Know Your “ism’s”!!!!!!!!!!!!!

  1. Militarism: building up your military (armaments) for defense and readiness for war
  2. Colonialism: policy of a nation seeking to acquire, extend, or retain its political, economic, and cultural control over other peoples or territories
  3. Imperialism: control by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region
  4. Fascism: a government which supports a nationalist dictatorship, government control of the economy, and suppression of opposing political movements. Examples: Italy under Mussolini and Germany under Hitler’s control.
  5. Totalitarianism: political system in which the government has a single party dictatorship and controls every aspect of citizens’ lives (ex: Stalin’s Soviet Union)
  6. Tribalism: loyalty and devotion to one’s tribe. Similar to nationalism.
  7. Nationalism: pride in ones country or nation that can cause conflict/competition.
  8. Absolutism: the belief that monarchs hold supreme power and are responsible only to god
  9. Feudalism: system of government during the Middle Ages in Europe and Japan in which local lords ruled the land but were bound by loyalty to their lords and their monarch or emperor. Serfs received a fief (land) that they farmed and gave some of their crops to their lord in exchange for protection (Knights: Code of Chivalry)
  10. Humanism: study of classical greek and roman culture, especially during the Renaissance. Focused on the individual and worldly (real) objects instead of spiritual.
  11. Isolationism: policy of avoiding foreign involvements and contacts (EX: U.S. WWI + II)
  12. Materialism: belief that the accumulations of possessions is what is necessary for a good life
  13. Mercantilism: the idea of selling more goods than you buy by a country to make a profit (Balanced Trade)
  14. Monotheism: / Polytheism:
  15. Nativism:
  16. Pan-Africanism: nationalist movement that began in the 1900s that aimed to unify Africa.
  17. Regionalism: strong local traditions that divide people within a country; (physical barriers)
  18. Terrorism: unlawful attacks by a political group such as bombings to publicize and achieve their goals (ex: PLO in Israel)
  19. Animism: belief that spirits live in nature and everything has a spirit. (similar to shintoism)
  20. Anti-Semitism: hatred of fear of Jews (Holocaust)
  21. Socialism: system where the government own and operate major business and controls other parts of the economy (Marx:Marxism: equality for all)
  22. Communism: for a complete socialism in which there is public ownership of all land and all means of production (Industry)
  23. Capitalism: a free market economic system in which means of production are owned and operated by individuals for profit (Adam Smith: Laizze Faire: Government Hands off)
  24. Ethnocentrism: believing that your culture and economy is superior to others (Ex: Age of Imperialism)
  25. Islamic Fundamentalism: Muslim movement against westernization (influence from U.S. and Western Europe) and secularism (worldliness) that supports a return to the values of the Koran.
  26. Jainism: religion of South Asia: developed out of Hinduism and stress nonviolence
  27. Multiculturalism: policy that encourages people to preserve their cultural traditions
  28. Pacifism: opposition to using force under any circumstances (non-violence)
  29. Racism: belief one race is superior to another.
  30. Realism: portraying life as it really is in art and literature: popular in late 1800s.
  31. Romanticism: movement against enlightenment that valued feeling and emotions above reason.