCl5
Phosphor pentachloride
PF6-
Phosphor hexafluoride ion
ClO4-
chlorate ion
ClO3-
perchlorate ion
1
S1/W2/WS-2.1/G.11/PAU/Chemistry/2010-2011