ITEM 656 ROADSIDE CLEANUP
656.01Description
656.02Intensity of Cleanup
656.03Cleaning
656.04Pruning
656.05Disposal of Refuse
656.06Method of Measurement
656.07Basis of Payment
656.01 Description. This work consists of cleaning up outside the excavated and filled areas and disposing of undesirable plants and other vegetative growth, prunings, rubbish, stumps, conspicuous stones, all down timber, dead brush, logs and timbers; felling and destroying of all snags and such dangerous trees; and pruning trees, native shrubs and similar vegetation but does not include work to be preformed under Item201.
656.02 Intensity of Cleanup. Control the intensity of cleanup to effect a natural transition in cleanup treatment from the edge of the pavement outward to the limits of the Right-of-Way to avoid sharp demarcation between the artificial and the natural.
656.03 Cleaning. After removal of large objects, clean the designated areas with grubbing rakes or wide-spaced tooth rakes. Do not disturb or injure desirable grass, vines, or wild flowers.
656.04 Pruning. Prune trees 6 inches (150 mm) or less in diameter and native shrubs and similar vegetation according to Item 666. Consider the diameter of existing trees to be the diameter measured at 54 inches (1.4 m) above the ground.
656.05 Disposal of Refuse. Use all suitable material in the work. Alternatively legally use, recycle or dispose of all excavated materials in according to 105.16 and 105.17.
656.06 Method of Measurement. The Department will measure Roadside Cleanup by the number of Msquare feet (square meters) cleaned up and accepted.
The Department will determine the boundaries of the area to be cleaned up and the number of units.
656.07 Basis of Payment. The Department will pay for accepted quantities at the contract price as follows:
ItemUnitDescription
656M Square FeetRoadside Cleanup
(Square Meter)
ITEM 657 RIPRAP FOR TREE PROTECTION
657.01Description
657.02Materials
657.03Tree Wells in Fill
657.04Walls in Cut
657.05Hand-Laid Stone Riprap
657.06Earthwork
657.07Pipe Drains
657.08Method of Measurement
657.09Basis of Payment
657.01 Description. This work consists of furnishing and placing riprap for protecting selected trees or shrubs by tree wells and retaining walls.
657.02 Materials. Furnish stone consisting of sandstone, limestone, or other natural rock with a maximum 30 percent single slab loss and a maximum 20 percent cumulative loss after testing to ASTM D 5240. Use an 8-inch slab test sample. The Department may waive testing when the stone source has a known durability history. Furnish embankment according to Item 203. Unless otherwise specified, use 4-inch (100 mm) pipe conforming to 603 Type E conduits.
657.03 Tree Wells in Fill. Where a fill around a tree or shrub not marked for removal will be 12 inches (0.3 m) or more in depth over the feeding root area or ground surface lying within the periphery of the tree, construct a dry hand-laid stone riprap tree well. Construct a wall, of the same height as the fill, circling the tree or shrub and 3 1/2 feet (1m) from the tree trunk or as specified. Construct the wall so that the top of the wall follows the contour on the finished grade in a neat line.
Construct tree wells before placing the fill over the root area. However, the Contractor may bring up the fill with the wall after required aggregate for root aeration is in place according to Item 658.
657.04 Walls in Cut. Where the top of the slope in cut is within 6 feet (2 m) of the trunk of a tree not marked for removal, construct a dry hand-laid stone riprap wall. Toe the bottom of the wall into the ground 2 inches (50 mm) unless otherwise shown on the plans, and make the top of the wall even with the original ground line at the base of the tree. Extend the length of the wall far enough from the tree to amply cover the roots, or according to the shape and size as shown on the plans. Flare the ends of the wall back, and taper or fade them out into the finished grade of the slope in a neat line.
657.05 Hand-Laid Stone Riprap. Construct the earth bed on which riprap is to be placed to a slope of 1 foot (300 mm) vertical to 2 inches (50 mm) horizontal. Dress the earth bed to a true plane. Where riprap is to rest against a fill, tamp the embankment against the back of the stone.
Construct riprap for walls or wells according to the arrangements and dimensions shown on the plans. Lay each course with the long dimensions of each stone perpendicular to the slope or batter.
Use individual stones that are roughly rectangular in cross-section and are a minimum of 3 inches (75 mm) in the vertical depth with a horizontal dimension of not less than 15 inches (0.4m). Place the individual stones by hand, one upon the other so that they break joints with the stone in the course below. Where it is necessary to use more than one stone to provide the specified thickness or depth of the wall, thereby resulting in joints parallel to the face of the wall, place such stones to break joints with the adjacent stones.
Fill the space between the larger stones with spalls rammed into place. Ensure that the surface of the finished riprap does not vary more than 3 inches (75 mm) from that shown on the plans, and that it presents an even, tight surface, pleasing in appearance.
657.06 Earthwork. Perform excavation and embankment, as necessary, according to Item 203.
657.07 Pipe Drains. Drain tree wells with pipe starting on the original ground surface and lay to drain beyond the toe of the fill. Install pipe for drains according to Item 603.
657.08 Method of Measurement. The Department will measure Riprap for Tree Protection by the number of square yards (square meters) in place, completed and accepted. The Department will measure parallel to the face of the wells or walls.
657.09 Basis of Payment. The Department will pay for embankment and excavation under Item 203 and the pipe for drains under Item 603.
The Department will pay for accepted quantities at the contract price for as follows:
ItemUnitDescription
657Square YardRiprap for Tree Protection
(Square Meter)
ITEM 658 TREE ROOT AERATION
658.01Description
658.02Materials
658.03Preparation
658.04Aeration for Trees Not Welled
658.05Aeration with Tree Wells
658.06Earth Embankment
658.07Method of Measurement
658.08Basis of Payment
658.01 Description. This work consists of furnishing and placing the necessary aggregate and tile for the protection and aeration of the roots of trees and shrubs.
Use all suitable material in the work. Alternatively legally use, recycle or dispose of all excavated materials according to 105.16 and 105.17.
658.02 Materials. Furnish aggregate for tree root aeration and protection consisting of No. 4 or 467 limestone or gravel with a maximum sodium soundness loss of 15 percent.
Furnish 4-inch (100 mm) pipe conforming to 603 Type E conduit. Furnish embankment conforming to Item203.
658.03 Preparation. The feeding root area to be protected and aerated is the ground surface area lying within the periphery of the tree or shrub not marked for removal. Prepare these areas by excavate all vegetation, wood, brush, and debris.
658.04 Aeration for Trees Not Welled. Where the earth fill is less than 12 inches (300 mm) and more than 4 inches (100 mm) over the feeding root area, loosely spread an aggregate aeration course of one-half the height of fill, but not less than 3 inches (75 mm), over this area. At the tree trunk, increase the thickness to the height of the fill and extend it outward from the tree trunk in collar form for a distance of 15 inches (0.4 m). Place a 2-inch (50mm) layer of straw or hay over the aggregate.
658.05 Aeration with Tree Wells. Place an aeration course of aggregate while constructing the tree wells and before any other filling. Do not place any aggregate inside the tree well (between the wall and the tree trunk). Place the aggregate over the entire feeding root area outside of the tree wells to a total depth of 6 inches (150mm) for each 12 inches (300 mm) of earth fill, or proportion thereof, but place a minimum depth of 6 inches (150 mm) regardless of depth of overlying fill. Place a 2-inch (50 mm) layer of straw or hay over the aeration layer.
658.06 Earth Embankment. Perform excavation and embankment, as necessary, according to Item 203.
658.07 Method of Measurement. The Department will measure Tree Root Aeration by the number of cubic yards (cubic meters), measured in the carrier or truck according to 109, of the aggregate furnished, placed, completed, and accepted.
658.08 Basis of Payment. The Department will pay for embankment and excavation under Item 203 and the pipe under Item 603.
The Department will pay for accepted quantities at the contract price as follows:
ItemUnitDescription
658Cubic YardTree Root Aeration
(Cubic Meter)
Item 659 SEEDING AND MULCHING
659.01Description
659.02Testing of Soil or Topsoil
659.03Lime
659.04Commercial Fertilizer
659.05Topsoil
659.06Compost
659.07Seeds
659.08Legumes
659.09Native Grasses and Wildflowers
659.10Site Preparation
659.11Placing Topsoil
659.12Seeding Methods
659.13Mulching Operation
659.14Straw Mulch
659.15Wood Fiber Mulch
659.16Compost Mulch
659.17Watering
659.18Maintenance
659.19Mowing
659.20Repair Seeding and Mulching
659.21Inter-Seeding
659.22Fertilization: 2nd Application
659.23Performances
659.24Method of Measurement
659.25Basis of Payment
659.01 Description. This work consists of placing topsoil, preparing the seed bed, and placing and incorporating seed, agricultural lime, commercial fertilizer, and placing mulching material.
Perform this work in stages according to Item 207.
Perform this work in areas shown on the plans for seeding and mulching.
Perform seeding and mulching after completing all work in the area and within 7 days of obtaining final grade. If it is anticipated that future work may disturb an area, place temporary seed (Class 7), and provide mulch according to Item 207 and perform seeding and mulching after all work is completed. If the Contractor disturbs a final area, then the Contractor shall restore this area.
Use all excavation material in the work. Alternatively legally use, recycle, or dispose of all excavated materials according to 105.16 and 105.17.
659.02 Testing of Soil or Topsoil. When a Soil Analysis Test of the soil or topsoil is required in the plans, use the following sampling frequency to determine the lime required:
A.When an area is near final grade, perform Standard Soil Analysis Test to measure the soil acidity or alkalinity (pH) if no topsoil is to be placed. This testing will determine the soil requirements for lime. If the soil requirements are different than the standard lime mixture ratio application rates then the standard application rate shall be adjusted up or down such that the soil requirements are met. If liquid lime is used then use the following application table to achieve a pH of 6.5 or greater. Calculate the difference between the soil pH and 6.5 pH.
Difference / 0.25 / 0.50 / 0.75 / 1.0Application rate
in gals/ac (L/ha) / 2.5 (4) / 5 (8) / 10 (15) / 20 (30)
Example:Soil Analysis Test pH=5.75 required pH=6.5 difference= .75 required application rate is 10 gals/ac (15L/ha) Only use Liquid lime on the QPL list. Provide the Engineer with the Liquid Lime manufacturers written application rate. The Engineer will only accept printed application rates.
There will be no change in the mixture ratio. The sampling frequency is one sample every 10 acres (4.0 ha) per project side or one sample per project side which ever is greater. A sample consist of 15 soil cores in a random pattern spaced at a minimum of 500 feet (153 m) apart. Sample any change in soil. Soil changes can be seen as color and/or texture changes.
B.If placing topsoil, perform the Standard Soil Analysis Test from topsoil stockpiles to measure the topsoil acidity or alkalinity (pH). This testing will determine the soil requirements for lime. If the topsoil requirements are different than the standard lime mixture ratio application rates then the standard application rate shall be adjusted up or down such that the topsoil requirements are met.
If liquid lime is used then use the following application table to achieve a pH of 6.5 or greater. Calculate the difference between the soil pH and 6.5 pH.
Difference / .25 / .50 / .75 / 1.0Application rate
in gals/ac (L/ha) / 2.5 (4) / 5 (8) / 10 (15) / 20 (30)
Example: Soil Analysis Test pH=5.75 required pH=6.5 difference= .75 required application rate is 10 gals/ac (15L/ha) Only use Liquid lime on the QPL list. Provide the Engineer with the Liquid Lime manufacturers written application rate. The Engineer will only accept printed application rates.
There will be no change in the mixture ratio. The sampling frequency is one sample every 10,000 cubic yards (7600 m3) of a topsoil stockpile, or at least two samples per stock pile which ever is greater. Test each stockpile. A sample consisting of 15 soil cores in a random pattern spaced evenly throughout the stockpile.
Mix the 15 cores from each sample and then remove 1 pint (0.5 L) for testing.
The Ohio County Extension offices can provide the Contractor with a soil sample kit and testing laboratory locations.
The Department will review the sample test results and approve application rates for the standard mixture ratios provided by the Contractor.
If a Soil Analysis Test of the soil is not required by the plans, use the standard application rates for lime and commercial fertilizer.
659.03 Lime. Obtain granular or liquid lime from a agricultural lime dealer or manufacturer whose brands are grades registered or licensed by the State of Ohio, Department of Agriculture. The granular or liquid lime standard grade is Ag-ground 90+. Ag-ground 90+ is defined as agricultural ground limestone, having a total neutralizing power (TNP) of 90 percent or more, at least 40 percent passing a No. 100 (150 m) sieve and 95 percent passing a No. 8 (2.36 mm) sieve. Test granular or liquid lime according to Supplement 1007. Apply the granular or liquid lime standard grade Ag-ground 90+ at the standard application rate of 92 pounds per 1000 square feet (2 tons per acre) [0.45 kg/m2 (9metric tons/ha)].
The Contractor may provide other lime grade materials. The lime grade materials provided will meet Table 7-10 “Equivalent Amounts of Liming Materials” found in Bulletin 472, Ohio Agronomy Guide, published by the Cooperative Extension Service, The Ohio State University. Based on the type of lime grade material provided, determine the increase or decrease in the standard application rate from Table 7-10 “Equivalent Amounts of Liming Materials” found in Bulletin 472, “Ohio Agronomy Guide”, published by the Cooperative Extension Service, The Ohio State University.
If using liquid lime apply liquid lime at a rate of 5 gals/acre (8 L/ha) unless other wise required per the soil or topsoil Soil Analysis Test. Provide the Engineer with the Liquid Lime manufacturers written application rate. The Engineer will only accept printed application rates. Only use Liquid lime on the QPL list.
If testing of the soil or topsoil was performed, the lime required will be such that a growing environment of slightly acidic (pH 6.5) can be reached. The application rate of the standard grade lime Ag-ground 90+ will be adjusted up or down to achieve this condition and reported to the Department for approval. No lime is required for the soil or topsoil if the test shows a slightly acidic condition.
659.04 Commercial Fertilizer. Obtain commercial fertilizer from a dealer or manufacturer whose brands are grades registered or licensed by the State of Ohio, Department of Agriculture.
Commercial fertilizer may be dry or liquid. Apply standard commercial fertilizer 10-20-10 evenly over the surface at a standard dry application rate of 20 pounds per 1000 square feet (0.1 kg/m2). Furnish liquid application rates for approval by the Department.
The Contractor may provide other commercial fertilizer mixture ratios, however, ensure that the ratio meets or exceeds the standard commercial fertilizer ratio of 10-20-10 by providing an application rate specific for that ratio. The Department will approve this application rate that is specific to that ratio provided by the Contractor.
For areas of inter-seeding apply commercial fertilizer 12-12-12 over the affected area at the above rate.
For commercial fertilizer second application the method, mixture, and rate is broadcast 12-12-12 evenly over the surface without incorporation into the soil at a rate of 10 pounds per 1000 square feet (0.05 kg/m2).
659.05 Topsoil. If placing topsoil as specified in the plan, then stockpile off project site topsoil for testing and/or stockpile stripped topsoil from the project for testing. Perform the Soil Analysis Test from these stockpiles to determine the percent of organic matter present. The topsoil shall contain between 4 percent and 20 percent organic matter as determined by loss on ignition of samples oven dried to constant weight at 212 F (100C) and consist of fertile, loose, friable, and loamy material that contains humus material. For topsoil to be considered loamy, ensure that the fraction passing the No. 10 (200) sieve does not contain more than 40 percent clay. Test topsoil according to Supplement 1016.
The Department will review the sample test results and approve the stockpiles for use. Stockpiles outside the above limits will not be used.
Stripped topsoil from the R/W limits will be from the upper most layers of the excavation areas. Remove all heavy grass, weeds, and other vegetation before stripping topsoil from the excavation areas.
A mixture of 1 part compost and 2 parts topsoil will be treated as topsoil.
659.06 Compost. Acceptable compost shall include Ohio EPA rated Class IV compost, EQS biosolids compost, or a Department approved equal. Furnish compost with a nitrogen content of 1.4 percent or above. Obtain compost from an Ohio EPA approved facility. Before delivering compost, provide the Engineer with the facility name and location.
659.07 Seeds. Furnish grass seed from a grass seed dealer or grower whose brands are grades registered or licensed by the State of Ohio, Department of Agriculture or from the approved list of grass seed dealers or growers on file with Department. Furnish the kind and type of grass seed required that meets current specifications on file with the Department as to percentage purity, percentage weed seed, and percentage germination.
Turf grass germination rates specifications are shown below in Table 659.07-1 to provide an understanding of the specifications on file with the Department along with information to understand what is required.
Table 659.07-1 GERMINATION RATES
Species / Minimum Percent / High Quality PercentKentucky Bluegrass / 80 / 85
Fine Fescue / 85 / 90
Perennial Ryegrass / 85 / 90
Annual Ryegrass / 85 / 90
Tall Fescue / 85 / 90
Creeping Red Fescue / 85 / 90
If high quality is not shown on the plans, then the minimum germination rate is required.