NAME:______

DigestiveSystemReview Activity

Humans get their energy from the ______they eat.

Food must be broken down for the body to use it. Energy available in food is called ______.

Steps of Digestion:

1.)Digestion begins in the ______, where ______begin smashing and grinding the food.

2.)In the mouth the ______glands release ______which includes ______, ______, and ______.______is responsible for breaking polysaccharides into ______.______is responsible for killing any ______.The ______works to ______the food so it moves through the digestive tract easier.

3.)The ______then pushes the ______(now called the ______) to the ______or the back of the throat. When we swallow this food the ______closes over the airway to prevent choking.

4.)Food moves by ______or contractions of the esophagus. ______lines the esophagus to ensure smooth movement of the bolus.

5.)Then the stomach breaks down ______using ______juice, which contains ______and ______.______protects the stomach from the acid. A hole in the stomach or intestine is called a ______.

6.)Thefirst section of small intestine is called the ______, where secretions from the ______and ______act as catalysts to lower ______so ______can occur faster.

***Carbohydrates are broken down into ______

***Proteins are broken down into ______acids

***Lipids are broken down into ______acids and ______

Liver produces ______, the ______stores the bile. Bile is used to ______up (emulsify) fat globules into fat droplets.

7.)The small intestine is lined with ______which increase its ______and allows for more______of nutrients

8.)The large intestine has a larger______, but is shorter in length than the small intestine.The large intestine is colonized by ______, which produce ______and ______. Vitamin B is used for ______and Vitamin K is used for ______. The large intestine is also responsible for the absorption of ______to aid in the formation of feces.

9.)Fill in the table below.

Secreting Area / What is released? / Where is it released to? / Job it does
Salivary Glands
Glands and Cells in stomach
Pancreas
Liver
Gallbladder
Bacteria in Large Intestine

The Digestive System:

Figure 29-1

  1. Which structure shown in Figure 29-1 has completes peristalsis? What is the name of this structure?
  1. Which structure shown in Figure 29-1 is responsible for mechanical digestion and breaking down proteins? What is the name of this structure?
  1. Which structure shown in Figure 29-1 produces bile? What is the name of this structure?
  1. What is the name of the structure that stores the chemical that emulsifies lipids? Label that structure G.
  1. Enzymes that hydrolyze carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are produced in which structure shown in Figure 29-1? What is the name of this structure?
  1. Which structure shown in Figure 29-1 contains villi, small fingerlike projections that aid in absorbing nutrients? What is the name of this structure?
  1. Which structure shown in Figure 29-1 is the responsible for absorbing water? What is the name of this structure?
  1. Explain why hydrolysis and surface area are so important to the digestive system?