Anatomy/Physiology Intro

List the major functions of the following glands or organs:

A)BrainL)Hypothalamus

B)Spinal CordM)Pituitary Gland

C)HeartN)Thymus

D)LungsO)Testicles

E)StomachP)Ovaries

F)Small Intestine

G)Large Intestine

H)Gall Bladder

I)Liver

J)Kidney

K)Adrenal Glands

Attach the organs and glands to their respective body systems. (Organs will function in more than one system)

1)Integumentary system

  1. What is the primary function of this system?
  2. What are the two primary sections of the skin?
  3. What glands do you find in the skin?

2)Nervous System

  1. What is the primary function of this system?
  2. What is the difference between sensory and motor neurons?
  3. Name 3 neural transmitters (chemicals).

3)Skeletal System

  1. How many bones are in your body? What is the main chemical in bone?
  2. What are the 4 primary functions of the skeletal system?
  3. What are the 3 types of joints (2 major types)?
  4. Thinking as an engineer: How do you make a support structure both strong (support) and flexible (movement)? How does this transmit to your bones?

4)Muscular System

  1. What are the primary functions of the muscular system? Secondary?
  2. What are the two types of primary muscle fibers? How do they differ?
  3. What are tendons? Ligaments? Cartilage? How do they function between muscle and bone?

5)Circulatory System

  1. What is the difference between an artery and a vein?
  2. What are the three types of cells in blood? Functions of each.
  3. What is atherosclerosis? How does it occur?
  4. Where does nutrient and gas exchange take place in the blood? (What vessel)
  5. How much blood do you have in your body (volume)? What is responsible for making new blood cells?

6)Endocrine System

  1. What is the function of the endocrine system?
  2. How does this system differ from the nervous system? Give an example
  3. What is the “master gland” ?
  4. What is a steroid? Does your body make them? Why is taking steroids so dangerous?

7)Renal System

  1. What is the primary organ in the renal system?
  2. What process is used to filter the blood? (Passive movement of water across a membrane)
  3. What is a kidney stone?

8)Respiratory System

  1. What do you lose every time you breath other than CO2? (Two answers)
  2. Where does gas exchange take place in your lungs?
  3. What muscle is the most responsible for breathing? Does the muscle have to contract to breath or release your breath?
  4. What are cilia? Why are they located in your respiratory tract?

9)Digestive System

  1. Where is most of your nutrients absorbed?
  2. Where does the majority of carbohydrate and protein digestion occur?
  3. What enzyme is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder for digestion? What type of molecule does it help breakdown?
  4. What is the purpose of the large intestine? Explain the symbiotic relationship that occurs there.

10)Reproductive System

  1. What are the two primary chemicals produced in the female reproductive system?
  2. What is the primary chemical produced in the male reproductive system?
  3. During the stages of pregnancy, which of the two enzymes increases? At which stage?