HEADS of STATE and Other WOMEN LEADERS Throughout the WORLD

HEADS of STATE and other WOMEN LEADERS throughout the WORLD

List 54 1448 names 172 (of 232) governments 13 Apr 2000 £ 140 US$ 280

* New name, office or number since previous bimonthly list

SUMMARY

Names Pages

1. Heads & Deputy Heads of State and Government currently in office 46 1- 2

2. Presiding & Deputy Presiding Officers of Parliament 91 2- 4

3. Heads of Provincial or State Governments 63 4- 5

4. Women Ministers in National Governments 525 5-15

5. Judges of Supreme & Similar Courts 107 15-17

6. Governors & Deputy Governors of Central Banks 54 17-18

7. Bishops & Religious Leaders 40 18

8. Heads of International Organizations 40 19

9. Other Heads & Deputy Heads of State and Government since 1945 103 19-21

10. Other Presiding & Deputy Presiding Officers of Parlt since 1945 163 21-24

11. Other Heads of Provincial or State Government since 1945 133 24-26

Other Ministers in National Governments since 1990 (see Lists 1-52) -

12. Other Supreme Court Judges since 1980 14 26

13. Other Governors of Central Banks since 1980 36 26-27

14. Other Bishops & Religious Leaders since 1980 11 27

15. Other Heads of International Organizations since 1980 22 27-28

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1448

1. Women Heads & Deputy Heads of State and Government currently in office (#): 46

A. Heads of State and Government: 10

Country Name Office Term

Costa Rica Astrid Fischel First Vice-President 8.5.1998-2002

Elizabeth Odio Second Vice-President 8.5.1998-2002

Gambia Aisatou N'Jie Saidi Vice-President 1.1997-

Honduras Rosa America Miranda de Galo Second Vice-President 1999-

Indonesia Megawati Sukarnoputri Vice-President 21.10.1999-

Iran Masoumeh Ebtekah Vice-President 11.8.1997-

Panama Mireya Moscoso President 1.9.1999-9.2004

Philippines Gloria Arroyo Vice-President 30.6.1998-

Sri Lanka Chandrika Kumaratunga President 14.11.1994-

Uganda Speciosa Wandira Kazibwe Vice-President 18.11.1994-

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The above is a development of the writer's research, from 1980 on, to promote the appointment of able women to posts of executive leadership in national and international bodies. To date some 4000 women from 112democracies have been named in over 70 lists. Recent lists owe much to "People in Power", the world's most comprehensive directory of political leadership in sovereign countries and the first systematically to identify women leaders. "People in Power" 227 pp: ISSN 0965-7517 is published bimonthly by the Cambridge International Reference on Current Affairs (CIRCA) Production Editors: Rosemary Payne & Catherine Jagger 13-17 Sturton Street Cambridge England CB1 2SN (tel + 44 1223 568 017). An excellent "Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership", both past and present, is maintained on the Internet by Martin Iversen Christensen at

Biographical details on some 500 "Women World leaders", 150 with photographs, is maintained by Roberto Ortiz de Zarate on another, more comprehensive political website at

(#) The following threefold division is useful, though not perfect: thus, while the Sri Lankan president (in A) actually holds the defence portfolio, the Finnish president (in B) holds constitutional defense responsibilities. Also, a universally elected president, as in Finland and Ireland, has greater moral authority than, as in Latvia, one chosen by parliament, an authority which can also accrue with the length of a monarch's reign. Also, the list includes only formally-designated Deputy Prime Ministers, as distinct from other women listed second (or third) in cabinets. For her part, Queen Elizabeth II is both Head of the Commonwealth of (54) Nations and Head of State of 16 member countries: of Antigua & Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, St Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, St Vincent & Grenadines, Solomons, Tuvalu and the United Kingdom.

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B. Heads of State: 11

Country Name Office Term

Antigua & Barbuda Yvonne Maginley Deputy Governor-General 1999-

Canada Adrienne Clarkson Governor-General 7.10.1999-

Denmark Margrethe II Queen 14.1.1972-

Finland Tarja Halonen President 1.3.2000-2006

Ireland Mary McAleese President 11.11.1997-2004

Latvia Vaira Vike-Freiberga President 18.6.1999-2003

Netherlands Beatrix Queen 30.4.1980-

Saint Lucia Calliopa Pearlette Louisy Governor-General 19.9.1997-

Taiwan Annette Lu Vice-President 20.5.2000-2004

United Kingdom #Elizabeth II Queen 6.2.1952-

Viet Nam Nguyen Thi BINH Vice-President 23.9.1992-

C. Heads of Government: 25

Albania Makbule Ceco Deputy Prime Minister 29.10.1999-

Austria Susanne Riess-Passer Vice-Chancellor 4.2.2000-

Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina Wajed Prime Minister 24.6.1996-

Barbados Billie Miller Deputy Prime Minister 12.9.1994-

Belgium Laurette Onkelinx Deputy Prime Minister 11.7.1999-

Isabelle Durant Deputy Prime Minister 11.7.1999-

Croatia Zeljka Antunovic Deputy Prime Minister 27.1.2000-

Denmark Marianne Jelved Deputy Prime Minister 3.1998-

Fiji Kuini Vuikaba Speed Deputy Prime Minister 5.1999-

Ireland Mary Harney Deputy Prime Minister 6.1997-

Luxembourg Lydie Polfer Deputy Prime Minister 7.8.1999-

Macedonia Dosta Dimovska Vice-Premier 30.11.1998-

Moldova Lidia Gutu Deputy Prime Minister 21.12.1999-

Netherlands Els Borst-Eilers Deputy Prime Minister 3.8.1998-

Annemarie Jorritsma-Lebbink Deputy Prime Minister 3.8.1998-

New Zealand Helen Clark Prime Minister 10.12.1999-

Norway Anne Enger Lahnstein Deputy Prime Minister 15.3.1999-

Russia Valentina Matviyenko Deputy Chair Council of Ministers 10.1998-

Sri Lanka Sirimavo Bandaranaike Prime Minister 14.11.1994-

Sweden Lena Hjelm-Wallen Deputy Prime Minister 6.10.1998-

Tajikistan Nigina Sharapova Deputy Prime Minister 21.12.1999-

Turkmenistan Djamal Geklenova Deputy Prime Minister 5.1999-

Ukraine Yulia Tymoshenko Deputy Prime Minister 30.12.1999-

Uzbekistan Dilbar Ghulomova Deputy Prime Minister 5.1995-

Yugoslavia Maya Gojkovic Deputy Prime Minister 12.8.1999-

2. Women Presiding & Deputy Presiding Officers of Parliament (#): 91

A. National Parliaments: 57

Albania Margarita Qirko Deputy Speaker People's Assembly 1996-

Antigua & Barbuda Millicent Percival Speaker Senate 1994-99

Bridget Harris Speaker House of Representatives 1994-99

Australia Margaret Elizabeth Reid Speaker Senate 1996-2002

Austria Anna Elisabeth Haselbach President Federal Council 1.1-30.6.91,95,2000

Bahamas Italia Johnson Speaker House of Assembly 1997-

Belarus Tamara Dudko Vice President (Upper) Council of Republic 1997-

Belize Elizabeth Zabaneh Speaker Senate 1998-

Sylvia Flores Speaker House of Representatives 1998-

Brazil Odacir Soares Deputy Leader Federal Senate 1991-

Cape Verde Ondine Ferreira Deputy Speaker National Assembly 1995-

China LEI Jieqiong Vice Chair Standing Cte Peoples Congress 1993-

Cote d'Ivoire Assana Sangare Vice President National Assembly 1997-

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(#) A good guide to current women parliamentarians, by name for Presiding Officers, otherwise by number, is "Women in Parliaments 1945-1995: A World Statistical Survey", of 189 parliaments, carried out in June 1995; and updated in February 1997 in "Men & Women in Politics: Democracy in the Making", both by Christine Pintat, Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), B P 438, CH-1211 Geneva 19, tel (+ 41 22) 919 4150. The February 1997 study also gives for many countries numbers of women in party bureaus and candidates presented by parties at recent elections. MP numbers are constantly updated on the IPU website-page

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A. National Parliaments: 57 continued

Country Name Office Term

Czech Republic Jara Moserova President Senate 1999-

Dominican Republic Lia Rafaela Albuquerque President Chamber of Deputies 1999-

Ethiopia Almaz Meko Speaker Federal Council 1995-2000

Finland Riitta Uosukainen Speaker Eduskunta 1991-

Saara-Maria Paakkinen First Deputy Speaker Eduskunta 1995-

France Nicole Catala Vice President National Assembly 1993-

Muguette Jacquaint Vice President National Assembly 199?-

Germany Antje Vollmer (Greens) Vice-President Bundestag 1994-

Anke Fuchs (SPD) Vice-President Bundestag 1994-

Petra Bless (PDS) Vice-President Bundestag 1994-

Georgia Russudan Beridze Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1989-

Greece Maria Damanaki Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1989-

Grenada Ann Peters Speaker Senate 1995-

Guinea-Bissau Francisca Pereira Vice President National Assembly 199?

Hungary Maria Korodi Vice President National Assembly 1996-

India Najma Heptulla (Dep) Chair Rajya Sabha 10.7.1992-

Jamaica Violet Neilson Speaker House of Representatives 1997-

Lesotho Ntlhoi Motsamai Speaker National Assembly 1999-

Lithuania Laima Andrikiene Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1992-

Malawi Lilian Kapana-Phiri First Deputy Speaker National Assembly 1996-

Malta Myriam Spiteri Debono Speaker House of Representatives 1996-2001

Mexico Maria de los Angeles MORENO President Senate 1997,1999-2000

Netherlands Jeltje Van Nieuwenhoven Speaker Second Chamber States-General 1998-

Norway Kirsti Kolle Grondahl President Storting 1993-

Philippines Patsy Avance-Fuentes Deputy Speaker House of Representatives 1998-2001

Peru Edith Mella do Cespedes Acting President Congress of the Republic 1998

Peru Martha Hildebrandt President Congress of the Republic 1999-

Poland Olga Krzyzanowska Vice President Sejm 1993-

Alicja Grzeskowiak President (Marshal) Senate 1998-

Zofia Kuratowska Vice President Senate 1993-

Rwanda Jacqueline Muhongayire Deputy Speaker Transitional Nat Assembly 1997-

Russia Aleftina Fedulova Vice-President State Duma 1994-

Senegal Mata SY DIALLO Second Vice-President National Assembly 1994-

South Africa Frene Ginwala Speaker National Assembly 5.1994-99

Baleka Kgositsile Deputy Speaker National Assembly 5.1994-99

Naledi G M Pandor Chairperson Council of Provinces 1999-

Spain Esperanza Aguirre President Senate 1999-

Suriname Indradevi M Djwalapersad Speaker National Assembly 1996-

R Wijdenbosch Deputy Chair National Assembly 199?-

Sweden Birgitta Dahl Speaker of Parliament 1994-

Görel Thurdin Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1994-

United Kingdom Betty Boothroyd Speaker House of Commons 4.1992-

Venezuela Ixora Rojas President Congress of the Republic 1998-

Zimbabwe Edna Madzongwe Deputy Speaker of Parliament 1996-

B. State, Provincial or Territorial Assemblies: 26 (list incomplete)

Armenia Elma Gabriyelyva Speaker Assembly Nagorno-Karabakh 1997-

Australia Lorraine M Broham Speaker Legislative Council N Territory 1986-89

Belgium Anne-Marie Corbisier Hagon Chair Parliament Communauté Française ?1993-

Canada Gretchen Mann Brevin Speaker Legislative Assembly Nova Scotia 1999-

China Rita Fan Hsu Lai-tai President Legislative Council Hong Kong 1997-

Germany Ute Pave President Hamburg State Parliament 1993-

Christine Liebknecht President Thuringia Assembly 1999-

India Rani Satish Dep Speaker Legis Assembly Karnataka 199?-

Italy Celestina Ceruti President Regional Assembly Em-Romagna 1995-

Silvana Amati President Regional Assembly Marche 1995-

Amalia Sartori President Regional Assembly Veneto 1995-

New Zealand Marie Arkiri President Assembly Cook Islands 1994-

Spain 4:19 Maria Teresa Rejas Rodriguez President Parliament Extremadura 1995-

Maria del Carmen Perez-Caballo President Parliament La Rioja 1996-

Maria Dolores Eguren Ap[esteguia President Parliament Navarra 1995-

Clememtina Rodenas Villena President Parliament Valencia 1993-

United Kingdom Jane Davidson Dep Pres Off Nat Assembly for Wales 12.6.1999-

Marjory Connor President Legislature Anguilla 1994-

Sybil McLaughlin Speaker Leg Assembly Cayman Islands 1991-94,98-

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B. State, Provincial or Territorial Assemblies: 26 continued

Country Women:Total Name Office Term

United States Brenda Burns President Senate Arizona 1995-

Gail Phillips Speaker House Representatives Alaska 1995-

Moira K Lyons Speaker House Representatives Connecticut 1999-

Elizabeth H Mitchell Speaker House Representatives Maine 1996-

Donna Sytej Speaker House Representatives New Hampshire 1996-

Jo Ann Davidson Speaker House Representatives 1995-

Zenaida Hernandez Torres Speaker House Representatives Puerto Rico 1993-

C. Regional and International Assemblies: 8 (list incomplete)

Commonwealth Betty Boothroyd (U K) President Parliamentary Assembly 1999-2000

Europe Nicole Fontaine (France) President European Parliament 20.7.1999-

Beatrice R Machiavelli (Italy) President Economic & Social Committee 9.1998-

Nordic Council Sigridur Thodardottir (Iceland) President Nordic Council 1999-2000

Berit Brorby Larsen (Norway) Vice President Nordic Council 1994-97, 98-

OSCE Europe Helle Degn (Denmark) President OSCE Assembly 1998-

Inter-Parlt Union #Najma Heptulla (India) President Inter-Parliamentary Council 16.10.1999-

United Nations Sonia Mendieta de B (Honduras) Chair Unesco Executive Board 18.11.1999-17.11.01

3. Political or Constitutional Heads of Provincial or State Governments in Major Countries: 63

A. Appointed: 26

Australia Merrilyn Ann Chilvers Administrator Christmas Island 1997-

Brazil 1:25 Roseana Sarney Governor State of Maranhao 10.1996-

3:25 Maria Dalva de Souza Figueiredo Vice Governor State of Amapa 10.1996-

Emilia de Salles Belinatti Vice Governor State of Parana 10.1996-

Benedita Souza da Silva Sampaio Vice Governor State of Rio de Janeiro 10.1996-

Canada 7:13 Lois Hale Lieutenant-Governor Alberta 10.2.2000-

Marilyn Counsell Lieutenant-Governor New Brunswick 7.4.1997-

Hilary M Weston Lieutenant-Governor Ontario 12.1996-

Lise Thibault Lieutenant-Governor Quebec 12.1996-

Lynda Haverstock Lieutenant-Governor Saskatchewan 21.2.2000-

Helen Maksagak Territorial Commissioner Nunavut 1.4.1999-

Judy Gingell Territorial Commissioner Yukon 1996-

Denmark Vibeke Larsen Governor Faero Islands 1995-

Finland 4:13 Hannele Pollola Governor Lappland 4.1994-

Pirkka Tyolajarvi Governor Turku 1985-

Tuula Linnainman Governor Etela-Suomen 1997-

Pirjo Ala-Kapele Governor Ita-Suomen 1998-

France Brigitte Girardin Administrator Fr Southern & Antarctic Lands 1998-

India 3:30 Fathima Beevi Governor Tamil Nadu 2.1997-

V S Ramadevi Governor Karnataka 1999-

Jajani Rai Governor Pondicherry 1998-

Japan 1: Fusae Ota Governor Osaka Prefecture 6.2.2000-

Netherlands Rosemary De Paula Deputy Governor Netherlands Antilles 1990-

Portugal 1:18 Adelaide Lisboa Civil Governor Lisbon 199?-

Spain :17 Idoia Zenarruzabeitia Vice-President of Government Basque Country 1998-

United States Madeleine Z Bordallo Lieut-Governor Guam 1993-

B. Elected: 37

Australia 1: 8 Katherine Carnell Chief Minister Australian Capital Territory 1995-

Austria 1: 9 Waltraud Klasnic Head of Government Styria 1996-

Azerbaijan Sevil Zeinabova Deputy Prime Minister Nakhichevan ?1995-

Finland 1:13 Olavi Pyykkönen President Kainuu Regional Council 1996-

France :21 Claude du Grandrut Vice-President Regional Council Picardy 199?-

Germany 1:16 Heide Simonis Prime Minister Schleswig-Holstein 1993-

Barbara Stamm Deputy Prime Minister Bavaria 1998-

Ruth Wagner Deputy Prime Minister Hessen 1999-

Heide Alm-Merk Deputy Prime Minister Lower Saxony 1998-

Christa Thoben Deputy Mayor Berlin 1999-

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B. Elected: 37

Country Women:Total Name Office Term

India 1:30 Sheila Dixit Chief Minister Delhi 12.1998-

Ireland 1: Betty Coffey Chair Dublin Regional Authority 1996-

Italy 1:22 Marialina Marcucci Vice President Regional Board Tuscany 1995-

Netherlands Suzy Camelia-Römer Prime Minister Netherlands Antilles 14.5.1998-

New Zealand Te Ata-i Rangikaahu Maori Queen 23.5.1966-

Russia Takibat Vice-Chair State Council Daghestan 1996-

South Africa 1: 9 Isabella Winkie Direko Premier Free State 6.1999-

United Kingdom Jennifer Smith Premier Bermuda 10.11.1998-

United States 3:50 Jane Dee Hull Governor (R) Arizona 1.1997-2002

Jeanne Shaheen Governor (D) New Hampshire 1.1997-2000

Christine Todd Whitman Governor (R) New Jersey 1.1994-2001

Fran Ulmer Lieut-Governor Alaska 1.1995-

M Jordi Rell Lieut-Governor Connecticut 1.1995-

Ruth Ann Minner Lieut-Governor Delaware 1985-89, 93-

Maize Keiko Hirono Lieut-Governor Hawaii 1.1995-

Corinne Wood Lieut-Governor Illinois 1.1999-

Sally Peterson Lieut-Governor Iowa 1.1999-

Kathleen Babineaux Blanco Lieut-Governor Louisiana 1.1995-

Kathleen Kennedy Townsend Lieut-Governor (D) Maryland 1.1995-

May Schunk Lieut-Governor Minnesota 1.1999-

Lonnie Hammergren Lieut-Governor Nevada 1.1995-

Mary O Donogue Lieut-Governor (D) New York 1.1999-1.2003

Rosemary Myrdal Lieut-Governor North Dakota 1.1992-

Maureen O'Connor Lieut-Governor Ohio 1.1999-

Mary Fallin Lieut-Governor (R) Oklahoma 1.1995-

Carole Hillard Lieut-Governor South Dakota 1.1995-

Olene S Walker Lieut-Governor Utah 1.1993-

4. Women Ministers (#) in National Governments: 525, in 172 (of 232) Governments

Country Women:Total Woman Minister Office or Portfolio Date of Last Info

Afghanistan 0:21 1.5.00

Albania 3:17 Makbule Ceco Deputy Prime Minister;Labour & Social Affairs 1.5.00

Ermelinda Meksi Economic Cooperation & Trade 1.5.00

Ingrid Shuli Transport

Adriana Berberi Finance (DpM)

Algeria 0:33 1.5.00

Andorra 5:13 Susagna Arasanz Serra Finance 1.5.00

Olga Adellach Agriculture & Environment

Joaquima Sol Ordis Secretary General

Monica Codina Tort General Technical Secretary Civil Service

Mireia Maestre Cortadella General Technical Secretary Finance

Angola 5:28 Albina Faria de Assis Africano Industry 1.5.00

Ana Dias Lourenco Planning

Albertina Julia Hamukuya Health

Maria de Fatima Monteiro Jardim Fisheries & Environment

Candida Celeste da Silva Family & Women's Advancement

Antigua & B 0:18 1.5.00

Argentina 1:12 Graciela Fernandez Meijide Social Affairs 1.5.00

Armenia 0:26 1.5.00

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(#) Highest rank of Minister, unless otherwise indicated as Deputy or Assistant Minister (DpM), Minister Delegate (MiD), Minister of State (MiS); State Secretary (StS), Under Secretary (UnS) and Parliamentary Secretary (PtS). The names of 35 women from the earlier categories 1A & 1C are repeated, where they head governments and hold additional portfolios. These 35 are subtracted from the 528 women ministers totalled on page 14, but I have added to the resulting 493, to give the total of 525 above, the 32 women deputy ministers named below, but not included in individual country statistics when that country's total number of deputy ministers is not known.

Biodata on many women named here may be found in:

International Who's Who of [5500] Women ISBN 1-85743-027-1 Europa Publications London 2nd ed Feb 1997; and

Who's Who of (1500) Women in World Politics ISBN 0-86291-627-5 Bowker-Saur London 1st edition 1991.

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Country Women:Total Woman Minister Office or Portfolio Date of Last Info

Australia 4:31 Jocelyn Newman Family & Community Services, Women 1.5.00

Amanda Vanstone Justice & Customs

Jackie Kelly Sport & Tourism; Sydney Olympics

Bronwyn Bishop Aged Care

Norfolk Is 0: 4 1.5.00

Austria 5:16 Susanne Riess-Passer Vice-Chancellor; Public Affairs & Sports 1.5.00

Benita Maria Ferrero-Waldner Foreign Affairs

Elisabeth Gehrer Education, Science & Culture

Elisabeth Sickl Labour, Health, Social Affairs, Youth & Family

Mares Rossmann Economic Affairs (MiS)

Azerbaijan 1:23 Sudaba Gasanova Justice 1.5.00

Zemfira Guseinova Health (DpM)

Bahamas 3:17 Janet Gwennett Bostwick Foreign Affairs 1.5.00

Ivy Leona Dumont Education

Theresa Maria Moxey-Ingraham Labour, Immigration & Training

Bahrain 0:25 1.5.00

Bangladesh 4:34 Sheikh Hasina Wajed Prime Minister,Defence,Cabinet,Establishment 1.5.00

Matia Choudhry Agriculture

Sajeda Choudhry Forestry & Environment

Zinnatunnessa Talukdan Women & Children (MiS)

Barbados 2:15 Billie Miller Deputy PM, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade 1.5.00

Mia Motley Education, Culture, Youth

Cynthia Forde Education, Culture, Youth (PtS)

Belarus 1:34 Olga Dargel Social Security 1.5.00

Belgium 3:15 Laurette Onkelinx Deputy PM; Labour & Equal Opportunities 1.5.00

Isabelle Durant Deputy PM; Mobility & Transport

Magda Aelvoet Consumer Protection, Health & Environment

Belize 1:16 Dolores Balderamos Garcia Human Resources, Women & Youth 1.5.00

Benin 2:18 Marina d'Almeida-Massougbodji Health 1.5.00

Ramatou Baba-Moussa Social Welfare & Women

Bhutan 0: 8 1.5.00

Bolivia 0:16 1.5.00

Bosnia-H: Rep 0: 9 1.5.00

Fed Bosnia-H: 0:16 1.5.00

Rep Srpska 0:23 1.5.00

Botswana 4:17 Margaret Nasha Local Government 1.5.00

Joy Phumaphi Health

Tebeleko Seretse Office of President (Assistant Minister)

Gladys Kokorwe Local Govt, Lands & Housing (Asst Minister)

Brazil 1:31 Claudia Costin Administration & Patrimony (StS) 1.5.00

Brunei 0:11 Misli Awang Education (DpM) 1.5.00

Azizah Abdullah Culture, Youth & Sport (DpM)