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Georgia Studies – Final Exam Study Guide

ANSWER KEY

  1. Which of Georgia’s physiographic regions occupies the largest land area in the state?COASTAL PLAIN
  2. Which states touch Georgia’s borders? FL, SC, NC, TN, AL
  3. Citieslocated on Georgia’s Fall Line? COLUMBUS, MACON, AUGUSTA (NOT ATHENS)
  4. Which regions of the state are separated by Georgia’s Fall Line?PIEDMONT AND COASTAL PLAIN
  5. Most of Georgia’s major agricultural products, including peanuts and Vidalia onions, are grown in which region? COASTAL PLAIN
  6. Describe a way that the barrier islands protect the mainland? They protect the beaches and mainland from wind, sand, and water erosion.
  7. The first permanent English settlement in the New World was at: JAMESTOWN (1607)
  8. What countries were major colonizers of the New World?SPAIN, FRANCE, ENGLAND
  9. The first Spanish settlement in what would become part of the United States was at: ST. AUGUSTINE, FL
  10. The trade policy of Great Britainwith her colonies was called?Mercantilism
  11. Know the groups of people that were among the earliest Georgia settlers. English, Salzburgers, Highland Scots, Jews, Morovians
  12. Georgia’s first settlement was made near the present city of?SAVANNAH
  13. What were reasonsthat Oglethorpe wantedto form the colony of Georgia? PLACE FOR WORTHY POOR, DEFENCE FR. SPANISH IN FL, PROTECTION FR. FRENCH, SILK/DYE/WINE PRODUCTION
  14. Georgia’s Charter of 1732 included what types of provisions? NO CATHOLICS, LIQUOR SALES/CONSUMPTION/LAWYERS. TRUSTEES NOT ABLE TO OWN LAND, HOLD POLITICAL OFFICE, BE PAID FOR THEIR WORK AS TRUSTEES. NO BLACKS/SLAVES.
  15. Where did Oglethorpe and the first Georgia colonists land when they arrived in Georgia? YAMACRAW BLUFF
  16. Name the term that BEST describes the kind of people Oglethorpe and his associates wanted to bring to Georgia? POOR BUT WORTHY (DEBTORS FROM OVERCROWDED PRISONS IN ENGLAND.)
  17. When did Georgia become a royal colony?1752
  18. How the French and Indian War led to America’s Revolutionary War? WAR DEBT. ENGLAND TAXED THE COLONISTS FOR THE ENTIRE COST OF THE FRENCH & INDIAN WAR. COLONISTS HAD NO REPRESENTATION IN ENGLAND. THEY BECAME FRUSTRATED AND ANGRY OVER THE HUGE WAR DEBT THAT ENGLAND EXPECTED THEM TO PAY THROUGH TAXES ON EVERYTHING.
  19. Why was anti-British sentiment less in Georgia than in the other colonies during the revolutionary period?GEORGIA WAS THE YOUNGEST COLONY AND WAS VERY DEPENDENT ON ENGLAND. GEORGIA HAD A VERY GOOD TRADE RELATIONSHIP WITH ENLAND (MERCANTILISM).
  20. The primary author of the United States’ Declaration of Independence was? THOMAS JEFFERSON
  21. Which of the colonies were the oldest and the youngest? OLDEST – VIRGINIA/YOUNGEST - GEORGIA
  22. What was the main type of colony established in America?
  23. What natural border did the Proclamation Line of 1763 follow? THE APPALACHIAN MTNS
  24. The _____TEA ACT ______of 1773 resulted in a group of Patriots dressing as Mohawk Indians and tossing 342 chests of tea into BostonHarbor.
  25. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention held in 1787 in Philadelphia? TO REVISE THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
  26. Who represented Georgia at the Constitutional Convention of 1787? WILLILAM FEW & ABRAHAM BALDWIN
  27. What was the major weakness of the Articles of Confederation? THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAD LITTLE POWER
  28. What was the purpose of the headright system? LAND DISTRIBUTION – DISTRIBUTED INDIANLAND TO NEW SETTLERS
  29. The YazooLand Fraud…BUSINESSESS BRIBED LAWMAKERS WHO SOLD LAND TO SAID BUSINESS AT VERY LOW PRICES
  30. The original names for Atlanta were? TERMINUS & MARTHASVILLE
  31. The most important mechanical invention to affect Georgia’s economy in early 1800’s was? COTTON GIN
  32. Sequoyah’s major contribution to Cherokee culture was? SYLLABARY FOR WRITTEN CHEROKEE LANGUAGE
  33. What discovery led to the final Indian removal from Georgia? DISCOVERY OF GOLD IN DAHLONEGA, GA
  34. The Cherokee nickname for their forced removal from Georgia was? TRAIL OF TEARS
  35. What land acquisition allowed the U.S. to obtain the most new land?LOUISIANA PURCHASE
  36. The Great Awakening was a period of RELIGIOUS RENEWAL
  37. The maximum number of consecutiveyears that a Georgia governor may serve as the state’s chief executive officer is? 8 YEARS (4 years/term)
  38. What are some of the informal powers of the Governor? PG. 533 FOR ALL INFORMAL POWERS. KNOW THAT THE GOVERNOR IS ALSO THE HONORARY HEAD OF HIS/HER POLITICAL PARTY WHILE IN OFFICE.
  39. Who is the current governor of Georgia? SONNY PURDUE
  40. According to Georgia’s Constitution, all government originates from? THE PEOPLE
  41. If a person found guilty of a crime thinks that a mistake was made in their trial, they may take their case to? APPELLATE COURT
  42. A judge says that a juvenile must spend 60 days in a youth development center. This judgment would have taken place during what step in the Juvenile Justice system? DISPOSITIONAL HEARING
  43. How do the courts in Georgia differ from the legislative and executive branches? THEY DO NOT START ANY ACTION BUT MUST WAIT UNTIL CASES ARE BROUGHT TO THEM.
  44. In a criminal case, who files the charges? THE GOVERNMENT
  45. Why were juvenile courts created?
  46. How many votes are needed to pass a bill in the full house? A MAJORITY OF THE VOTES (50% +1 VOTE)
  47. The presiding officer of the Georgia Senate is? THE LT. GOVERNOR
  48. The government of Georgia is based onwhat written document? CONSTITUTION
  49. In Georgia, the separation of power refers to the division of power between? BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT – JUDICIAL, LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE
  50. To vote in Georgia you must be how old? 18 YEARS OLD
  51. Name the amendment making slavery illegal in the United States. 13TH AMENDMENT
  52. One who farmed land he did not own with his own equipment and animals is called a? TENANT FARMER
  53. Who was the Union President elected in 1860? ABRAHAM LINCOLN
  54. Where was the Confederate POW camp located in Georgia? ANDERSONVILLE
  55. The Freedman’s Bureau was created to do what?TO HELP NEWLY FREED SLAVES ADJUST TO THEIR LIVES AT THE END OF THE CIVIL WAR
  56. The plan to rebuild the South and restore it to the Union was known as RECONSTRUCTION.
  57. What are some fundamental causes of the Civil War? STATES’ RIGHTS, COMPROMISES OF 1800’S, ETC...
  58. What is the Emancipation Proclamation? DOCUMENT THAT FREED SLAVES IN THE CONFEDERACY
  59. Name the man that was wrongly accused of murdering Mary Phagan and lynched. LEO FRANK
  60. Name the 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld “separate but equal” train cars and opened the door for even more Jim Crow laws. PLESSY V. FERGUSON
  61. This organization grew out of the Niagara Movement of 1909 and stands for National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. What is the acronym? NAACP
  62. A GRANDFATHER CLAUSE stated that only those men whose fathers or grandfathers had been eligible to vote in 1867 were eligible to vote.
  63. Name the man that believed that African Americans could not accept second-class status and should fight for equality through political action. W.E.B. DUBOIS
  64. He is known for writing the phrase “new south”, and later becoming editor of the Atlanta Constitution. HENRY GRADY
  65. A group of three men committed to strong economic ties with the industrial north. (Joseph Brown, Alfred Colquitt and John Gordon). BOURBON TRIUMVIRATE
  66. He believed that by working hard, saving money, and becoming important to the local economies African Americans could earn the respect of whites. (W.E.B. Dubois or Booker T. Washington.)
  67. Why was WWI so large if it only started as a conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia? A SERIES OF INTERCONNECTED ALLIANCES
  68. The policy of remaining removed from international diplomacy was called ISOLATIONISM
  69. Name the term that describes the belief that economic problems can work themselves out in the marketplace without government help or controls? LAISSEZ-FAIRE
  70. Why did President Franklin D. Roosevelt spend so much time in Georgia? THE WARM MINERAL WATERS OF WARM SPRINGS, GA HELPED HIS POLIO.
  71. What are some underlying reasons for the beginning of WWI in Europe? NATIONALISM, MILITARISM, SYSTEM OF ALLIANCES
  72. What were two factors that caused GEORGIA to fall into an economic depression? BOLL WEEVIL AND A DROUGHT
  73. Why did the United States start a Lend-lease system of war equipment in WWII? ALLIES RAN OUT OF MONEY WITH WHICH TO PURCHASE THE EQUIPMENT
  74. The day the nation’s stock market “crashed,” plunging the country into a depression is referred to as BLACK TUESDAY
  75. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) was created by Roosevelt to? RAISE PRICES OF CROPS BY LIMITING SUPPLY
  76. The Great Migration occurred when African-Americans left what part of the country? Where did they move to? AFRICAN-AMERICANS TO THE NORTH
  77. The New Deal programs were intended to? RELIEVE THE SUFFERING OF THE UNEMPLOYED
  78. The basic wage that workers can be paid per hour is called MINIMUM WAGE.
  79. The overall program of economic improvement that FDR instated was called the NEW DEAL.
  80. Who was president of the United States when the nation fell into the Great Depression in 1929? HERBERT HOOVER
  81. The B-29 bombers were built in Georgia at the BELL AIRCRAFT PLANT IN MARIETTA
  82. How did participants of the SNCC voice their opinions during the Civil Rights movement? NONVIOLENT, DIRECT ACTIONS
  83. Why was the Sibley Commission formed? TO HELP DETERMINE HOW GEORGIANS FELT ABOUT DESEGREGATION OF SCHOOLS
  84. Name the men who claimed to be governor during Georgia’s infamous “Three Governors Episode”? EUGENE TALMADGE, HERMAN TALMADGE, MELVIN THOMPSON. EUGENE WON THE ELECTION BUT DIED BEFORE TAKING OFFICE. MELVIN THOMPSON WAS HIS LT. GOVERNOR. HERMAN WAS HIS SON WHO HAD MANY WRITE-IN VOTES.
  85. What Civil Rights approach did Dr. Martin L. King Jr.use to gain equality and civil rights for all citizens? ECONOMIC BOYCOTTS, LEGAL ACTION, DIRECT/NONVIOLENT ACTIONS.
  86. What was the purpose of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)? TO PROMOTE CIVIL RIGHTS FOR ALL CITIZENS
  87. What was the main focus of Georgia’s Albany Movement? TO INTEGRATE INTERSTATE BUS STATION WAITING ROOMS IN ALBANY
  88. Which method of influencing political decision-making led to the Civil Rights Act of 1964? THE POWER OF PUBLIC OPINION, AS MILLIONS WATCHED TELEVISED NEWS REPORTS OF POLICE USING ATTACK DOGS AND FIRE HOSES ON AFRICAN-AMERICAN DEMONSTRATORS.
  89. Jimmy Carter’s accomplishments as PRESIDENTincluded THE CAMP DAVID PEACE ACCORDS BETWEEN ISRAEL AND EGYPT.