JAMES E. BUTLER
University Education:
Ph.D., University of Chicago, Chemistry 1972
B.S, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chemical Physics 1966
Professional Experience:
2014 to date Consultant, Gemological Institute of America
2016 to date International Scientific Advisory Committee, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (LETI)
2013 to date Visiting Scientist, Vanderbilt University, Physics Department
2016 to date Vice President for Diamond Technologies, Euclid Techlabs LLC
2012 to date Founder, Chief Scientist, Diamond Foundry, Inc.
2010 to date Research Associate – Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington DC
2011 to date Consultant to Applied Diamond, Inc., Wilmington MA
2013-2016 Professor, Department of Physics, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (LETI)
2013-2017 Leading Scientist, Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Academy of Sciences, and St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (LETI), Russian Ministry of Science and Education ‘Mega grant’
2011 to 2016 Senior Researcher, Euclid Techlabs, Solon, OH
2012 to 2013 Consultant to International Technology Center, Inc. Rayleigh NC
2010 to 2012 SAIC Inc. – part time contractor at Naval Research Laboratory
2010 to 2011 Consultant to Apollo Diamond Inc., Boston MA
2010 to 2011 Consultant to Euclid Tech Labs, Solon OH
2010 Consultant to Delaware Diamond Knives, Wilmington DE
2006 to date Appointed to Editorial Review Board of Gems and Gemology, the quarterly Journal of the Gemological Institute of America
1975-2010 Research Chemist, Head – Gas/Surface Dynamics Section, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC
1972-1975 NIH Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Chicago (Prof. S.A. Rice)
2012 Distinguished Visitor, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
2012 - 2013 Visiting Scientist, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
2007 Visiting Professor, Physics, Univ. of Warwick, UK
2006 Visiting Professor, Physics, Univ. of Melbourne, Australia
1997 Benjamin Meeker Visiting Professor of Physics and Chemistry, Univ. of Bristol, UK
1996 Distinguished Lecturer, Mechanical Engineering, Univ. of Minn., Minn., MN
1982-1983 Sabbatical Fellow, Inst. for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Japan
1982 Visiting Research Officer, NRC of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
Memberships:
American Physical Society, Optical Society of America, American Chemical Society, Materials Research Society, Sigma Xi Research Society
Awards:
1986 NRL Allen Berman Research Publication Award
2001 Sigma Xi, Applied Science, NRL Edison Chapter
2002 NRL Allen Berman Research Publication Award
2008 Technology Transfer Award – Naval Research Laboratory
2009 Hillebrand Award, American Chemical Society – Chemical Society of Washington
2010 Department of Navy Meritorious Civilian Service Award – Naval Research Laboratory
2013 Recipient of Russian Ministry of Education ‘Megagrant’, 41 awards from ca. 750 applications in all fields of science
Synergistic Activities:
served as technical advisor to ONR, SDIO, NSF, and DARPA on various diamond research initiatives, chaired a Gordon Research Conference on Diamond, participated as a technical expert in a White House inquiry on controlling trade of ‘conflict’ diamonds, served a consultant to various companies in the industrial diamond industry, participated in the organization of numerous international conferences, and serves on the advisory board for the journal Gems and Gemology.
Short Bio:
Dr. James E. Butler is currently a consultant in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and applications of diamond materials in Huntingtown MD, Senior Scientist at Euclid Techlabs, and “Leading Scientist” for a Russian Ministry of Science and Education ‘Megagrant’ 2013 to 2016 (only 40 awarded in all fields of science each year). He retired from the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in 2010 after 38 years of federal service (35 at NRL). At NRL he was the head of the Gas/Surface Dynamics Section where he researched the fundamental chemical processes of CVD with a particular focus on diamond CVD growth mechanisms, surface chemistry, defect characterization, and applications. Dr. Butler received a S.B in Chemical Physics from MIT in 1966, and his Ph.D. in Chemical Physics from The University of Chicago in 1972. Dr. Butler has published over 273 refereed journal papers in experimental chemical physics, including elementary reaction dynamics, chemical kinetics, laser photochemistry, spectroscopy, optical diagnostics, surface chemistry and diverse chemical vapor processing systems. (for a listing see http://www.researcherid.com/rid/B-7965-2008). He has given numerous plenary and invited technical presentations at professional society meetings, international conferences, and universities. In addition to serving as technical advisor to ONR, SDIO, NSF, and DARPA on various diamond research initiatives, he has participated as an technical expert in a White House inquiry on controlling trade of ‘conflict’ diamonds, served a consultant to various companies in the industrial diamond industry, chaired a Gordon Research Conference on Diamond, participated in the organization of numerous international conferences, and serves on the advisory board for the journal Gems and Gemology. He was presented with the Sigma Xi NRL Edison Chapter Applied Science Award in 2001, the NRL Technology Transfer Award in 1995 and 2009, and the Chemical Society of Washington Hillebrand and the Navy’s Meritorious Civilian Service Awards in 2010. As of April 2017, his citation metrics were: Researcherid – 9451 citations, H factor 53; Google Scholar – 13825 citations, H factor 60.
Productivity:
9 book chapters
5 patents
Selected Publications (of 279): H factor of 53 (60 in Google Scholar) as of April 2017
All publications at: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/B-7965-2008
200. “Effect of material properties on low-energy electron transmission in thin chemical-vapor deposited diamond films”, J. E. Yater, A. Shih, J. E. Butler, and P. E. Pehrsson. J. of Appl. Phys. 97, 093717 (2005).
201. Corrigendum: “Excitonic recombinations and energy levels of highly boron doped homoepitaxial diamond films before and after hydrogenation”, C. Baron, M. Wade, A. Deneuville, E. Bustarret, T. Kociniewski, J. Chavallier, C. Uzan-Seguy, R. Kalish, and J.Butler, Diam. and Rel. Mat., 14, 1736 (2005).
202. “Photochemical Functionalization of Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond Surfaces: A Structural and Mechanistic Study”, B. M. Nichols, J.E. Butler, J.N. Russell, Jr., and R. J. Hamers, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 20938-20947 (2005).
203. “2D photonic crystals fabricated in wide bandgap nanocrystalline diamond,” J. W. Baldwin, M. Zalalutdinov, T. Feygelson, J. E. Butler, and B. H. Houston, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 6002, 600213 (2005)
204. “Fabrication of short wavelength photonic crystals in wide bandgap nanocrystalline diamond films”, J. W. Baldwin, M. Zalalutdinov, T. Feygelson, J. E. Butler and B. H. Houston, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 24, 50 (2006).
205. ”New direct evidence of point defects interacting with dislocations and grain boundaries in diamond”, Mora AE, Steeds JW, Butler JE, Yan CS, Mao HK, Hemley RJ, Fisher D
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE 202 (15): 2943-2949 DEC 2005.
206. “Some recent advances on the n-type doping of diamond”, Chevallier J, Kociniewski T, Saguy C, Kalish R, Cytermann C, Barbe M, Ballutaud D, Jomard F, Deneuville A, Baron C, Butler JE, Koizumi S, GETTERING AND DEFECT ENGINEERING IN SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY XI SOLID STATE PHENOMENA 108-109: 703-708 2005.
207. “MEMS applications using diamond thin films “, Huff MA, Aidala DA, Butler JE, SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY 49 (4): 45-+ APR 2006.
208. “The role of charge trapping at grain boundaries on charge transport in polycrystalline CVD diamond based detectors”, S.M .Hearne, E. Trajkov, D.N. Jamieson, J.E. Butler and S. Prawer, J. Appl. Phys. 99, 113703 (2006).
209. “The initial stages of graphite formation on the diamond (100) 2x1 surface”, S.R. Haines, K.H. Williams, N. Almond, M. Schwitters, D.S. Martin, J.E. Butler, and P. Weightman, J. of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, 152, 33-36 (2006).
210. “Electrical bias dependant photochemical functionalization of diamond surfaces”, B.M. Nichols, K.M. Metz, K.Y. Tse, J.E. Butler, J.N. Russell, Jr., and R.J. Hamers, J. of Phys. Chem. B, 110(3), 16535-16543 (2006).
211. “Semiconductor Surface-Induced 1,3 Hydrogen Shift: The Role of Covalent vs Zwitterionic Character”, M.P. Schwartz, D.E. Barlow, J.N. Russell Jr., K.P Weidkamp, J.E. Butler, M.P. D’Evelyn, and R.J. Hamers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 11054-11061 (2006).
212. “An investigation of structural and electrical properties of boron doped and undoped nanocrystalline diamond films”, A. Hikavyy, P. Clauws, J. Maes, V.V. Moshchalkov, J.E. Butler, T. Feygelson, O.A. Williams, M. Daenen, K. Haenen, Phys.Stat.Sol (a) 203, 3021-3027 (2006).
213. “Optical bleaching, TSL, and OSL Features of CVD Diamond”, M. Benabdesselam, P. Iacconi, L. Trinkler, B. Berzina, and J.E. Butler, Rad. Protect. Dosim. 119, 390-393 (2006).
214. “Thermoluminescence Properties of CVD Diamond for Clinical Dosimetry Use”, M. Benabdesselam, B. Serrano, P. Iacconi, F. Wrobel, D. Lapraz, J. Herault, and J.E. Butler, Rad. Protect. Dosim. 120, 87-90 (2006).
215. “Nanocrystalline diamond resonator array for RF signal processing”, Jeffrey W. Baldwin, Maxim K. Zalalutdinov, Tatyana Feygelson, Bradford B. Pate, James E. Butler and Brian H. Houston, Diamond and Related Materials, 15, 2061-2067 (2006).
216. “Role of film-substrate interface in the internal friction of nanocrystalline diamond films”, T.H. Metcalf, X. Liu, B.H. Houston, J.E. Butler, T. Feygelson, MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING 442 (1-2): 332-335 (2006).
217. “Neutron Transmutation of 10B Doped Diamond”, K. Jagannadham, M.L. Reed, M.J. Lance, T.R. Watkins, K. Verghese, J.E. Butler, A. Smirnov, Diamond and Related Materials, 16, 50-62 (2007).
218. "Observation of Whispering Gallery Modes in Nanocrystalline Diamond Microdisks." C. F. Wang, Y-S. Choi, J. C. Lee, E. L. Hu, J. Yang, J. E. Butler, Applied Physics Letters, 90, 081110 (2007).
219. “Direct Electrical Detection of antigen-antibody binding on diamond and silicon substrates using electrical impedance spectroscopy”, W.S. Yang, J.E. Butler, J.N. Russell, Jr., R.J. Hamers, Analyst, 132, 296-306 (2007).
220. “Surface composition, bonding, and morphology in the nucleation and growth of ultra-thin, high quality nanocrystalline diamond films,” Anirudha V. Sumant, David S. Grierson, Andrew R. Konicek, P. U. P. A. Gilbert, Mike Abrecht, James E. Butler, Tatyana Feygelson, Shlomo S. Rotter, and Robert W. Carpick, Diamond and Related Materials, 16, 718-724 (2007).
221. “Characterization of B-doped polycrystalline diamond films using thermally stimulated luminescence”, M. Benabdesselam, P. Iacconi, F. Wrobel, A. Petifils, J.E. Butler, Diamond and Related Materials, 16, 805-808 (2007).
222. “Atomic layer deposition of ZnO thin films on boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond”, A. Hikavyy, P. Clauws, K. Vanbesien, P. De Visschere, O.A. Williams, M. Daenen, K. Haenen, J.E. Butler, T. Feygelson, Diamond and Related Materials, 16, 983-986 (2007).
223. “Diamond merged diode”, M. Kubovic, H. El-Haji, J.E. Butler, and E. Kohn, Diamond and Related Materials, 16, 1033-1037 (2007).
224. “Role of TL thermal quenching in CVD diamond for medical applications”, A. Petitfils, F. Wrobel, M. Benabdesselam, P. Iacconi, and J.E. Butler, Diamond and Related Materials, 16, 1062-1065 (2007).
225. "Optical absorption, depolarization, and scatter of epitaxial single-crystal chemical-vapor-deposited diamond at 1.064 mu m," Giorgio Turri, Ying Chen, Michael Bass, David Orchard, James E. Butler, Sally Magana, Tatayana Feygelson, Derrick Thiel, Kevin Fourspring, , Randle V. Dewees, Jean M. Bennett, Joni Pentony, Samantha Hawkins, Meghan Baronowski, Andrew Guenthner, Michael D. Seltzer, Daniel C. Harris and C. Martin Stickley, Optical Engineering 46 (6) (2007).
226. “Fabrication of suspended single crystal diamond devices by electrochemical etch”, C.F. Wang, E.L. Hu, J. Yang, J.E. Butler, J.Vac.Sci.Technol.B, 25, 730-733 (2007).
227. “Covalent Molecular Functionalization of Diamond Thin Film Transistors”, Bin Sun, Sarah Baker, James E. Butler, Heesuk Kim, John N. Russell, Jr., Lu Shang, Kiu-Yuen Tse, Wensha Yang, and Robert J. Hamers, Diam. and Rel. Materials, 16, 1608-1615 (2007).
228. “UV-Semi-Transparent Nanocrystalline Diamond Films as a Type-II Heterojunction to 4H-SiC”, Marko J. Tadjer, Karl D. Hobart, Joshua D. Caldwell, J. E. Butler, Kendrick X. Liu, Charles R. Eddy Jr., D. Kurt Gaskill, K. K. Lew, Brenda L. VanMil, Mario G. Ancona, Fritz J. Kub, and Tatyana I. Feygelson, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 91, 163508 _2007.
229. “Direct photopatterning and SEM imaging of molecular monolayers on diamond surfaces: mechanistic insights into UV-initiated grafting”, Xiaoyu Wang, Paula Colavita, Kevin M. Metz, James E. Butler, and Robert J. Hamers, Langmuir, 23, 11623-11630, 2007.
230. “Fabrication and characterization of two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities in nanocrystalline diamond”, C. F. Wang, R. Hanson, D. D. Awschalom, E. L. Hu, T. Feygelson, J. Yang, and J. E. Butler, Appl. Phys. Lett., 91, 201112, 2007.
231. “Mossbauer study of Fe-57 in CVD diamond following Mn-57 implantation”, K. Bharuth-Ram, V.V. Naicker, D. Naidoo, H.P. Gunnlaugsson, R. Mantovan, G. Weyer, M. Dietrich, J.E. Butler, Hyperfine Interactions 179/1-3 17-22 (2007)
232. “A Mechanism for Crystal Twinning in the Growth of Diamond by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)”, James E. Butler and Ivan Oleynik, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, 366, 295-311 (2008).
233. “Using Phosphorescence as a Fingerprint for the Hope and Other Blue Diamonds”, Sally Eaton-Magaña, Jeffrey Post, Peter Heaney, Jaime Freitas, Paul Klein, Roy Walters, James E. Butler, Geology, 36, 83-86 (2008).
234. “Fluorescence Spectra of Colored Diamonds Using a Rapid, Mobile Spectrometer”, Sally Eaton-Magaña, Jeffrey E. Post, Peter J. Heaney, Roy A. Walters, Christopher M. Breeding, and James E. Butler, Gems and Gemology, 43, 332-351 (2008).
235. “Thermal quenching investigation in chemical vapor deposited diamond by simultaneous detection of thermally stimulated luminescence and conductivity,” M. Benabdesselam, A. Petitfils, F. Wrobel, J.E. Butler, and F. Mady, J. Appl. Phys. 103, 114908 (2008).
236. “The CVD of Nanodiamond Materials”, J.E. Butler and A.V. Sumant, Chemical Vapor Deposition, 14, 145-160 (2008).
237. “Reactive ion etching of waveguide structures in diamond”, Mark P. Hiscocks, Christopher J. Kaalund, François Ladouceur, Shane T. Huntington, Brant C. Gibson, Steven Trpkovski, David Simpson, Eric Ampem-Lassen, Steven Prawer, and James E. Butler, Diam.& Rel. Materials, 17, 1831-1834 (2008).
238. “CVD-Diamond External Cavity Raman Laser at 573nm”, Richard P. Mildren, James E. Butler, and James R. Rabeau, Optics Express, 16, 1895—18955 (2008).
239. “Integration of microwave plasma CVD diamond with optical waveguides: Towards the realisation of diamond-based photonic devices”, S. Trpkovski, B.C. Gibson, D. Simpson, E. Ampem-Lassen, F.M. Hossain, L.C.L. Hollenberg, S. Prawer, S.T. Huntington, L. Bui, A. Mitchell, C. Kaalund, M. Hiscocks, F. Ladouceur, J.E. Butler, Industrial Diamond Review, 68, 28-33 (2008).
240. “Controlled synthesis of high quality micro/nano-diamonds by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition”, Alastair Stacey, Igor Aharonovich and Steven Prawer, and James E. Butler, Diam. & Rel. Materials, 18, 51-55 (2009).
241. “Detection of DNA hybridization on a functionalized diamond surface using reflection anisotropy spectroscopy”, C.I. Smith, A. bowfield, M.C. Cuquerella, C.P. Mansley, T. Farrell, P. Harrison, D.S. Martin, D.G. Fernig, C. Edwards, J.E. Butler, R.J. Hames, B. Sun, X. Wang, P. Weightman, European Physics Lett., 85, 18006 (2009).