UniversityofGuelph,SchoolofEnvironmentalSciencesENVS*4180[0.50credits]

______

Instructor:ProfessorJonathanM.Schmidt

ClassTimesandLocation:

LECTURES:Mon,Wed,Fri12:30PM-01:20PMMACK,Room235

SEMINAR:Mon01:30PM-02:20PMMACK,Room235

PrerequisitesRestrictions:

Prerequisite(s):Minimumof12.00credits

Restriction(s):ENVB*4240,RegistrationintheBAS,BBRM,BSC,BSC(Agr)orBSC(Env)program.

Contactdetails:Instructor:

Prof.J.M.Schmidt

AssociateDeanAcademic,OAC

519-824-4120x53492

OfficeHours:

Instructor:ByAppointmentOnly.Pleasecontactbye-mail.

TeachingAssistant:vey2101

519-226-821-4064(cell)

OfficeHours:

ByAppointmentOnly.Pleasecontactbye-mail.

CourseMaterial:

  • Thereisnotextbookforthiscourse.Ausefulgeneralreferenceis:Gilbert,L.I.andGill,S.S.(Editors)(2010)InsectControl:BiologicalandSyntheticAgents.AcademicPress.Availableon-line.
  • Anotherrecentlypublishedreferenceworkis:Yu,S.J.(2015)TheToxicologyandBiochemistryofInsecticides.CRCPress.
  • Take-HomeAssignmentswillbepostedonCourseLink.
  • AlllecturematerialswillbemadeavailableonCourseLink.
  • Samplequestionsfordiscussions willbeprovidedonCourseLink.
  • Studentsarestronglyencouragedtorefertothelistsofcurrentarticlesonspecificgroupsof pesticidesthatareprovidedwitheachlecture.Alloftheseareavailableelectronically throughthe University of Guelph Library.Assignmentswillmake useoftheprimary literature.
  • AsummaryofessentialorganicchemistryforthecoursehasbeenpostedonCourseLink.Pleasereviewthesenotescarefully.

CourseDescription:

Thiscourseexploresthediversemodesofactionofbotanical,microbialandsyntheticinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicides.Detoxificationmechanisms,selectivity,resistancemanagementandtheprocessofpesticidediscoveryanddevelopmentarealsoconsidered.Thecourseincludesareviewofinsectphysiologicalsystemsanddiscussionofthestabilityand distributionofpesticidesintheenvironment.

StatementofLearningOutcomes:

1.Beabletoclassifyintogroupsandcomparecommon,currentlyusedinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicidesbasedon:

a.Chemicalstructure,

b.ModeofAction,

c.Origin(botanical,microbial,synthetic,semisynthetic),

d.Environmentalstabilityand

e.Humantoxicity.

2.Beabletoidentifyanddiscussthevulnerabilitiesofthespecificphysiologicalprocessestargetedbyinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicides.

3.Beabletodescribethemodeofactionofinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicidesandrelatethesymptomstheycausetotheirinteractionswithspecificmoleculartargets.

4.Bepreparedtodiscussthebasisofinsecticidalandacaricidalselectivityintermsofphysicochemicalproperties,modeofactionanddetoxificationmechanisms.

5.Beabletodiscuss,usingspecificexamples,therelationshipbetweenthechemicalstructuresofinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicidesandtheirinteractionswiththeirmoleculartargets(structure-activityrelationships).

6.Beabletodescribethebiochemicalandphysiologicalmechanismsbywhichinsectsandmites

avoidintoxicationandrelatethesetotheoccurrenceofresistance.

7.Beabletoproposeanddiscussmethodsofmanaginginsecticideresistancebasedonanunderstandingofitsunderlyingbiochemical,physiologicalandbehavioralmechanisms.

8.Bepreparedtodiscuss,withappropriatehistoricalexamples,thesignificanceofefficacy,selectivity,applicabilityandenvironmentalstabilityinthedevelopmentofinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicides.

9.Beabletodiscuss,withspecificexamples,theenvironmentalandecologicalcontextofinsecticidedevelopmentanduse,includingthesignificanceofnaturally-occurringinsecticidalcompoundsandtheirrelevancetopestcontrolandresistancemanagement.

10.Befamiliarwithsomeofthekeycurrentliteraturediscussinginsecticideandacaricidemodesofactionandresistance.

11.Beabletowriteaccuratelyandeffectivelyaboutthebiologicalandenvironmentaleffectsofinsecticides,acaricidesandnematicidesusingappropriateprimaryreferences.

MarkAllocations:

Assignment/Exam / Value / DueDate / LearningObjectives
Take-home / 20% / Feb.16(AssignedJan.29) / All*
Assignment1
Coverslectures1-11
Take-home / 25% / March23(AssignedMarch2) / All*
Assignment2
Coverslectures12-21
Take-home / 20% / March28(AssignedMarch16) / All*
Assignment3
Coverslectures22-27
FinalExam / 35% / Monday,April9,2018 / All*
02:30PM-04:30PM

*Eachassignmenthascomponentsassessingeachofthecourselearningoutcomes.

  • Finalexamwillcovermaterialpresentedinthelectures,seminarsandassignments.
  • Forthefinalexamstudentswillnotbeexpectedtodrawchemicalstructures,butshouldbeabletorecognizerepresentativecompoundsfromeachofthemajorgroupsofpesticidesdiscussed.
  • Re-evaluations:Studentshave5class-daysuponreceivingtheevaluatedassignmenttoappealthegradereceived.Theentireassignmentwillbere-evaluatedforaccuracy.

PolicyonLateAssignments:

Alltake-homeassignmentsaredueatthebeginningofclassonthedatesspecified.Apenaltyof10%perdaywillbedeductedforlateassignments.Requestsforacademicconsiderationdueto illnessoracompassionatenaturemustbemadeinwriting.

CoursePolicyonGroupWork:

Allstudentsmustsubmitindependentlywrittenassignments.

Copiesofout-of-classassignments

Keeppaperand/orotherreliableelectronicback-upcopiesofallout-of-classassignments:youmaybeaskedtoresubmitworkatanytime.

AcademicMisconductStatement:

TheUniversityofGuelphiscommittedtoupholdingthehigheststandardsofacademicintegrityanditistheresponsibilityofallmembersoftheUniversitycommunity–faculty,staff,and students–tobeawareofwhatconstitutesacademicmisconductandtodoasmuchaspossibletopreventacademicoffencesfromoccurring.UniversityofGuelphstudentshavetheresponsibilityofabidingbytheUniversity'spolicyonacademicmisconductregardlessoftheirlocationofstudy;faculty,staffandstudentshavetheresponsibilityofsupportinganenvironmentthatdiscouragesmisconduct.Studentsneedtoremainawarethatinstructorshaveaccesstoandtherighttouseelectronicandothermeansofdetection.

Pleasenote:Whetherornotastudentintendedtocommitacademicmisconductisnotrelevantforafindingofguilt.Hurriedorcarelesssubmissionofassignmentsdoesnotexcusestudents fromresponsibilityforverifyingtheacademicintegrityoftheirworkbeforesubmittingit. Studentswhoareinanydoubtastowhetheranactionontheirpartcouldbeconstruedasan academicoffenceshouldconsultwithafacultymemberorfacultyadvisor.

TheUniversityexpectsthatyouarefamiliarwiththeUniversity’spolicyonAcademicMisconduct0andthatyouwillconductyourselfinanappropriatemanner.Wedonotaccept“Ididn’tknow” asanexcuse.Wetakethisseriously.Weexpectthatyouwillhavetakentheself-testavailablehereandthatyouunderstandalloftheanswers:

AcademicConsideration:

Whenyoufindyourselfunabletomeetanin-courserequirementbecauseofillnessorcompassionatereasons,pleaseadvisethecourseinstructor(ordesignatedperson,suchasa teachingassistant)inwriting,withyourname,id#,ande-mailcontact.SeetheundergraduatecalendarforinformationonregulationsandproceduresforAcademicConsideration:

Accessibility:

TheUniversityofGuelphiscommittedtocreatingabarrier-freeenvironment.Providingservicesforstudentsisasharedresponsibilityamongstudents,facultyandadministrators.This relationshipisbasedonrespectofindividualrights,thedignityoftheindividualandtheUniversitycommunity'ssharedcommitmenttoanopenandsupportivelearningenvironment. Studentsrequiringserviceoraccommodation,whetherduetoanidentified,ongoingdisabilityorashort-termdisabilityshouldcontacttheCentreforStudentswithDisabilitiesassoonaspossible.

For moreinformation,contactCSD at519-824-4120ext.56208 seethewebsite:

RecordingofMaterials:

Presentationswhicharemadeinrelationtocoursework—includinglectures—cannotberecordedorcopiedwithoutthewrittenpermissionofthepresenter,whethertheinstructor,a classmateorguestlecturer.Materialrecordedwithpermissionisrestrictedtouseforthatcourseunlessfurtherpermissionisgranted.

CourseEvaluations:

TheSchool of EnvironmentalSciences takes studentfeedback seriously.TheSES Director seesall studentfeedbackanddiscussesthisfeedbackwiththefacultywhereappropriate.Numerical scoresandsignedstudentcommentsarereviewedbytheSchool’sTenurePromotionCommittee,andareconsideredinourevaluationofthefacultymemberforthegrantingof tenure,advancementinrank,andperformancerelatedsalaryincreases.Thiscommitteewill NOTseecommentsthatarenotsignedbythestudent.Facultymembersarenotabletoaccess theirownteachingevaluationsuntilaftertheirfinalgradesaresubmittedtotheregistrar.

Lectures(timingsubjecttochange)

January / 8 / M / 1 / IntroductiontoInsecticideScienceandToxicology
January / 10 / W / 2 / TheBasics:InsectPhysiologicalSystems
January / 12 / F / 3 / TheBasics:HowInsectsDie
January / 15 / M / 4 / TheBiologicalContext:BotanicalandFungalDefensiveCompounds
January / 17 / W / 5 / InsectDefences:BehaviouralandPhysiological Mechanisms
January / 19 / F / 6 / MetabolicDetoxification:Introduction
January / 22 / M / 7 / MetabolicDetoxification:MechanismsandSynergists
January / 24 / W / 8 / InsectNervousSystemI:RestingPotentials
January / 26 / F / 9 / RespiratoryToxinsI:CellularRespiration
January / 29 / M / 10 / RespiratoryToxinsII:METIs
January / 31 / W / 11 / RespiratoryToxinsIII:UncouplersandATPSynthesis Inhibitors
February / 2 / F / 12 / InsectNervousSystemII:ActionPotentialGeneration
February / 5 / M / 13 / TheVoltage-gatedIonChannels
February / 7 / W / 14 / OrganochlorinesI:DDT-likeCompounds
February / 9 / F / 15 / AshorthistoryofDDTandtheenvironmentalmovement
February / 12 / M / 16 / PyrethroidsI:Origins,ActivityandStructure
February / 14 / W / 17 / PyrethroidsII:TargetSite,ModeofActionandResistance
February / 16 / F / 18 / OtherSodiumChannelModulators:Veratrotoxins,Indoxacarb,Semicarbazones,N-Alkylamides
February19to23READINGWEEK
February / 26 / M / 19 / InsectNervousSystemIII:ExcitatoryNeurotransmission,TheAcetylcholineReceptorandtheBotanicalNicotinoids
February / 28 / W / 20 / NeonicotinoidsandSulfoxaflor
March / 2 / F / 21 / OtherAcetylcholineReceptorToxins:Cartap,Spinosyns,Muscarine,Atropine
March / 5 / M / 22 / Acetylcholinesterase
March / 7 / W / 23 / OrganophosphorusInsecticides
March / 9 / F / 24 / CarbamatesandTriazamate
March / 12 / M / 25 / InsectNervousSystemIV:InhibitoryNeurotransmission
March / 14 / W / 26 / TargetingtheGABAReceptor:OrganochlorinesIIandFiproles
March / 16 / F / 27 / TargetingtheGlutamateReceptor:Avermectinsand Milbemycins
March / 19 / M / 28 / InsectMusclesandRyanodineReceptors:NovelTargets
March / 21 / W / 29 / SyntheticDiamideRyanoids
March / 23 / F / 30 / TheArthropodExoskeleton
March / 26 / M / 31 / DisruptingMoulting:ChitinSynthesis,LipidSynthesis,Sclerotization
March / 28 / W / 32 / EcdysteroidsandRelatedGrowthRegulators
March30GoodFriday
April / 2 / M / 33 / Metamorphosis
April / 4 / W / 34 / JuvenileHormoneMimicsandAntagonists
April / 6 / F / 35 / ResistanceManagement:Asynthesis

ScheduleofSeminars

DateTopic

January8 / Seminar:BackgroundPreparationQuizandDiscussion
January15 / SpecialPresentation:Murder,MayhemandMedicineintheGarden:Theculturalconsequencesofplantdefenses
January22 / Demonstration:Anintroductiontoelectrophysiologicalmethods
January29 / ProblemSolvingandReview1
February5 / CaseStudy:Theenvironmentalfateofinsecticides:Wheredotheygo?
February12 / ClassDebate:IsDDTa“bad”pesticide?
February26 / ProblemSolvingandReview2
March5 / CaseStudy:Theecotoxicologyofneonicotinoids:Whatdoweneedto know?(ClassDiscussion)
March12 / SpecialLecture:NovelandFailedneurotoxicinsecticides
March19 / SpecialLecture:Bacillusthuringiensis:ModeofAction
March26 / CaseStudy:IsResistanceManagementPossible?CaseStudy:GMOsand resistancetoBacillusthuringiensis(ArticleDiscussion)
April2 / ProblemSolvingandFinalReview