Station 1
George Bush’s 9/11 speech was in response to the attacks on the World Trade center on September 11, 2001.
- What is the primary subject or central idea that is developed in the text? Share elements of the speech that reveal the speaker’s point of view/position regarding this subject? (think thesis)
- How would you describe the speaker’s tone? List specific words or phrases from the speech that reveal this attitude.
- What is the speaker’s overall purpose? What impact do they want to have on the audience?
- Cite at least 3 details from the speech, used by the speaker to support his point of view. Evaluate their effectiveness and/or value in helping the speaker achieve their purpose.
- Analyze how the speaker employs rhetorical appeals and devices to impact the audience and achieve their overall purpose within the speech. Provide examples from the speech for the appeals that are present.
Ethos:
Pathos:
Logos:
- List at least 3 questions you have regarding the speech.
- What did you find to be the strongest and/or weakest elements of the speech?
- In the area provided on your answer document, write a brief summary (5-6 sentences) of the primary ideas and point of view expressed within the speech.
Station 2
Queen Elizabeth I’s speech to the troops at Tilbury, 1588
Background: The very words of her speech as well as her literal appearance at the event contributed to create a distinct, powerful leader who was at once another citizen and soldier in England’s army and a supreme leader. Before the speech the Armada had been driven from the Strait of Dover in the Battle of Gravelines eleven days earlier, and had by then rounded Scotland on its way home, but troops were still held at ready in case the Spanish army of Alexander Farnese, the Duke of Parma, might yet attempt to invade from Dunkirk; two days later they were discharged. On the day of the speech, the Queen left her bodyguard before Tilbury Fort and went among her subjects with an escort of six men. Lord Ormonde walked ahead with the Sword of State; he was followed by a page leading the Queen's charger and another bearing her silver helmet on a cushion; then came the Queen herself, in white with a silver cuirass and mounted on a grey gelding. She was flanked on horseback by her lieutenant general the Earl of Leicester on the right, and on the left by the Earl of Essex, her Master of the Horse. Sir John Norreys brought up the rear.
Directions: On your answer sheet you will…
- Give an example she uses for each of the appeals (Ethos, Pathos, Logos) to convince her listeners to fight for her from the loyal follower to the greedy mercenary.
- Explain how she uses each appeal.
- Tell what the tone starts as and where the tone shifts in her speech as well as why.
Queen Elizabeth I’s Speech
to the Troops at Tilbury, 1588
My loving people,
We have been persuaded by some that are careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit ourselves to armed multitudes, for fear of treachery; but I assure you I do not desire to live to distrust my faithful and loving people. Let tyrants fear. I have always so behaved myself that, under God, I have placed my chiefest strength and safeguard in the loyal hearts and good-will of my subjects; and therefore I am come amongst you, as you see, at this time, not for my recreation and disport, but being resolved, in the midst and heat of the battle, to live and die amongst you all; to lay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and my people, my honour and my blood, even in the dust.
I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too, and think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe, should dare to invade the borders of my realm; to which rather than any dishonor shall grow by me, I myself will take up arms, I myself will be your general, judge, and rewarder of every one of your virtues in the field.
I know already, for your forwardness you have deserved rewards and crowns; and We do assure you on the word of a prince, they shall be duly paid. In the meantime, my lieutenant general shall be in my stead, than whom never prince commanded a more noble or worthy subject; not doubting but by your obedience to my general, by your concord in the camp, and your valour in the field, we shall shortly have a famous victory over those enemies of my God, of my kingdom, and of my people.
Station 3
The power of persuasion through Commercials.
Methods of persuasion:
•You should be familiar with the different methods of persuasion.
•With or without realizing it, you will try to persuade your audience with different approaches.
• If you want to see persuasive methods in action – look at commercials.
•Marketers want to persuade an audience to buy a product or service.
•Commercials will contain aspects of ethos, pathos, and logos.
Ethos
•Ethos is an appeal to ethics. It has to do with establishing ‘character.’
•To persuade, you need to establish that you are trustworthy.
•Commercials strive to show their companies and products as ethical. They want consumers to trust them.
Pathos
•Pathos is an appeal to emotion. It has to do with creating a connection with the consumer.
•This emotional connection engages your audience.
•Commercials want viewers to remember the product. People remember ideas they feel sadness, anger, compassion, humor, or any other emotion about.
Logos
•Logos is an appeal to logic. It persuades consumers by showing a reasonable argument.
•To persuade, show logical reasons why your stance works.
•Commercials want viewers to feel smart. They want to give the illusion of a good deal – that the consumer is a smart shopper.
Examining Commercials
•The following commercials are all from insurance companies. Consider:
- What are these companies trying to sell (is it only insurance)?
- Who is their audience – who buys insurance?
Assignment Your assignment is to break down the commercials by ethos, pathos, and logos.
Station 4
Persuasive Techniques in Print Ads
Pathos: an appeal to emotion
An advertisement using pathos will attempt to evoke an emotional response in the consumer. Sometimes, it is a positive emotion such as happiness: an image of people enjoying themselves while drinking Pepsi. Other times, advertisers will use negative emotions such as pain: a person having back problems after buying the “wrong” mattress. Pathos can also include emotions such as a fear and guilt: images of a starving child to persuade you to send money.
Logos: an appeal to logic or reason
An advertisement using logos will give you the evidence and statistics you need to fully understand what the product does. The logos of an advertisement will be the “straight facts” about the product: One glass of Florida orange juice contains 75% of your daily Vitamin C needs.
Ethos: an appeal to credibility or character
An advertisement using ethos will try to convince you that the company is more reliable, honest, and credible; therefore, you should buy its product. Ethos often involves statistics from reliable experts, such as nine out of ten dentists agree that Crest is better than any other brand or America’s dieters choose Lean Cuisine. Often, a celebrity endorses a product to lend it more credibility: Catherine Zeta-Jones makes us want to switch to T-Mobile.
Part I: Label each example below for pathos (p), logos (l), and ethos(e)
- A child is shown covered in bug bites after using an inferior bug spray.
- Tiger Woods endorses Nike.
- Sprite Zero is 100% sugar-free.
- A 32-oz. bottle of Tide holds enough to wash 32 loads.
- A commercial shows an image of a happy couple riding in a Corvette.
- Cardiologists recommend Ecotrin more than any other brand of aspirin.
- Advil Liqui-Gels provide up to 8 hours of continuous pain relief.
- Miley Cyrus appears in Oreo advertisements. (back in her Disney days)
- People who need more energy drink Red Bull Energy Drink.
- A magazine ad shows people smiling while smoking cigarettes.
Part II: For each of the three Ad prints you will answer the following three questions:
- Who is the audience?
- What is the purpose?
- What persuasive appeal is being used?
Station 5
Rhetorical Techniques in Movie Speeches
Directions: Listen to/read each movie speech and explain what rhetorical appeal is being used, why it is being used, and give text evidence to support.
300speech is Ethos. Explain why this is an example of ethos and give text evidence to support.
Saving Private Ryan uses Pathos. Explain why this is an example of pathos and give text evidence to support.
Good Will Hunting uses Logos. Explain why this is an example of pathos and give text evidence to support.
For Braveheart you must decide what the primary appeal is used by William Wallace and then explain why he used it as well as give text evidence.
from300
Ethos: The Power and Credibility of the Speaker
On your answer sheet, explain why this is an example of ethos and give an example from the text.
Spartan Council Loyalist: May I give the floor now to the wife of Leonidas and Queen of Sparta.
Queen Gorgo: Councilmen, I stand before you today not only as your Queen: I come to you as a mother; I come to you as a wife; I come to you as a Spartan woman; I come to you with great humility.
I am not here to represent Leonidas; his actions speak louder than my words ever could. I am here for all those voices which cannot be heard: mothers, daughters, fathers, sons -- 300 families that bleed for our rights, and for the very principles this room was built upon.
We are at war, gentlemen. We must send the entire Spartan army to aid our King in the preservation of not just ourselves, but of our children.
Send the army for the preservation of liberty.
Send it for justice.
Send it for law and order.
Send it for reason.
But most importantly, send our army for hope -- hope that a king and his men have not been wasted to the pages of history -- that their courage bonds us together, that we are made stronger by their actions, and that your choices today reflect their bravery.
fromSaving Private Ryan
Pathos: The Power of the Audience’s Emotions and Values
On your answer sheet, explain why this is an example of pathos and give an example from the text.
Captain John Miller: Address to Unit on Mission to Save Private Ryan
Private Reiben: Well put your money where your mouth is and do it! Do it! Pull the trigger already!
Sergeant Horvath: You don't know when to shut up. You don't know how to shut up.
Corporal Upham: Captain, please!
Captain Miller: Mike? What's the pool on me up to right now? What's it up to? What is it three hundred dollars -- is that it? Three hundred? I'm a school teacher. I teach English Composition in this little town called Addley, Pennsylvania. The last eleven years, I've been at Thomas Alva Edison High School. I was coach of the baseball team in the spring time.
Sergeant Horvath: I'll be doggone.
Captain Miller: Back home when I tell people what I do for a living, they think, well, that, that figures. But over here its a big, a big mystery. So I guess I've changed some. Sometimes I wonder if I've changed so much my wife is even gonna to recognize me whenever it is I get back to her -- and how I'll ever be able to tell her about days like today.
Ryan -- I don't know anything about Ryan. I don't care. Man means nothin' to me. It's just a name. But if -- you know -- if going to Ramel and finding him so he can go home, if that earns me the right to get back to my wife -- well, then, then that's my mission.
You wanna leave? You wanna go off and fight the war? Alright. Alright, I won't stop you. I'll even put in the paperwork. I just know that every man I kill the farther away from home I feel.
fromGood Will Hunting
Logos: The Power of Logic and Reason
On your answer sheet, explain why this is an example of logos and give an example from the text.
Chuckie: Are we gonna have a problem? I don't understand --
Clark: No, no...there's no problem here. I was just hoping you might give me some insight into the evolution of the market economy in the Southern colonies. My contention is that prior to the Revolutionary War, the economic modalities, especially in the southern colonies, could most aptly be characterized as agrarian, pre-capitalist --
Chuckie: Let me tell you something, alright –
Will: Of course that's your contention. You're a first year grad student. You just got finished readin' some Marxian historian -- Pete Garrison probably. You're gonna be convinced of that 'til next month when you get to James Lemon, and then you're gonna be talkin' about how the economies of Virginia and Pennsylvania were entrepreneurial and capitalist way back in 1740. That's gonna last until next year -- you're gonna be in here regurgitating Gordon Wood, talkin' about, you know, the Pre-revolutionary utopia and the capital-forming effects of military mobilization.
Clark: Well, as a matter of fact, I won't, because Wood drastically underestimates the impact of social--
Will: Wood drastically -- Wood 'drastically underestimates the impact of social distinctions predicated upon wealth, especially inherited wealth.' You got that from Vickers, 'Work in Essex County,' page 98, right? Yeah, I read that too. Were you gonna plagiarize the whole thing for us? Do you have any thoughts of your own on this matter? Or do you...is that your thing? You come into a bar. You read some obscure passage and then pretend...you pawn it off as your own idea just to impress some girls and embarrass my friend? See the sad thing about a guy like you is in 50 years you're gonna start doin' some thinkin' on your own and you're gonna come up with the fact that there are two certainties in life. One: don't do that. And two: You dropped a hundred and fifty grand on a f----n' education you coulda' got for a dollar fifty in late charges at the public library.Clark: Yeah, but I will have a degree. And you'll be serving my kids fries at a drive-through on our way to a skiing trip.
Will: Yeah, maybe. Yeah, but at least I won't be unoriginal. By the way if you have a problem with that, I mean, we could just step outside and we could figure it out.
Clark: No, man, there's no problem. It's cool.
Will: It's cool?
Clark: Yeah.
Will: Cool.
Chuckie: ...How ya like me now?!
fromBraveheart
You must decide what the primary appeal is used by William Wallace and then explain why he used it as well as give text evidence.
William Wallace: Address to Scottish Army at Stirling
Wallace: Sons of Scotland, I am William Wallace.
Young soldier: William Wallace is 7 feet tall.
Wallace: Yes, I've heard. Kills men by the hundreds, and if he were here he'd consume the English with fireballs from his eyes and bolts of lightning from his arse. I AM William Wallace. And I see a whole army of my countrymen here in defiance of tyranny. You have come to fight as free men, and free men you are. What would you do without freedom? Will you fight?
Veteran soldier: Fight? Against that? No, we will run; and we will live.
Wallace: Aye, fight and you may die. Run and you'll live -- at least a while. And dying in your beds many years from now, would you be willing to trade all the days from this day to that for one chance, just one chance to come back here and tell our enemies that they may take our lives, but they'll never take our freedom!!!
Wallace and Soldiers: Alba gu bra! (Scotland forever!)
Station 6
I’m Batman a TedTalk
What flies through the night, silently guarding and protecting our world from evil? Batman? Try...a bat. Like Batman, bats are widely misunderstood and vilified. Amy Wray disproves the myth that bats are dangerous villains and explains why they, instead, deserve a hero's welcome -- and our protection.
- Explain two ways that bats provide help for farmers who grow food plants.
- Many bat populations around the world are declining. List some of the reasons why bats need our help.
- Even though bats have a lot of heroic qualities, the public perception of bats can be negative or fueled by misinformation. What are some common misconceptions about bats, and what is actually true about them?
- Fill out the attached organizer.
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