Acids and Bases Unit: Review Sheet (4/13)

DIRECTIONS: Answer the questions that follow.

  1. Below are some characteristics that may be true of acids and/or bases. Put an A next to a characteristic if it is an ACID characteristic; put a B next to a characteristic if it is a BASE characteristic; put AB next to a characteristic if it is both an ACID AND A BASE characteristic; put nothing next to it if it is NEITHER AN ACID NOR A BASE CHARACTERISTIC.

SLIPPERY CONDUCTS ELECTRICITYTURNS LITMUS BLUE

TASTES SOUR TURNS LITMUS REDpH < 7

[H+] > [OH-] pH > 7TASTES SOUR

pH = 7 [OH-] > [H+][H+] < [OH-]

[H3O+] < [OH-] [OH-] < [H3O+]pH = 8.5

pH = 4.1 [H3O+] = 1 X 10-3 M[H3O+] = [OH-]

high pH low pH

  1. For the molecular formulas below, put an A below it if it is an ACID and a B below it if it is a base. Put AB if it can be both an acid and a base. Do not write anything next to it if it is neither an acid nor base.

NaOHH2SO4 HNO3Ca(OH)2NaClH2OHClO4

  1. Write a balanced equation that shows how the acids below ionize in water.
  1. _____ HCl + _____ H2O 
  1. _____ HNO3+ _____ H2O 
  1. _____ HClO4+ _____ H2O 
  1. Write a balanced equation that shows how the acids below dissociate in water,
  1. _____ NaOH 
  1. _____ Mg(OH)2
  1. _____ Al(OH)3
  1. Write balanced neutralization reactions when the following acids and bases are mixed.
  1. _____ NaOH +_____ HCl
  1. _____ HNO3+ _____ Ca(OH)2
  1. _____ LiOH + _____ HClO4
  1. Be sure to show all work, use units, and use sig figs in the questions that follow.
  1. What is the molarity of a solution made by adding 25.5 grams of silver oxide to a volumetric flask and adding water to the 1.00 liter mark?
  1. How many grams of magnesium chloride are in 55.0 mL of a 2.50 M solution of magnesium chloride?
  1. How many mL of a 1.30 M solution of sodium chloride contain 12.0 grams?
  1. Find the pH of solutions with the following concentrations. Identify each solutions as acidic, basic, or neutral.
  2. [H3O+] = 3.27 X 10-3
  1. [H+] = 1.0 X 10-7
  1. For the following, determine the [H+]/[H3O+].
  1. pH = 3.6
  1. pH = 7.0
  1. Answer these questions.
  2. How many times more acidic is a pH of 3 compared to a pH of 6? ______
  3. How many times more basic is a pH of 10 compared to a pH of 8? ______
  1. Below each drawing, circle all the terms that apply.

diluteaciddiluteacid

concentratedbaseconcentratedbase

strong strong

weakweak

  1. Fill in these sentences with the correct term(s). Use the vocab on the learning targets for the terms.
  2. A(n) ______is a substance that changes color in a certain range of pH values.
  3. A(n) ______is a substance that resists a change in pH by reacting with limited amounts of acid or base added.
  4. ______occurs when an acid an base mix.
  5. Many particles in an area is best described as ______.
  6. Few particles in an area is best described as ______.
  7. When all (or almost all) of an acid or base dissociates (breaks apart), the acid or base is ______.
  8. When few (if any) of an acid or base dissociate, the acid or base is ______.
  9. Moles of solute per liter of solution is ______.
  10. _____ is the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration.
  11. A substance that produces hydrogen ions in solution is a(n) ______.
  12. A substance that produces hydroxide ions in solution is a(n) ______.
  13. You can identify a base by the presence in the formula of a(s) ______.
  14. When an acid is added to water, ______s form.
  15. Acids turn ______red; bases turn it blue.
  1. A 100.0 mL sample of 0.50 M HCl is titrated with 0.10 M NaOH. What volume of the NaOH is required to reach the endpoint of the titration?
  1. If 26.5 mL of a 0.20 M aqueous solution of NaOH is required to titrate 50.0 mL of an aqueous solution of HNO3, what is the concentration of the HNO3 solution?