Genetics TGT Practice Questions

  1. The universal blood donor is type ___.
  2. What is the name used to allele combinations such as Tt, Aa, and Ff?
  3. What do we call it when we cross one trait at a time?
  4. What is a simple tool for predicting genetic probability?
  5. What does F2 generation mean?
  6. What does a capital letter represent in genetics?
  7. Who is known as the father of modern genetics?
  8. What is the Principal of Segregation?
  9. If two alleles show up to produce new patterns in the offspring such as a black hen and a white rooster making checkered chickens, what type of inheritance is this called?
  10. Skin color, hair color, eye color, and height all inherited through ______inheritance.
  11. A person with this type of blood lacks either type of antigen on their red blood cells.
  12. What organism did Mendel study?
  13. What does F1 generation mean?
  14. What is the name used to describe allele combinations such as tt, aa, and ff?
  15. What is Independent Assortment?
  16. If an individual of genotype AA is crossed with an a individual of genotype aa, what will be the genotypes of their offspring?
  17. Inheritance of coat color in yellow labs is a result of ______.
  18. Baldness is an example of a ______trait.
  19. What percentage of a colorblind mother’s sons will be colorblind?
  20. A method for tracing patterns of inheritance through family trees is known as ____.
  21. Inheritance of this type of allele can result in death of the unborn offspring, such as inheritance of two copies of the manx allele in cats.
  22. What does P1 generation mean?
  23. A person with this type of blood has a codominant blood type.
  24. What does a lower case letter represent in genetics?
  25. What is the name to describe allele combinations such as TT, AA, and FF?
  26. What do we call it when we work with a cross where we are looking at two traits in the organism at the same time?
  27. What is meant by the Principal of Dominance?
  28. How many alleles would an individual need to inherit for a recessive non-sex linked trait to be expressed?
  29. Give an example of a human trait inherited by simple Mendelian inheritance.
  30. If two alleles blend together to produce a new phenotype in the offspring such as red and white making pink flowers, what type of inheritance is this called?
  31. What type of inheritance controls blood types?
  32. What type of inheritance is responsible for colorblindness?
  33. Fancy feathers being expressed only in male birds is an example of a ______trait.
  34. To what illness do individuals heterozygous for sickle cell anemia have resistance?
  35. The universal blood recipient is type ___.
  36. What is the name of the disorder in which blood does not clot properly?
  37. What is the dominant disorder which results in progressive neurologic problems, beginning between age 30 and 50?
  38. What is it called when scientists study genetically identical individuals raised in different environments to learn about how environment influences the expression of genes?
  39. To what does Rh factor refer?
  40. Hemophilia is inherited by what type of inheritance pattern?
  41. What disorder results in lack of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes?
  42. This is the term used to describe the combination of alleles inherited by an individual.
  43. What does a shaded circle or square on a pedigree represent?
  44. If a mother with hemophilia has a baby boy, what is the percent chance of her baby boy inheriting hemophilia?
  45. What dominant disorder results in extra fingers or toes at birth?
  46. A half shaded circle or square represents an individual who is ____ for the trait being studied.
  47. What disorder results in individuals who cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine?
  48. What is the name of the disorder in which people need to avoid milk products?
  49. What is the name of the disorder which results in excessive mucus production?
  50. Mating between closely related individuals is called ______and can result in a higher frequency of genetic disorders due to more instances of certain harmful or lethal alleles.
  51. What is the probability of a couple having 3 baby boys in a row?
  52. What is it called when a single gene produces many characteristics in an offspring, such as the many phenotypic symptoms which result from having the sickle cell gene on both chromosomes?
  53. Lines between a circle and square in a pedigree represent ___.
  54. From which parent or parents would a colorblind son inherit the allele(s) for colorblindness?
  55. From which parent or parents would a colorblind daughter inherit the allele(s) for colorblindness?
  56. Organisms which have both both male and female reproductive organs are known as ______.
  57. Circles in a pedigree represent ______.
  58. People who carry copies of an allele for a trait but do not express the trait themselves are called _____.
  59. What is the name for the dominant disorder which results in dwarfism?
  60. What is the name of for the incurable disorder more common in people of European Jewish decent which results in the death of the child before the age of 5?
  61. What is the name for genes located close together on the same chromosome and typically inherited together?
  62. What is the probability of a gambler rolling a “5” on a six-sided die twice in a row?
  63. Plants which have both male and female flower parts on the same plant are known as ____.
  64. What can scientists do to determine the location of specific genes?
  65. What is the study of heredity called?
  66. Plants which have the male and female flower parts on separate plants are called _____.
  67. What is the technology called in which sound waves are used to form an image of a baby in the womb?
  68. What is the name of the procedure in which a fluid sample is removed from around a baby in the mother’s womb for testing?
  69. Traits such as moustaches and breast development which are expressed differently in males than in females are known as ______traits.
  70. What type of inheritance would show a wide range of variation in a bell curve shaped graph?
  71. Testing of prospective parents for certain genetic disorders is called ______.
  72. The human sex chromosomes are ____ in females and ____in males.
  73. Why was Mendel’s work so successful?
  74. Squares in a pedigree represent ____.
  75. This happens in Prophase I of meiosis to produce new and sometimes unexpected new gene combinations.
  76. This is the term for the physical characteristic expressed by a genotype.
  77. Although in some cases multiple alleles may exist for a trait, what is the maximum number of alleles each individual may inherit?
  78. What is it called when we look at the offspring from a mating of a homozygous recessive individual with an individual of an unknown genotype in order to find the probable genotype of an unknown parent?
  79. If a bald woman marries a man with normal hair and they have children, what chance do their sons have of being bald?
  80. True or false? Dominance of a gene means that there is more of it in a population.

Genetics TGT Answers

  1. O
  2. heterozygous
  3. monohybrid crosses
  4. Punnett Square
  5. offspring from two parents from the F1 generation
  6. dominant allele
  7. Gregor Mendel
  8. allele pairs on homologous chromosomes separate when it is time to form gametes in meiosis
  9. codominance
  10. polygenic inheritance
  11. O
  12. pea plants
  13. 1st generation of offspring from original parents being studied
  14. homozygous recessive
  15. Alleles for one trait sort independently and are inherited independently of alleles for another trait
  16. Aa
  17. epistasis
  18. sex-influenced
  19. 100%
  20. pedigree
  21. lethal
  22. parents
  23. AB
  24. recessive allele
  25. homozygous dominant
  26. dihybrid cross
  27. A dominant allele will mask the expression of a recessive allele.
  28. 2
  29. Widow’s peak, hitch-hiker’s thumb, tongue-rolling ability, free or attached earlobes
  30. incomplete dominance
  31. multiple alleles
  32. sex-linked or X-linked
  33. sex-limited
  34. malaria
  35. AB
  36. hemophilia
  37. Huntington’s disease
  38. Identical Twin Studies
  39. a protein which is either present (positive) or absent (negative) on an individual’s red blood cells
  40. sex-linked or X-linked
  41. albinism
  42. genotype
  43. an individual who has the trait being studied in the pedigree
  44. 100%
  45. polydactyly
  46. carrier or heterozygous
  47. PKU
  48. galactosemia
  49. cystic fibrosis
  50. inbreeding
  51. 1 out of 8 chance
  52. pleiotropy
  53. marriage
  54. mother
  55. could inherit from either or both mother and father
  56. hermaphrodites
  57. females
  58. carriers
  59. achondroplasia
  60. Tay-Sachs
  61. linked genes
  62. 1 out of 36 chance
  63. monoecious
  64. gene mapping
  65. genetics
  66. dioecious
  67. ultrasound
  68. amniocentesis
  69. sex-influenced
  70. polygenic
  71. genetic screening
  72. XX; XY
  73. Carefully controlled experiments; careful records of data; repeated experiments many times; started with pure-breeding strains of pea plants; chose characteristics that had only 2 options; peas; dedicated lots of time to his work; good climate in Austria for growing peas
  74. males
  75. crossing over
  76. phenotype
  77. two
  78. test cross
  79. 100%
  80. false

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