Chapter 11: Movement and Coordination

Study Guide

****KNOW THE SKELETAL AND MUSCULAR SYSTEM DIAGRAMS

Definitions

Joint- Place in the body where two or more bones meet

Ligament-A strong, fibrous band that holds bones together at a joint

Cartilage-A tough, supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone. Used as cushion

Strain- A pulled muscle or tendon.

Sprain-An overstretched or torn ligament

Atrophy-A condition in which muscles that cannot contract or are not used often, weaken and shrink.

Neuron-The basic unit of the nervous system that carries nerve impulses

Meningitis-An infection that causes inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Concussion-A bruise-like injury to the brain caused by brain tissue hitting the skull during a collision.

Epilepsy- A condition in which a person is prone to having seizures.

Short Answer

  1. List the 5 functions of the skeletal system.
  • Protection of vital organs
  • Support for the body
  • Storage of RBC
  • Production of RBC
  • Allows body to move
  1. What are the 3 parts to a bones’ structure?
  • Compact Bone
  • Spongy Bone
  • Bone marrow
  1. Why are ligaments so important for joints?

Hold bones together

  1. List the 4 types of joints. Briefly explain, and provide an example for each.
  • Ball and Socket—movement in all direction—Shoulder or hip
  • Hinge- Allows bending and straightening----Elbow or knee
  • Pivot---turn side to side----Head
  • Gliding----many and most directions of all joints-----wrists or ankles
  1. Explain how exercising and eating healthy are important for bone health.
  • Helps prevent osteoporosis
  • Calcium and Vit D provide strength
  1. List the two types of fractures discussed in class. Briefly explain each.
  • Simple---bone is cracked or completely broken –stays in skin
  • Compound—Broken ends pierce the skin
  1. Explain why it’s unhealthy to use anabolic steroids. Be specific.
  • Hair loss
  • Violent behavior
  • Mood swings
  • Heart Failure/ kidney failure
  • Severe Acne

Two divisions of the PNS are the _Sensory______and __Motor______divisions.

During a reflex action, __neurons______ send impulses up through the spinal cord and to the brain, where then they are processed.

Of all of the different types of joints, the____gliding______joint is the most movable.

The ____somatic______ nervous system is responsible for causing voluntary movements like walking.

Cartilage ___cushions______for the skeletal system.

Producing and storing red blood cells, providing structure, and protection of vital organs are functions of the _____skeletal______system.

Smooth muscles are usually where involuntary movements occur like swallowing food, in the intestines digesting food, and the _blood vessels______ _ circulating blood.

Tendons______connects muscle to bone.

The CNS is made up of the __brain______and the ___spinal cord____ ______.

Moving your head side to side is an example of __pivot______joint.

Chapter 11: Movement and Coordination

Study Guide

Joint-

Ligament-

Cartilage-

Strain-

Sprain-

Atrophy-

Neuron-

Meningitis-

Concussion-

Epilepsy-

Short Answer

  1. List the 5 functions of the skeletal system.
  1. What are the 3 parts to a bones’ structure?
  1. Why are ligaments so important for joints?
  1. List the 4 types of joints. Briefly explain, and provide an example for each.
  1. Explain how exercising and eating healthy are important for bone health.
  1. List the two types of fractures discussed in class. Briefly explain each.
  1. Explain why it’s unhealthy to use anabolic steroids. Be specific.

Two divisions of the PNS are the ______and ______divisions.

During a reflex action, ______send impulses up through the spinal cord and to the brain, where then they are processed.

Of all of the different types of joints, the______joint is the most movable.

The ______nervous system is responsible for causing voluntary movements like walking.

Cartilage ______for the skeletal system.

Producing and storing red blood cells, providing structure, and protection of vital organs are functions of the ______system.

Smooth muscles are usually where involuntary movements occur like swalling food, in the intestines digesting food, and the ______circulating blood.

______connects muscle to bone.

The CNS is made up of the ______and the ______.

Moving your head side to side is an example of ______joint.