Kgw F + Aflif S ;Fwf/0F ;Efdf

/fli6«o aLp lahg sDkgL lnld6]8sf]

kGw|f}+ aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf

k|:t'taflif{s k|ltj]bg

cfb/0fLo z]o/ wgL dxfg'efjHo"x?,

cfh ldlt @)&# ;fn kmfu'g@& ut] z'qmaf/sf lbg o; /fli6«o aLp lahg sDkgL lnld6]8sf] kGw|f}+aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf kfNg' ePsf ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgL Pj+ ;~rfns ;b:oHo"x?nfO{ ;~rfns ;ldlt / d]/f] JolQmut tkm{af6 ;d]t xflb{s :jfut tyf clejfbg ub{5' .

g]kfn ;/sf/ -dGqL kl/ifb_ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ o; /fli6«o aLp lahg sDkgL lnld6]8, sDkgL P]g, @)^# cGtu{t ldlt @)%(÷!÷@% df sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf lalwjt btf{ eO{ aLp lahgsf] sf/f]jf/df lg/Gt/ lqmofzLn x'++b} cfPsf] Joxf]/f oxfFx?df lalbt} 5 .

!=sDkgLsf] k"+hL M

sDkgLsf] clws[t k"+hL ?=!% s/f]8 tyf hf/L k"+hL ?=!@ s/f]8 ^$ nfv Pa+ r'Qmf k"+hL ?=!! s/f]8 *% nfv !^ xhf/ ( ;o sfod /x]sf]5. sDkgLsf ;+:yfks z]o/wgLx?df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ af+F8kmfF+8 ePsf] k|lt lsQf Ps ;o ?k}of+b/sf] lat/Lt z]o/ -hf/L k"+hL tyf r'Qmf k"+hL_b]xfoadf]lhd tflnsf–! df lbOPsf]5.

tflnsf g+= – !

z]o/ wgL / z]o/ :jfldTj laa/0f

sDkgLsf] z]o/ jfktsf] /sd ;flassf] s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfgsf] crn hfoh]yfaf6 o; sDkgLnfO{ x:tfGt/0f x'g] egL tf]lsPsfejg, sf/vfgf Pa+ sfof{no d]lzg/L ;DkQLnfO{ tTsflng k|rlnt b/df d"Nof+Íg ubf{sfod ePsf] d"Nof+lÍt /sddf lgodfg';f/ x|f;sl§ u/L af+FsL /x]sf] ;DkQLnfO{ n]vf kl/If0f kZrft\ sfod ePsf] c+Í?=*,^^,@%,$@$.*) g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt ?=! s/f]8 / tTsflng ;dodf s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfgdf df}Hbftdf /x]sf]ux+F' aLp !!%) d]=6gsf] ?=!,)@,)#,*&.@( / laleGg afnLsft/sf/L tyf cGo aLp / laifflbsf] ?=!,!^,*&,%(&.(! u/LhDdf ?=!!,*%,!^,()).– nfO{g} r'Qmf k"+hL sfod u/LPsf] xf] .

@=sDkgLsf] at{dfg ;~rfns ;ldltsf] u7g M

sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] u7g sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLsf]k|fawfg cg'?k g]kfn ;/sf/, s[lif lasf; dGqfnon] ug]{ Joj:yf eP adf]lhd xfn sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ;+/rgf b]xfo cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .

-!_>L afns[i0f lu/L, cWoIf

-@_>L O{Zj/ k|;fb l/hfn, ;b:o

k|ltlglw, s[lif lasf; dGqfno .

-#_>L led s'df/ g]kfn, ;b:o

k|ltlglw, cy{ dGqfno .

-$_>L eQm k|;fb ltldN;Lgf, ;b:o

laifo laz]if1 .

-%_>L wd{/fh clwsf/L, ;b:o–;lra

k|aGw ;~rfns,

/fli6«o aLp lahg sDkgL ln) .

#=sDkgLsf p4]]Zox? M

-s_s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos vfBfGg, t/sf/L tyf cGo afnLsf d'n aLp nufot pGgt aLp pTkfbg, v/Lb, k|zf]wg, ;+ro tyf laqmL lat/0fsf] sfo{ Joj;flos ?kdf ug]{ .

-v_pGgt aLp lahgx? cfoft tyf lgof{t ug]{ .

-u_ljleGg k|sf/sf t/sf/L, bnxg, t]nxg / cGg afnLsf aLp b]zsf ljleGg efux?sf] ef}uf]lns l:yltnfO{ ljrf/ u/L kl/dflh{t ug{sf nflu cfjZos k/LIf0f, cWoog, cGj]if0f tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ tfnLd tyf k/fdz{ ;]jf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{ u/fpg] .

-3_lghL If]qsf aLp pTkfbs sDkgLx?nfO{ cfˆgf] a|f08sf] gfddf pGgt aLp yf]sdf laqmL ug]{ .

-ª_;DalGwt lgsfo;+usf] ;dGjodf ;do;fk]If k|hgg\(Breeder)aLp pTkfbg ug]{.

-r_aLp pTkfbg, lat/0f tyf ahf/ k|j4{g ;DaGwL sfo{x? cfkm}+ jf ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ug]{ .

-5_s[lif If]qsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ls6gfzs tyf /f]u gfzs s[lif /;fog -laiffbL_ x?sf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ .

-h_aLp k|zf]wgsf] sf/vfgfx?sf] :yfkgf Pad\ ;~rfng ug]{ .

-´_sDkgLnfO{ cfo cfh{g x'g] dflysf p2]Zo;+u ;DjlGwt cGo sfo{x? ;~rfng ug]{ u/fpg] .

-~f_aLplahg ;+u ;DalGwt vfBfGgx?sf] v/Lb laqmL tyf cfoft lgof{t ug]{ . -sDkgLsf] l4tLo ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 yk u/LPsf]_

$=sDkgLsf] u7g / hgzlQm M

-!_;flassf] s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfg ldlt@)%(÷@÷@# df la36g ePkZrft\ pQm ;+:yfgn] ub}{ cfPsf]s[ifssf] dfu cg';f/sf laleGg afnLsf u'0f:t/Lo aLp lahgsf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbgo; /fli6«o aLp lahg sDkgL lnld6]8sf] u7g ePsf] xf] .

-@_sDkgLsf] :yfkgf kl5 ;flassf] s[lif ;fdu|L ;+:yfgaf6 o; sDkgLdf ;/L cfPsf laleGg >]0fLsfk|flalws / k|zf;lgs u/L xfn ;Dd sfo{/t :yfoL ;]jfdf@#,dfl;s Hofnfbf/L, ;]jf s/f/ / s/f/;]jfdf $* u/L hDdf ! hgf sd{rf/Lx? xfn sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . h;sf] laa/0f cg';'rL–! Dff pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

%=sDkgLsf sfof{nox?M

-!_s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, sf7df08f}+ .

-@_d'Vozfvf sfof{nox? O6x/L, x]6f}+8f, e}/xjf, g]kfnuGh / wgu9L .

-#_zfvf sfof{no gjnk'/ / laqmL s]Gb| hgsk'// la/uGh .

-$_aLp lahg pTkfbg kmfd{, e'mDsf .

^=sDkgL ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s M

o; cf=a=df sDkgL ;~rfngfy{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s @) k6s a;]sf] lyof] . oL a}7sx?df ePsf gLltut lg0f{ox?n] ubf{ sDkgL ;~rfng sfo{df ;xh eO{ cfh sDkgL of] cj:yfdf cfpg ;kmn ePsf]] 5 .

=ef}lts k"jf{wf/ M

-s_aLp ;~ro, k|zf]wg Pjd\ k|of]uzfnf M

sDkgLsf] aLp k|zf]wg sf/vfgf / Ifdtf Pa+ uf]bfdsf] Ifdtf / k|of]uzfnf ;+Voftflnsf g+= @ adf]lhd /x]sf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/Lsf] nflu cg'/f]w ub{5' .

tflnsf g+= – @

aLp k|zf]wg sf/vfgf, aLp lahg ;~ro uf]bfd tyf aLp k/LIf0f k|of]uzfnfsf] laa/0f

-v_sfof{no ejg Pa+hUuf hldgM

sDkgLsf] sfo{ ;~rfngsfnflu rflxg] hUuf Pad\ ejg kof{Kt gePsf], ePsf ;DklQx? klg s]lx sDkgLsf] cfkm\gf] gfddf g/x]sf] x'+bf s]lx cK7\of/f] l:ytL /x]sf] 5 . h:sf] k'li6 tflnsf g+=# df pNn]lvt laa/0fn] b]vfp+b5 .

tflnsf g+= – #

sDkgLsf] :jfldTj÷ef]u rngdf /x]sf] 3/ uf]bfd / hUuf hldg

sfof{no

hUufsf] If]qkmn -laufxf_

:jfldTj

s}lkmot

sf7df08f}+

–

–

of] sDkgL u7g ePb]lv s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgL ln= sf] gfddf /x]sf] s'n]Zj/sf] ejgdf sl/a @$!%au{ lkm6 If]qkmndf ePsf] sf]7f ;+Vof !) df sfof{no ;~rfng ePsf]df ut aif{ uPsf] lagf;sf/L e'sDkn] pQm ejg IftL k'¥ofPsf]n] xfn cToGt sl7gfOsf ;fy s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgLs} ejgsf] % sf]7fdf sfo{ ;~rfng e}/x]sf] 5 . .

O6x/L

#–!@–@–!=%

g]kfn ;/sf/

sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] sfof{no ejg÷uf]bfd

e'mDsf

*$–)–)

g]kfn ;/sf/

sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] sfof{no ejg÷uf]bfd

e}/xjf

!–^–)

/f=aL=la=s++=ln

sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] hUuf sfof{no ejg÷uf]bfd

g]kfnuGh

!–!$–%=%

/f=aL=la=s++=ln

s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgLsf] gfdsf] ejgaf6} sfo{ ;~rfng e}/x]sf] .

wgu9L

!–)–)

/f=aL=la=s++=ln

xfn pQm hUuf laleGg JolQm÷;d"x4f/f cltqmd0f ePsf] .

hgsk'/

–

–

s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgLsf] gfdsf] ejgaf6 sfd ub}{ cfPsf]

gjnk'/

%–)–)

g]kfn ;/sf/

sfof{no ejg ;lxtsf] ;+/rgf dfq sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf]

bfdg

–

g]kfn ;/sf/

uf]bfd dfq sDkgLsf] gfddf /x]sf]

*=d'Vo afnL aLpsf] cfjZostf / cfk"lt{ l:ytL M

b]zdf laBdfg vfB–kf]if0f ;'/Iffsf] ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cfwf/e't sfo{x? dWo] aLp lahgsf] cfk"lt{ Pa+ lat/0f Joa:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 ug{' cfhsf] r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfo{ ag]sf] 5 . o;} ;DaGwdf sDkgLn] cfkm\gf] p2]Zo cg'?k b]zleqsf ;Dk"0f{ ls;fgx?nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ pGgt aLp lahgsf] kl/k"lt{ ug{' lgtfGt h?/L ePsf] 5 . sltko cj:yfdf k"/fgf] aLpnfO{ gofF aLpaf6 la:yfkg ug]{ b/ -Seed Replacement Rate-SRR_ Hofb} Go"g /x]sf]n] pTkfbsTj b/ lgs} g} sd /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ctM gofF aLp lahg pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg u/L cfk"lt{ Pa+ lat/0f k|0ffnLdf ;'wf/ ug{ laBdfg pTkfbg Pa+ lat/0f k|s[ofsf af/]df ;ldIff u/L efjL /0fgLlt tof/ ug{' Pa+ ;f] adf]lhd sfo{qmd tof/ u/L Joa;fo a[l4 ug{' clt h?/L eO{;s]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] vfBfGg afnLsf] nflu aLpsf] cfjZostf Pa++ cfk"lt{ l:ytL af/] tflnsf g+=–$ adf]lhd cf+Íng ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf g+= – $

d'Vo afnL aLpsf] cfjZostf Pa+ cfk"lt{ l:ylt

-s_ ;g\ @)!) -cf=a=@)^&÷^*_ ;Ddsf] l:ytL M

-v_l;8 lehg ;g\ @)!% sf] k|If]k0f -nIf_ M

-u_l;8 lehg ;g\ @)@% sf] k|If]k0f -nIf_M

tflnsf g+=–%

cf=a=@)&#÷)&$ df ;/sf/L tyf lghLIf]qaf6 ul/g] aLp laqmL sfo{qmd

(=sDkgLsf] at{dfg lalQo l:ylt M

-s_o; sDkgLsf] cfly{s aif{ @)&@÷&# sf] jf;nft tyf gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa tof/ e} n]vf k/LIf0f ;d]t e};s]sf] 5 . n]vf k/LIf0f laa/0f cg';f/ sDkgLsf] cf=a=@)&@÷&# sf] af;nft, gfkmf÷gf]S;fgL tyf gub k|jfxsf] laa/0f cg';"rL -#_, -$_ / -%_ df ;dfa]z ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} pQm cf=a=@)&@÷&# sf] n]vf k/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf] nfuL dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6 rf6{8 Psfp06]06 >L s]za s'df/ a'9fyf]sL n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm x'g'ePsf] / lghaf6} sDkgLsf] s/ n]vfk/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/L ;dod} ;DalGwt cfGt/Ls /fh:j sfof{nodf cfo laa/0f bflvnf u/L;lsPsf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fp+b5' .

-v_sDkgL :yfkgf x'+bf g} sDkgLdf kl5 z]o/df kl/0ft x'g] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?=^ s/f]8 pknJw u/fpg] eGg] lg0f{o eP cg';f/ ?=! s/f]8 dfq k|fKt ePsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/ s[lif lasf; dGqfnoaf6 sDkgLnfO{ aLp lahg vl/b d"Nodf cg'bfg / hu]8f aLp e08f/0f sfo{qmd cGt{ut cf=a=@)^!÷^@ b]lv cf=a=@)^(÷&) ;Dd ?=$ s/f]8 $) nfvcg'bfg :j?k k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5sf cjlwdf ;f]lx cg';f/sf] cg'bfg k|fKt ePsf] 5}g . g]kfn ;/sf/n] s[ifsx?nfO{ pGgt aLp lahg vl/b d"Nodf cg'bfg pknJw u/fpg] ;DalGw sfo{lalw @)^* nfu' ePkl5 ;f] cg';f/ laut # aif{ b]lv wfg / ux+'sf] laqmL d"Nodf @)&# cfiff9 ;Dd sDkgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ :yfoL sd{rf/Lx?sf] la:yfkg jfkt pkbfg bfloTj x'g] /sd ?=(((,@&,^*).^( x'G5 . gful/s nufgL sf]ifdf o; sDkgLn] Joa:yf u/]sf] æsd{rf/L pkbfg of]ubfg sf]ifÆ df @)&# cfiff9 ;Dd ?=*,!&,#$,^^@.@) /x]sf]df rfn' cf=a=sf] *-cf7_ dlxgf;Dd sDkgLdf @ hgf sd{rf/Ln] ;]jf lga[Q e} hDdf ?=((,(@,&)%.() pQm sf]ifaf6 e'QmfgL nlu;s]sf 5g\ . ctM xfn pQm sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] ?=&,!&,$!,(%^.@( /x]sf]n] gk'u x'g] /sd ?=!,*!,(#,)!*.$( o; cf=a=df k7fpg nufO{ sDkgLsf ;Dk"0f{ :yfoL sd{rf/Lx?sf] pkbfg jfktsf] s'g} /sdnfO{ Joa:yf u/L;lsg] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgL dxfg'efjx?df hfgsf/L u/fp+Fb5' .

-u_sDkgLsf] cf=a=@)%(÷)^) b]lv cf=a=@)&@÷&# ;Ddsf] jf;nft / cfo÷Joo laa/0fsf] ;f/f+z cg';'rL–^ df ;+nUg ul/Psf] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgL dxfg'efjx?df hfgsf/Lsf]nflu cg'/f]w ub{5' .

-3_sDkgLdf sfo{/t :yfoL sd{rf/Lx? pd]/sf] xbaf6 clgjfo{ cjsf; x'+bf jf:j]R5fn] /flhgfdf lbO{ ;]jfaf6 cnu x'+bf sDkgLsf] sd{rf/L k|zf;g lalgodfjnL cg';f/ kfpg] af+sL pkbfg, ;l~rt labfsf] /sd / cf}ifwf]krf/sf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ gful/s nufgL sf]ifn] ;~rfngdf NofPsf] æpkbfg of]ubfg sf]ifÆdf k|To]s aif{ ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ah]6 :jLs[t u/fO{ lgZrLt /sd hDdf ug]{ ul/Psf] Joxf]/f cjut u/fpF+b5' .

-ª_sDkgLn] s[ifsx?sf] dfu cg';f/ laleGg afnLsf :t/Lo aLpsf] ;dod} cfk"lt{ ug]{ tyf cfkm\gf] Joa;fonfO{ la:tf/ ug{ cfly{s aif{ @)^!÷)^@ b]lv k|To]s aif{ a}+Íaf6 C0f lnP/ sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ub}{ cfO/x]sf]df cf=a=@)&@÷&# df C0f glnO{ sf/f]jf/ ul/Psf] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgL dxfg'efjx?df hfgsf/L u/fp+b5' .

!)=sDkgLaf6 ;Dkflbt aflif{s sfo{qmd M

-s_ laha[l4 tyf ;+sng sfo{qmd

sDkgLsfs]Gb|Lo sfof{no sf7df08f}+, d'Vozfvf sfof{nox? O6x/L, x]6f}+8f, e}/xjf, g]kfnuGh / wgul9 tyf zfvf sfof{no gjnk'/ / aLp lahg laqmL l8kf] sfof{no hgsk'/ / la/uGhn] s[ifs :t/df ;Demf}tf u/fO{ :jLs[t aflif{s sfo{qmd / nIf cg';f/sf laleGg afnLsf] laha[l4 sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/L aLp ;+sng÷vl/b ul//x]sf 5g\ .;fy} sDkgLn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf laleGg kmfd{x? tyf g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifb cGt{utsf laleGg s]Gb|x?af6 pTkflbt u'0f:t/o'Qm aLp klg ;+sng÷vl/b ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 .

-v_ laqmL lat/0f sfo{qmd

sDkgL4f/f ;+slnt laleGg afnLsf aLpnfO{ k|zf]wg Pa+ laifflbn] pkrf/ u/L sDkgLn] ;f]em} tyf laqm]tfx? dfk{mt u'0f:t/o'Qm aLp b]zsf laleGg efudf /x]sf ls;fgx?df laqmL lat/0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . sDkgLn] laqmL lat/0f u/]sf] aLp al9 laZj;gLo eO{/x]sf]n] sDkgLn] cfp+Fbf aif{x?df cfkm\gf sfo{qmdx? a[l4 ub}{ n}hfg]5 eGg] laZjf; lbnfpF5' .

sDkgLsf] cf=a=@)%(÷)^) b]lv cf=a=@)&@÷&# ;Ddsf] aLp lahg laqmL l:ytLsf] la:t[t laa/0f ;+nUg cg';'rL g+= @ df b]vfO{Psf]5 . pQm laa/0f cg';f/ sDkgLn] cf=a=@)&@÷&# df ($&=#@$ d]=6g sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf aLp lahgsf] cfjZostf k|To]s aif{ a[l4 x'+b} cfPsf]n] gLlh ;/sf/L ;fe]mbf/L sfo{qmd (Private andpublic partnership program)cGt{ut vfBfGg afnLsf] aLp lahgsf] laqmL sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/Psf]n] cf=a=@)&@÷&# df cfP/ ($&=#@$ d]=6g aLp s[ifs :t/df laqmL lat/0f ul/Psf] oyfy{tf z]o/wgL dxfg'efjx?df cg'/f]w ub{5' .

tflnsf g+= – ^

cf=a=@)&#÷&$ sf] k|yd dlxgf ;Ddsf] laqmL k|ult

-kl/df0fM d]=6g=_

-u_s[ifsnfO{ aLp lahg vl/b d"Nodf cg'bfg sfo{qmd M

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cf=a=@)!÷&@ sf] :jLs[t laz]if s[lif pTkfbg sfo{qmd cGt{ut pQm cf=a=df ux+' aLpdf #%Ü sf b/n] sDkgLsf] laqmL d"Nodf s[[ifsnfO{ cg'bfg lbg] sfo{qmd cGt{ut ux+' aLp %$%^=(*% d]=6g / wfg aLp @#^(=$^* d]=6g u/L hDdf &*@^=$%# d]=6gsf] cg'bfg jfktsf] ?=!%,%#,&(,(#!.!^ s[lif lasf; dGqfnoaf6k|fKt ePsf] lyof] eg] pQm cg'bfg sfo{qmdsf] @)&@ kmfu'gdf s[lif lasf; dGqfnoaf6 ul7t ækm/kmf/s sfo{bnÆ af6 km/kmf/s eof] . pQm sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf al9 k|fKt ePsf] /sd ?=!,*@,(*,!%*.!( g]kfn ;/sf/sf] vftfdf lkmtf{ k7fO;lsPsf] 5. cf=a=@)&@÷&# df ux+' aLp $$%*=($% d]=6g / wfg #^*%=)!# d]=6g u/L hDdf *!$#=(%* d]=6gsf] ?=!*,&,(!,%&(.^# sf] laa/0f cf=a=@)&#÷&$ df cfP/ km/kmf/s x'g'kg]{df ;f] sfo{ x'g] cj:yfdf 5 . cf=a=@)&@÷&# df al9 lgsf;f ePsf] cg'bfg /sd ?=#,&#,%!,@$@.%@ rfn' cf=a=@)&#÷&$ sf] k|yd * dlxgfdf ux+' aLp %)@*=#** d]=6g sf] $)Ü n] x'g] cg'bfg /sd ?=!,#*,&#,%)*.*) vr{ ePsf] Joxf]/f ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgL dxfg'efjx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fp+b5' .

-3_cGt{/fli6«o wfg afnL cg';Gwfg ;+:yf -IRRI_ ;+usf] ;fe]mbf/L sfo{qmd M

cGt{/fli6«o wfg afnL cg';Gwfg ;+:yf -IRRI_ af6 b]zdf ;'Vvf / 8'jfg If]qdf vKg] / pTkfbg lbg] wfgsf] aLp cf=a=@)@÷&# df sDkgLsf d'Vozfvf sfof{no O6x/L, g]kfnuGh / wgu9Laf6 ^&=*)% d]=6g IRRInfO{ pknJw u/fOP;lsPsf] 5 . pQm aLpsf] /sd ?=$@,@),*@&.$% ;DalGwt sfof{no dfk{mt k|fKt ePsf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fp+b5' .

-ª_@)&@ a}zfv !@ ut] uPsf] lagf;sf/L e'sDkaf6 k|efljt uf]/vf, g'jfsf]6, wflb+Ë, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, bf]nvf / /;'jf lhNnfsf s[ifsx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns lat/0f ug{ FAOaf6 dfu ePsf] ds} aLp !*) d]=6g sDkgLn] lgwf{lt ;do leq} pknJw u/fPsf] lyof]. ;f] sfo{qmd ;DkGg kZrft\ FAO af6?=!,*!,#*,!(*.^) o; sDkgLdf k|fKt e};s]sf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fp+b5' .

-r_To;} u/L e'sDk k|efljt lhNnfx? -vf]6fË, tgx'F, l;Gw'nL, eQmk'/, sf7df08f}+, u'NdL, nDh'+Ë, :of+Uhf / dsjfgk'/_ lhNnfsfe'sDk lkl8t s[ifsx?nfO{ /fxt :j?k ds} aLp lat/0f sfo{qmd o; sDkgLdf s[lif lasf; dGqfnoaf6 k|fKt ePsf]n] dfyL pNn]lvt e'sDk k|efljt lhNnfx?df sDkgLn] laleGg hftsf] ds} aLp !#$=@#% d]=6g lgMz'Ns lat/0f u/]sf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmd ;~rfng jfktsf] /sd ?=!,#(,^),$$).– sDkgLn] k|fKt u/L;s]sf] / ;f] sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu s[lif lasf; dGqfnoaf6 lgsf;f ePsf] ?=@,))),))).– dWo] af+sL /x]sf] /sd ?=^),#(,%^).– ldlt @)&#÷$÷& df g} lkmtf{ e'QmfgL u/]sf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fp+b5' .

-!!_sDkgLsf efjL sfo{qmdsf nflu ;fwf/0f ;ef ;dIf tkl;n cg';f/sf k|:tfjx? kfl/t x'g k]z ug{] cg'dtL rfxfG5' .

-!_cf=a=@)&#÷&$ sf] aflif{s k|ltj]bg kfl/t ug{ cg'/f]w ub{5' .

-@_cf=a=@)&@÷@)&# sf] nflu >L dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] sfof{noaf6 o; sDkgLsf] cfo–Joo laa/0f jf;nft, gub k|jfx laa/0f nufotsf cfly{s laa/0fx?sf] n]vf k/LIf0f ug{ vl6g' ePsf n]vfk/LIfs >L s]za s'df/ a'9fyf]sL -s]=s]=a'9fyf]sL P08 Pzf]l;P6z_ af6 n]vf k/LIf0f dfkb08 cg'?k n]vf k/LIf0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/L lbg' ePsf] k|ltj]bg sDkgLsf] jf;nft, gfkmf÷gf]S;fg tyf cfo laa/0f gub k|afx laa/0f nufotsf ;+nUg ;Dk"0f{ lalQo laa/0fx?nfO{ o; ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 kfl/t ul/lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .

-#_vfBfGg afnLsf] pGgt aLpsf] laqmL d"Nodf cg'bfg pknJw u/fpg] cg';'rL & df pNn]lvt sfo{qmdsfnflu cf=a=@)&$÷&% df ?=#$ s/f]8 !* nfv nfUg] b]lvPsf]n] pQm /sdsf] Joa:yf ug{ s[lif lasf; dGqfnodf l;kmfl/z ug]{ k|:tfj k]z ub{5'.

-$_sDkgLn] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] aLp lahgsf] sf/f]jf/nfO{ lg/Gt ?kdf a[l4 gu/L gx'g]x'+bf aLp ;~ro e08f/ lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu O6x/L / gjnk'/df !–! xhf/ d]=6g Ifdtfsf aLp lahg uf]bfd lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu s[lif lasf; dGqfnoaf6 k|fKt x'g] ?=% s/f]8 /sd -cg';'rL–!)_af6 o; cf=a=df lgdf{0f sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 eg] RISMFP ;+usf] ;xsfo{df g]kfnuGhdf aLp lahg uf]bfd nufotsf ;+/rgf lgdf{0f e}/x]sf] 5 . o:t} u/L wgu9Ldf ePsf] hUuf cltqmdLtaf6 5'6fO{ cGoq Joa:yf u/]/ bft[ lgsfoaf6 nufgL vf]h]/ aLp lahg uf]bfd nufotsf ;+/rgfx? agfOg]5 . KUBKsf] ;xsfo{df e}/xjfsf] sf/vfgf tyf uf]bfd lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{qmd cuf8L al9;s]sf] 5 . k"j{ d]rL b]lv klZrd wgu9L ;Dd aLp lahg ;+/rgf Pa+ uf]bfddf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] rf;f]sf] laifo agf]; / df}h'bf ;+/rgf, k|zf]wg d]lzg/L / ;~ro uf]bfd lgdf{0f Pa+ dd{tsf nflu cf=a=@)&$÷&%sf] -cg';'rL–_df pNn]lvt aLp lahg ;+/rgf / uf]bfd lgdf{0f ug{ o; sDkgLn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 sl/a ?=!( s/f]8 @% nfv nufgLsf nflu k|:tfj k]z ul/Psf] 5.

-%_ b]zdf cfOkg]{ afl9 klx/f] ;'Vvf cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ s[ifsx?n] nufPsf afnL k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf gi6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o;/L gi6 ePsf 7fp+x?df s[ifsx?;+u k"gM afnL nufpg aLp gx'g] Pjd\ pQm ;dodf ahf/df aLpsf] cefj x'g] / ahf/df aLp ePklg s[ifsx?;+u qmozQmLsf] cefjn] ubf{ k"gM aLp vl/b u/L afnL nufpg g;Sg] l:ytLdf k'Ug] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . h:n] ubf{ b]zdf vfBfGgsf] sdL x'g] ub{5 . o;/L b]zdf k|lts'n df};d ePsf] cj:yfdf klg vfBfGg afnL aLpsf] cfk"lt{ Joa:yf ;'lglZrt ug{sfnflu hu]8f aLpsf] Joa:yf ug{' cfhsf] 68\sf/f] cfjZostf ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] hu]8f aLpsf] Joa:yf ug{ o; sDkgLnfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] x'gfn] l;8 lehgn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] hu]8f aLp e08f/0fsf] nIf cg';f/ cf=a=@)&$÷&% df wfg tyf ux+'sf] aLp !))) d]=6g ;Dd hu]8fdf /fVg] sfo{qmdsf]nflu aLp lahg vl/b ug{ sl/a ?=@,)),)),))).– -b'O{ s/f]8_ cg'bfg Joa:yf x'g g]kfn ;/sf/ s[lif lasf; dGqfnodf l;kmfl/z ug]{ k|:tfj k]z ub{5' .

-^_sDkgLsf] k|aGwkqsf] lgod #-u_ df sDkgLn] laleGg k|sf/sf bnxg / cGo afnLsf aLp b]zsf laleGg efux?sf] ef}uf]lns l:ytLnfO{ larf/ u/L kl/dflh{t ug{sf]nflu cfjZos kl/If0f, cWoog, cGj]if0f tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ tflnd tyf k/fdz{ ;]jf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{÷u/fpg] eGg] pNn]v ePsf]n] pQm sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf sfo{qmd ;~rfngfy{ vr{sf]nflu cf=a=@)&$÷&% df g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo lgsfoaf6 sDkgLnfO{ cfly{s ;xof]u pknJw x'g] Joa:yfsf]nflu s[lif lasf; dGqfnodf yk nufgLsf nflu l;kmfl/z ug]{ k|:tfj k]z ub{5' .

-&_sDkgLdf xfn O6x/L, x]6f}+8f, gjnk'/ e}/xjf / wgu9Ldf /x]sf aLp lahg k|of]uzfnfx?sf] :t/ / Ifdtf a[l4 u/L cfGtl/s u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ug{ lgtfGt cfjZos b]lvPsf]n] g]kfn ;/sf/ Pa+ laleGg bft[ lgsfox?af6 cfly{s >f]tsf] Joa:yf x'g s[lif lasf; dGqfnodf l;kmfl/z ug]{ k|:tfj k]z ub{5' .

-*_sDkgLdf sf/f]jf/ ;~rfngaf6 cf=a=@)&@÷&# df cfos/ Joa:yf cl3sf] gfkmf ?=$,^*,)#,!(#.– ePsf]n] pQm gfkmf ePsf]/sdsf] *Ü n] x'g] /sd ?=#&,$$,@%%.– k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ af]g; P]g cg';f/ sfo{/t sd{rf/LnfO{ af]g; /sd lat/0f ug{ k|:tfj k]z u/]sf] 5' .

-!@_laz]if k|:tfj M

!=;~rfns ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&#÷!!÷!ut] a;]sf] #)*cf}+ a}7sn] u/]sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ sDkgLsf] k|aGw kq / lgodfjnLdf-cg';'rL–*_ pNn]lvt a'+bfx?df ;+zf]wg ug{'kg]{ ePsf] x'+bf of] k|:tfj k]z ul/Psf] 5 . pQm ;+zf]wg k|:tfjnfO{ ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf :jLs[tL lng k7fpg'kg]{ ePsf]n] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 :jLs[tL k|bfg ul/lbg' x'g of] k|:tfj k]z ub{5' .

@=sDkgL ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&#÷*÷* ut] a;]sf] #)! cf}+ a}7sn] lg0f{o u/] cg';f/ -cg';'rL–(_ sDkgL P]g @)^# sf] bkmf (! sf]-@_ adf]lhd sDkgLdf k"0f{sflng sfo{ ug]{ ;~rfnsx?nfO{ cf=a=@)&@÷&# sf] cfos/ kl5sf] d'gfkmfsf] #Ü k'/:sf/ lat/0f ug{ :jLs[tL x'g k|:tfj k]z ub{5' .

-!#_;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfd sf/jflxsf] laa/0fdf b:tvt ug{{sf]nflu ;~rfns ;ldltsf] tk{maf6 >L afns[i0f lu/L / z]o/ wgLsf] tk{maf6 s[lif lasf; dGqfnosf k|ltlglw >L ======nfO{ tf]Sg] k|:tfj k]z u/]sf] 5' .

z]o/wgL dxfg'efaHo"x?,

cfkm\gf] cd"No ;do k|bfg u/L sDkgLsf] kGw|f}+aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ;kmn kfg{ pkl:yt x'g' ePsf]df cfef/ k|s6 ub}{ o; ;efdf ;lqmo?kdf efulnO{ cd"No /fo tyf ;'emfa k|bfg u/L sDkgLnfO{ dfu{bz{g ul/lbg' x'g]5eGg] laZjf; lnPsf] 5' .

cGTodf, cfufdL lbgx?df sDkgLnfO{ cem a9L ;zQm, k|efjsf/L Pa+ pknJwLd"ns ;+:yfsf] ?kdf lasl;t ug]{ k|lta4tf JoQm ub}{ pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgL dxfg'efjHo"x?nfO{ k"gM xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg ub{5' .

afns[i0f lu/L

cWoIf

ldltM @)&#kmfu'g@& ut] . /fli6«o aLp lahg sDkgL ln)

cg';'rL – !

hgzlQm laa/0f -kl/df0fM d]=6 g=_

cg';'rL – @

sDkgLsf] cf=a=@)%(÷)^) b]lv cf=a=@)&@÷&# ;Ddsf] aLp lahg laqmL l:ytL

1