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Graded By Name & Date

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Period/Meet Day

PERIOD 4: 1800-1848

Chapter 13; The Rise of Mass Democracy

(1824-1840)

CHECKING YOUR PROGRESS – HOMEWORK

True or False:Where the statement is true, mark T; where it is false, mark F, and correct it in the space immediately below.

  1. Henry Clay disproved the charge of a “corrupt bargain” between himself and President Adams by refusing to accept any favors from the administration.

______

  1. The election campaign of 1828 was notable for its focus on the issues of the tariff and democracy rather than on personalities and mudslinging.

______

  1. Jackson’s victory in 1828 represented the triumph of the West and the common people over the older elitist political system.

______

  1. One consequence of the spoils system was the building of powerful political machines based on jobs and patronage for political supporters.

______

  1. President Jackson used military force to end South Carolina’s threat of nullification and secession.

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  1. All the other southern states strongly backed South Carolina’s act of nullification against the federal government.

______

  1. The Anti-Masonic third party of 1832 appealed strongly to American suspicion of secret societies and to Anti-Jackson Protestant evangelicals.

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  1. Although he professed sympathy for the Native Americans, Jackson defined the Supreme Court and ordered them removed to Oklahoma.

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  1. American settlers in Texas clashed with the Mexican government over issues of slavery, immigration, and legal rights.

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  1. William Henry Harrison’s authentic background as an ordinary frontiersman born in a log cabin enabled the Whigs to appeal to the common man in the campaign of 1840.

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Multiple Choice:Select the best answer.

  1. The Jacksonian charge of a “corrupt bargain” to gain John Quincy Adams the presidency arose partly because
  2. William Crawford threw his electoral votes to Adams in exchange for a seat in the Senate.
  3. Adams was charged with having bribed members of the House to vote for him.
  4. Adams ended his previous opposition to Clay’s American System.
  5. Clay was named secretary of state after throwing his support to Adams.
  1. Which of the following was not among the factors that made John Quincy Adam’s presidency a political failure?
  1. Adam’s anti-western land and Indian policies
  2. Adam’s involvement with corrupt machine deals and politicians
  3. Adam’s stubborn and prickly personality
  4. Adam’s support for national roads, a national university, and an astronomical observatory
  1. Under the surface of the South’s strong opposition to the “Tariff of Abominations” was
  1. a desire to develop its own textile industry.
  2. competition between southern cotton growers and mid-western grain farmers.
  3. a strong preference for British manufactured goods over American-produced goods.
  4. a fear of growing federal power that might interfere in slavery.
  1. In promoting his policy of Indian removal, President Andrew Jackson
  1. defied rulings of the U.S. Supreme Court that favored the Cherokees.
  2. admitted that the action would destroy native American culture and society.
  3. acted against the advice of his cabinet and his military commanders in the Southeast.
  4. hoped to split the Cherokees apart from their allies such as the Creeks and Seminoles.
  1. In theory, the U.S. government treated the Native American tribes east of the Mississippi River as
  1. wards of the federal government to be confined to reservations.
  2. sovereign nations with whom the government negotiated and signed binding treaties.
  3. foreign enemies to be attacked and exterminated.
  4. ordinary American citizens able to participate in the democratic political process.
  1. The concept of a political “revolution of 1828” rests on
  1. the radical Jacksonian call for a redistribution of wealth and an end to slavery.
  2. the weakening of elite control of politics and the increased involvement of ordinary votersin the political process.
  3. the riots and political violence that accompanied Jackson’s rise to power.
  4. the weakening of the power of party machines to control the political process.
  1. One unfortunate consequence of the spoils system was
  1. the weakening of political parties.
  2. a growing lack of interest in politics.
  3. a growing conflict between the executive and legislative branches of government.
  4. an increase in competence and corruption in government.
  1. Jackson’s veto of the bank recharter bill represented
  1. a bold assertion of presidential power on behalf of western farmers and other debtors.
  2. an attempt to assure bankers and creditors that the federal government had their interests at heart.
  3. a concession to Henry Clay and his National Republican followers.
  4. a gain for sound banking and a financially stable currency system.
  1. Jackson’s Specie Circular declared that
  1. all federal deposits had to be removed from the Bank of the United States.
  2. the Treasury would distribute surplus federal funds to the states.
  3. all public lands would have to be purchased with “hard” or metallic money.
  4. all paper currency had to be backed with gold or silver.
  1. A particular source of friction between the government of Mexico and the immigrant settlers in Texas was
  1. the price of land.
  2. the settlers’ importation of slaves.
  3. the treatment of women.
  4. the issue of settler voting rights.
  1. The Panic of 1837 and subsequent depression were caused by
  1. the stock market collapse and a sharp decline in grain prices.
  2. a lack of new investment in industry and technology.
  3. the threat of war with Mexico over Texas.
  4. over speculation and Jackson’s financial policies.
  1. In general, the Whig party tended to favor
  1. individual liberty and states’ rights.
  2. the protection of slavery and southern interests.
  3. a strong federal role in economic and moral issues.
  4. the interests of the working people and farmers against the upper classes.

Identification:Supply the correct identification for each numbered description.

  1. Talented but high-handed bank president who fought a bitter losing battle with the president of the United States

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  1. Silver-tongued South Carolina senator who defended nullification in a famous debate of 1830

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  1. Presidential candidate who threw vital support to Adams and then became his secretary of state

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  1. Former Tennessee governor whose victory at San Jacinto in 1836 won Texas its independence

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  1. Once an ardent nationalist and vice president of the United States, then increasingly a spokesman for purely southern interests

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  1. Semiliterate, bear-killing Tennessee congressman whose rough popular appeal exemplified the New Democracy

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  1. Free South Carolina black whose 1822 rebellion raised southern fears about slavery

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  1. Illinois-Wisconsin area Sauk leader who was defeated by American regulars and militia in 1832

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  1. Majestic New England statesman who defended “liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable”

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  1. Aloof New England statesman whose nationalism and elitism made him unpopular in the era of sectionalism and popular democracy

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  1. Cherokee leader who devised an alphabet for his people

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  1. Mexican general and dictator whose large army failed to defeat the Texans

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  1. Frontier aristocrat, military folk hero, hickory-tough candidate and president

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  1. Jackson’s “magician” secretary of state and his most effective cabinet member

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  1. Original leader of American settlers in Texas who obtained a huge land grant from the Mexican government

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Putting things in Chronological order:Put the following events in correct order by number them 1-10.

_____ U.S. settlers in a Latin American country stage a successful rebellion to win their independence

_____ Two eloquent senatorial orators debate sectionalism, nationalism, and the nature of the Constitution.

_____ The federal government establishes a system of separate vaults to hold treasury deposits.

_____ President Jackson and Senator Clay lock horns in a bitter battle over re-chartering a national bank.

_____ An increasingly sectionalist South Carolinian resigns as Jackson's vice president after cabinetcrisissetoffbysocialgossip.

_____ A strange four-way election put an icy New Englander in office amid charges of a "corrupt bargain."

_____ Asouthernstatedeclaresafederaltarifflawinvalidbutfinallysubmitstofederalpressure.

_____ A slave rebellion in South Carolina raises southern fears of abolitionism and federal power.

_____ A New England-backed high tariff raises howls of protest and talk of nullification in the South.

_____ Afinancialcollapsecausesaprolongedeconomiccrisisandwidespreadsuffering.

Matching Cause and Effect:Match the historical cause in the left column with the proper effect in the right column by writing thecorrect letter on the blank line.

  1. Van Buren’s “Divorce Bill” _____
  1. The Whigs “log cabin and hard cider” campaign of 1840 _____
  1. The South Carolina nullification crisis of 1832 _____
  1. The organization of anti-Jackson forces into the Whig Party _____
  1. Jackson’s fear of offending northern anti-slavery sentiment _____
  1. Jackson’s destruction of the BUS _____
  1. Jackson’s defiance of the Supreme Court in the Cherokee Indian case _____
  1. Henry Clay’s bill to extend the charter of the BUS _____
  1. Friction between the Mexican government and the Texas settlers _____
  1. The Anti-Masonic Party _____
  1. …reestablished an effective American two-party system by the late 1830s.
  1. …pushed American politics even further toward emphasizing personalities and hoopla rather than issues
  1. …prompted Texas’s declaration of independence in 1836.
  1. …led to the rejection of Texas’ petition for annexation to the United States in 1837.
  1. …got the government out of banking but weakened the banking system.
  1. …forced thousands of people to travel the deadly “Trail of Tears” to Oklahoma.
  1. …enraged Jackson and led him to threaten armed confrontation and civil war.
  1. …drew a presidential veto and set off a bitter “Bank War”.
  1. …created financial instability and set the stage for the Panic of 1837.
  1. …attacked secret societies and promoted moral-religious reforms.