Important Contents of the Traditional Chinese Medicine
The Department of Integrated traditional
Chinese Medicine and Medicine of west china Hospital
Preface
1. The origin, formation and development of TCM theory system
Spring and Autumn
Warring state period dynasty to Eastern Han dynasty
Form TCM Theory system
Huangdi`s Canon of Medicine 《黄帝内经》
Canon of Difficult Issues 《难经》
Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease and Miscellaneous Diseases 《伤寒杂病论》
shennong' s Herbal classic《神农本草经》
Every classic book's significance
2. Fundamental characters of TCM
(1) The whole concept
1) Human body is a holistic whole
2) Human and nature is an inter-related whole
(2) Syndrome differentiation
1) Implication of syndrome differentiation
2) The relationship between syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation
Chapter 1 Yin-yang and the five elements
1. Yin-yang
1. The implication of yin-yang and the categorization of things according to the nature of yin-yang.
(1). The implication of yin-yang
(2). The categorization of things according to the nature of yin-yang .
2. Interaction between yin and yang
(1). Opposition of yin and yang.
(2). Interdependence between yin and yang
(3). Wane and wax between yin and yang
(4). Mutual transformation between yin and yang
3. Application of the theory of yin and yang in TCM
(1). Explanation of the histological structure of the human body
(2). Explanation of the relationship between structure and function
(3). Explanations the pathogenesis
1. Predominance of yin and yang
2. Decline of yin and yang
(4). Diagnosis and syndrome differentiation
(5). Guiding clinical treatment
1. Deciding the therapeutic principles
2. Generalization of the properties of drugs.
2. WUXING (the five elements)
1. The implication of the five elements and the categorization of things according to the theory of the five elements
(1) The implication of the five elements
(2) Categorization of things according to the theory of the five elements
2. Interaction among the five elements
(1). Inter-promotion and inter-restraint among the five elements :
1. Inter-promotion
2. Inter-restrain
3. The relationship between inter-promotion and inter-restrain
(2) Over restraint and reverse restraint among the five elements
1. Over restraint
2. Reverse restraint
Charter 2 Zangxiang (Viscera and their manifestations)
1. Concept of the Zangxiang
2. Primary of Zangxiang theory
3. The general functional characteristics of five Zang-organs and six fu-organs
1. The five zang-organs
1. The heart
1.1 The physiological function of the heart
1. Governing blood
2. Controlling the mind
1.2 The relationship between the heart and the body, the sensory organs and the orifices
1. The heart governs the vessels
2. The heart opens into the tongue
3. External manifestation on the face
Appendix: The pericardium
2. The lung
2.1 The physiological function of the lung
1. Dominating QI
2. The regulation of water passage
2.2 The relationship between the lung and the body, the sensory organs and the orifices
1. The lung governing the skin
2. The lung opening into the nose
3. External manifestation on the body hair
3. The liver
3.1 The physiological function of the liver
1. To dredge and regulate
2. To store blood
3.2 The relationship between the liver and the body, the sensory organs and the orifices
1. The liver governing the tendons
2. The liver opening into the eyes
3. External manifestation on the nails
4.The spleen
4.1 The physiological function of the spleen
1. To govern the transportation and transformation
2. To command blood
4.2 The relationship between the spleen and the body, the sensory organs and the orifices
1. The spleen governing the muscles and the four limbs
2. The spleen opening into the mouth
3. External manifestation on the lips
5. The kidney
5.1 The physiological function of the kidney
1. To govern growth and development
2. To govern reproduction
3. To govern water
4. To govern reception of Qi
5. To produce marrow to enrich the brain and transform blood
6. To nourish and warm the viscera
5.2 The relationship between the heart and the body,the sensory organs and the orifices
1. The kidney governing the bones
2. The kidney opening into the ears, the external genitals and anus
3. External manifestation on the hair
Appendix: Mingmen (Life-gate)
2. The six Fu-organs
1. The gallbladder: To store and excrete the bile
2. The stomach: To receive and digest food
3. The small intestine
3.1 Too receive the chyle
3.2 To separate the lucid from the turbid
4. The large intestine: To transmit the waste of food
5. The bladder: To store and excrete urine
Chapter 3 Qi, blood and body fluid
1. Qi
1. The basic concept of qi
2. The production of qi
3. The physiological functions of qi
3.1 Propelling function
3.2 Warming function
3.3 Protecting function
3.4 Fixating function
3.5 Qi-transforming function
4. The moving styles of qi
5. The classification of qi and its production, distribution and functional characteristics
5.1 Yuan-qi(primordial qi)
1. The production of the primordial qi
2. The distribution of the primordial qi
3. The functional characteristics of the primordial qi
5.2 Zong-qi(the pectoral qi)
1. The production of the primordial qi
2. The distribution of the primordial qi
3.The functional characteristics of the primordial qi
5.3 Ying-qi(nutrient-qi) and wei-qi(defensive qi)
1. The production of the nutrient qi and the defensive qi
2.The distribution of the primordial qi
3.The functional characteristics of the primordial qi
2. Blood
1. The basic concept of blood
2. The production of blood
3. The physiological functions of blood
4. The circulation of blood
3. Body fluid
1. The basic concept of body fluid
2. The production of body fluid
3.The physiological functions of body fluid
1) Moistening and nourishing
2) The transformation of blood
3) The transportation of the turbid qi
4. The transportation and metabolism of body fluid
4. The relationships among qi, blood and body fluid
4.1 The relationship between qi and blood
4.1.1 The effects of qi on blood
1) Qi producing blood
2) Qi promoting the circulating of blood
3) Qi controlling blood
4.1.2 The effects of blood on qi
1) Blood carrying qi
2) Blood producing qi
4.2 The relationship between qi and fluid
4.2.1 The effects of qi on body fluid
1) Qi producing body fluid
2) Qi promoting the flow of body fluid
3) Qi controlling body fluid
4.2.2 The effect of body fluid on qi
1) Body fluid carrying qi
2) Boody fluid producing qi
4.3 The relationship between blood and body fluid
Chapter 4 Causes of disease
1. six pathogenic factors
1. The concepts and differences between six pathogenic factors and six climatic factors(six qi)
2. The general pathogenic characters of six pathogenic factors
2.1 Wind
1) Wind tends to float
2) Wind tends to move
3) Wind tends to change
4) Wind tends to be complicated by other pathogenic factors
2.2 Cold
1) Cold tends to impair yang
2) Cold tends to coagulate
3) Cold tends to contract
2.3 Summer-heat
1) Summer-heat is hot
2) Summer-heat tends to disperse
3) Summer-heat is often complicated by dampness
2.4 Dampness
1) Dampness is heavy and turbid
2) Dampness tends to block qi
3) Dampness is sticky and stagnant
4) Dampness tends to move downward
2.5 Dryness
1) Dryness is exerotic and unsmooth
2) Dryness tends to impair the lung
2.6 Heat (fire)
1) Heat (fire) tends to flame up
2) Heat (fire) tends to consume qi and impair body fluid
3) Heat (fire) tends to produce wind and disturb blood
4) Heat (fire) tends to cause swelling and ulceration
2. Internal impairment due to seven emotions
1.The concept of Internal impairment due to seven emotions
2.Pathogenic characters of Internal impairment due to seven emotions
1) Directly impairing the internal organs
2) Disordering the activity of qi
3) Triggering or aggravating certain diseases
5. Diseases caused by phlegm, rheum and blood stasis
5.1 Phlegm and rheum
5.1.1The basic concept of phlegm and rheum
5.1.2The formation of phlegm and rheum
5.1.3The pathogenic characteristics of phlegm and rheum
1) Hindering the flow of qi and blood
2) Hindering the ascent and descent of qi
3) Frequently confusing the mind
4) Complicated symptoms and constant change
2. Blood stasis
2.1 The basic concept of blood stasis
2.2 The formation of blood stasis
1) Qi stagnation
2)Qi deficiency
3) Blood-cold
4) Blood-heat
5) Traumatic injury
6) Hemorrhage
2.3The pathogenic characteristics of blood stasis
1) Pain
2) Lump
3) Hemorrhage
4) Cyanosis
5) Tongue variations
6) Pulse variations
Chapter5 Pathogenesis
1. Causes of disease
1.Occurrence of disease and the relationship between pathogenic factors and the healthy qi
1.1 Deficiency of healthy qi and invasion of pathogenic factors: two important aspects of the occurrence of disease
1.2 The different effects of healthy qi and pathogenic factors on the occurrence of disease
1) Insufficiency of healthy qi: the intrinsic cause of disease
2) Invasion of pathogenic factors: an important condition for the occurrence of disease
2. Mechanism of pathological changes
2.Imbalance between yin and yang
2.1 Relative predomination and decline of yin and yang
1) Relative predomination of yin and yang
2) Relative decline of yin and yang
2.2 Inter-consumption of yin and yang
1) Deficiency of yin affecting yang
2) Deficiency of yang affecting yin
2.3 Inter-rejection of yin and yang
1) Predomination of yin rejecting yang
2) Predomination of yang rejecting yin
2.4 Inter-transformation of yin and yang
1) Transformation of yang into yin
2) Transformation of yin into yang
2.5 Loss of yin and yang
1) Loss of yang
2) Loss of yin
3. Disorder of qi, blood and body fluid
3.1 Disorder of qi
1) Insufficiency of qi
2) Disturbance of qi
3.2 Disorder of blood
1) Insufficiency of blood
2) Disturbance of blood
3.3 Disorder of body fluid
1) Insufficiency of body fluid
2) Disturbance of body fluid
Chapter 6 Prevention and therapeutic principles
1. Principles of prevention
1.Theory of prevention
1.1 Importance of prevention
1.2 The theoretical basis of the principles of prevention
1.3 The guiding ideology of the principles of prevention
1) Emphasis on holistic concept
2) Emphasis on the protective effect of healthy qi
3) Emphasis on the integration of the body and the mind
2. The preventive methods
2.1 Giving prevention the priority
1) Regulating psychological state
2) Proper diet
3) Proper living habits
4) Exercising the body
5) Avoiding attack of pathogenic factors
2.2 Prevention transmission and change
1) Early treatment
2) Controlling the transmission and change
2. Therapeutic principles
1. Concentrating treatment on the root cause
1.1 Significance
1.2 Application
1) Treating biao in emergency
2) Contrary treatment
2. Strengthening healthy qi and eliminating pathogenic factors
2.1 Significance
1) Strengthening healthy qi
2) Eliminating pathogenic factors
2.2 Application of strengthening healthy qi and eliminating pathogenic factors
1) Purgation prior to tonification
2) Tonification prior ro purgation
3) Simultaneous application of purgation and tonification
3. Regulation of yin and yang
1) Reducing excess
2) Supplementing insufficiency
4. Abidance by individuality, locality and seasons
1) Abidance by individuality
2) Abidance by locality
3) Abidance by seasons
Chapter7 Diagnostic methods
1. Inspection
1.Inspection of the whole body
1.1 Inspection of spirit
The concept of the spirit and the main points of insertion
1) Existence of spirit
2) Lack of spirit, also known as insufficiency of spirit
3) loss of spirit, also known as depletion of spirit
4) False spirit
5) Mental derangement
1.2 Inspection of complexion
1) Normal complexion
2) Morbid complexion
1.6 Inspection of excreta
1) Inspection of sputum
2) Inspection of spittle and saliva
3) Inspection of snivel
4) Inspection of vomitus
3. Inspection of tongue
3.1 Methods for inspection of tongue
3.2 Normal states of the tongue
3.3 Inspection of the tongue body
1) colour of the tongue
2) shape of the tongue
3) Movement of t he tongue
3.4 Inspection of tongue fur
1) Nature of the tongue fur
2) The colour of tongue fur
3.5 Comprehensive analysis of the body of the tongue and tongue fur
2. Listening and olfaction
1. Listening to sounds
1.1 Speech
1) Voice
2) Par aphasia
3) Slurred speech
1.2 Respiration
1) Rapid and weak respiration
2) Dyspnea and bronchial wheezing
3) Shortness of breath and weak breath
1.3 Cough
1.4 Hiccup and belching
1) Hiccup
2) Belching
3. Inquiry
3. Inquiry of the present symptoms
3.1 Inquiry of fever and cold
1) Aversion to cold and fever
2) Cold without fever
3) Fever without cold
4) Alternate cold and fever
3.2 Inquiry of sweating
1) Anhidrosis
2) Hidrosis
3.3 Inquiry of pain
1) Inquiry of the pain location
2) Inquiry of the nature of pain
3.4 Inquiry of sleep
1) Insomia
2) Dreaminess
3) Somolence
3.5 Inquiry of diet and partiality
1) Thirst and drinking of water
2) Appetite and repast
3) Taste
3.6 Inquiry of urination and defecation
1) Defecation
2) Urination
4. Pulse-taking and palpation
1. Pulse-taking
The clinical significance of pulse-taking
1.1 Regions for methods for taking pulse
1) Regions and taking pulse
2) The methods for taking pulse
1.2 Normal pulse
1) The shape of the normal pulse
2) The characteristics of the normal pulse
3) Main factors to affect the normal pulse
1.3 Morbid pulse (the most common morbid pulse)
1) Floating pulse
2) Sunken pulse
3) Slow pulse
4) Fast pulse
5) Weak pulse
6) Powerful pulse
7) Slippery pulse
8) Astringent pulse
Chapter 8 Differentiation of syndrome
1. Syndromes differentiation with eight principles
Eight principles mean yin and yang, internal and external aspects, cold and heat as well as asthenia and sthenia, which are the general principles among differentiation of syndrome.