Language Learning Aptitude: Selected References

The International Research Foundation

for English Language Education

LANGUAGE LEARNING APTITUDE: SELECTED REFERENCES

(Last updated 6 March 2017)

Abrahamsson, N., & Hyltenstam, K. (2008). The robustness of aptitude effects in near-native second language acquisition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 30(4), 481-509.

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Biedroń, A., & Pawlak, M. (2016). New conceptualizations of linguistic giftedness. Language Teaching, 49(2), 151-185.

Bingham, W. V. (1937). Aptitudes and aptitude testing. Oxford, UK: Harper.

Bolibaugh, C., & Foster, P. (2013). Memory-based aptitude for nativelike selection: The role of phonological short-term memory. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 205-230). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Bylund, E., & Ramírez-Galan, P. (2016). Language aptitude in first language attrition: A study on late Spanish-Swedish bilinguals. Applied Linguistics, 37(5), 621-638.

Bylund, E., Hyltenstam, K., & Abrahamsson, N. (2013). Age of acquisition effects of bilingualism in second language ultimate attainment? In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 69-101). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Carroll, J. B. (1981). Twenty-five years of research on foreign language aptitude. In K. C. Diller (Ed.), Individual differences and universals in language learning aptitude (pp. 83-118). Rowley, MA: Newbury House Publishers.

Carroll, J. B. (1990). Cognitive abilities in foreign language aptitude. In T. S. Parry & C. W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 11-29). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Carroll, J.B, & Sapon, S.S. (1967). The Modern Language Aptitude Test: Elementary. New York, NY: The Psychological Corporation.

Carroll, J.B. (1990). Cognitive abilities in foreign language aptitude: Then and now. In T.S. Parry & C.W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 11-29). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall and The Center for Applied Linguistics.

Carroll, J.B., & Sapon, S.S. (1959). The Modern Language Aptitude Test: Form A. New York, NY: The Psychological Corporation.

Corno, L., Cronback, L. J., Kupermintz, H., Lohman, D. F., Mandinach, E. B., Porteus, A. W., & Talbert, J. E. (2002). Remaking the concept of aptitude: Extending the legacy of Richard E. Snow. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum

Dekeyser, R. & Koeth, J. (2011). Cognitive aptitudes for second language learning. In E. Hinkel (Ed.), Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning (Vol. 2)(pp. 395-406). New York, NY: Routledge.

Diller, K.C. (1981). Individual differences and universals in language learning aptitude. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.

Doughty, C. J. (2013). Optimizing post-critical-period language learning. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 153-175). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Ehrman, M. (1990). The role of personality type in adult language learning: An ongoing investigation. In T. S. Parry & C. W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 126-178). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Gardner, R. C. (1990). Attitudes, motivation, and personality as predictors of success in foreign language learning. In T. S. Parry & C. W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 179-221). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Granena, G. (2013). Cognitive aptitudes for second language learning and the LLAMA language aptitude test. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 105-129). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Granena, G. (2013). Reexamining the robustness of aptitude in second language acquisition. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 179-204). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Granena, G., & Long, M. (2013). Age of onset, length of residence, aptitude and ultimate L2 attainment in three linguistic domains. Second Language Research, 29(3), 311–343.

Granena, G., & Long, M. (Eds.). (2013). Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Grigorenko, E., Sternberg, R., & Ehrman, M. (2000). A theory-based approach to the measurement of foreign language learning ability: The Canal-F theory and test. Modern Language Journal, 84(3), 390-405.

Harley, B., & Hart, D. (1997). Language aptitude and second language proficiency in classroom learners of different starting ages. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19(3), 379-400.

Kanfer, R., & Ackerman, P. L. (1989). Motivation and cognitive abilities: An integrative/aptitude-treatment interaction approach to skill acquisition. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(4), 657.

Kormos, J. (2013). New conceptualizations of language aptitude in second language attainment. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 131-152). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Lett, J. A., & O’Mara, F. E. (1990). Predictors of success in an intensive foreign language learning context: Correlates of language learning at the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center. In T. S. Parry & C. W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 222-260). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Li, S. (2015). The associations between language aptitude and second language grammar acquisition: A meta-analytic review of five decades of research. Applied Linguistics, 36(3), 385-408.

Linck, J., Hughes, M., Campbell, S., Silbert, N., Tare, M., Jackson,,. . . Doughty, C. (2013). Hi-LAB: A new measure of aptitude for high-level language proficiency. Language Learning, 63(3), 530-566.

Long, M. (2013). Maturational constraints on child and adult SLA. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 3-41). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Long, M. (2013). Some implications of research findings on sensitive periods in language learning for educational policy and practice. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 259-271). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Lundell, F. F., & Sandgren, M. (2013). High-level proficiency in late L2 acquisition: Relationships between collocational production, language aptitude, and personality. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 231-255). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Meara, P. (2005). LLAMA language aptitude tests: The manual. Swansea, UK: Lognostics. Retrieved from

Miyake, A., & Friedman, D. (1988). Individual differences in second language proficiency: Working memory as language aptitude. In A. F. Healy & L. E. Bourne, Jr. (Eds.), Foreign language learning: Psycholinguistic studies on training and retention (pp. 339-364). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Oxford, R. L. (1990). Styles, strategies, and aptitude: Connections for language learning. In T. S. Parry & C. W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 67-125). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Parry, T. S., & Child, J. R. (1990). Preliminary investigation of the relationship between VORD, MLAT, and language procifiency. In T. S. Parry & C. W. Stansfield (Eds.), Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered (pp. 30-66). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Parry, T.S., & Stansfield, C. W. (Eds.). (1990). Language in education: Theory & practice: Vol. 74. Language aptitude reconsidered. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: the Center for Applied Linguistics & Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Peterson, C. R., & Al-Haik, A. R. (1976). The development of the Defense Language Aptitude Battery. Educational and Psychological Measurement,36(2), 369-380.

Pimsleur P. (1966). The Pimsleur Language Aptitude Battery. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Reed, D. J., & Stansfield, C. W. (2004) Using the Modern Language Aptitude Test to identify foreign language learning disability: Is it ethical? Language Assessment Quarterly 1(2-3), 161-176.

Robinson, P. (2001). Individual differences, cognitive abilities, aptitude complexes and learning conditions in second language acquisition. Second Language Research, 17(4), 368-392.

Robinson, P. (2002). Learning conditions, aptitude complexes, and SLA: A framework for research and pedagogy. In P. Robinson (Ed.), Individual differences and instructed language learning (pp. 113-133). Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.

Robinson, P. (2007). Aptitudes, abilities, contexts, and practice. In R. DeKeyser (Ed.), Practice in second language learning: Perspectives from applied linguistics and cognitive psychology (pp. 256-286). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Russo, M. (2011). Aptitude testing over the years. Interpreting, 13(1), 5-30.

Safar, A. & Kormos, J. (2008). Revisiting problems with foreign language aptitude. International Review of Applied Linguistics, 46(2), 113-136.

Santizo, I. P. (2017). Correlating aptitude with oral proficiency: A quantitative study of DLAB and OPI scores across four language categories. Applied Language Learning, 27(1 & 2), 73-96.

Sheen, Y. (2007). The effect of focused written corrective feedback and language aptitude on ESL learners' acquisition of articles. TESOL Quarterly, 41(2), 255-283.

Skehan, P. (2002). Theorizing and updating aptitude. In P. Robinson (Ed.), Individual differences in instructed language learning (pp. 69-93). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Skehan, P. (2012). Language aptitude. In S. M. Gass & A. Mackey (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 381-395). New York, NY: Routledge.

Spadaro, K. (2013). Maturational constraints on lexical acquisition in a second language. In G. Granena & M. Long (Eds.), Language learning & language teaching: Vol. 35. Sensitive periods, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment (pp. 43-68). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.

Sparks, R., & Ganschow, L. (1991). Foreign language learning differences: Affective or native language aptitude differences? The Modern Language Journal, 75(1), 3-16.

Sparks, R., & Ganschow, L. (2001). Aptitude for learning a foreign language. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 21, 90-111.

Sparks, R., Patton, J., Ganschow, L., & Humbach, N. (2011). Subcomponents of second language aptitude and second language proficiency. The Modern Language Journal, 95(2), 253-273.

Spolsky, B. (1995). Prognostication and language aptitude testing, 1925-62. Language Testing, 12(3), 321-340.

Stansfield, C.W, Reed, D.J., & Velasco, A.M. (2004). Prueba de aptitud para lenguas extranjeras: Versión de primaria.Rockville, MD: Language Learning and Testing Foundation.

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Stansfield, C.W., & Winke, P. (2008). Testing aptitude for second language learning. In E. Shohamy & N.H. Hornberger (Eds). Encyclopedia of Language and Education: (Vol. 7) Language testing and assessment (pp. 81-94). New York, NY: Springer Science and Business Media.

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VanPatten, B. & Smith, M. (2015). Aptitude as grammatical sensitivity and the early stages of learning Japanese as an L2: Parametric variation and case-marking. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 37(1), 135-165.

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Wen, Z. E., Biedroń, A., & Skehan, P. (2017). Foreign language aptitude theory: Yesterday, today and tomorrow. Language Teaching, 50(1), 1-31.

Winke, P. (2013). An investigation into language aptitude for advanced Chinese language learning. The Modern Language Journal, 97(1), 109-130.

Yalçın, Ş., Çeçen, S., & Erçetin, G. (2016). The relationship between aptitude and working memory: an instructed SLA context. Language Awareness, 25(1-2), 144-158.

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