______
Grade By 39 Name/Date
First Encounters & Europeans Establish Colonies
(pages 20 – 59)
Matching Directions: Place the letter of the correct term from the word bank with the description that best matches. For any terms that are NOT used, write an original, brief definition on the last page of this packet.
a. Bartolomeu Dias
b. Vasco da Gama
c. Chris Columbus
d. Amerigo Vespucci
e. Ferdinand Magellan
f. Hernán Cortés
g. conquistador
h. Columbian Exchange
i. House of Burgesses
j. Roger Williams
k. mission
l. Quebec
m. Pilgrims
n. Mayflower Compact
o. Samuel de Champlain
p. presidio
q. James Oglethorpe
r. Quakers
s. Lord Baltimore
t. mestizo
u. Puritans
v. Northwest Passage
_____1. Italian mariner who sailed for Spain
_____2. captured the Aztec city of Tenochtitlán
_____3. the mixing and dispersing of plants, animals, and microorganisms between the Americas and Europe
_____4. Portuguese explorer who reached India
_____5. Spanish soldier in North and South America
_____6. succeeded in circling the entire globe between 1519 and 1522
_____7. the first permanent settlement in Canada
_____8. the owner and governor of the Maryland Colony
_____9. an agreement among the Pilgrims to form a government
_____10. a hypothetical water route to Asia
_____11. people who sought an “Inner Light” to understand the Bible
_____12. the founder of Quebec
_____13. a place where friars tried to convert Indians to Christianity
_____14. the Virginia legislature
_____15. the founders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
_____16. the religious dissenter who founded Providence
Multiple Choice Directions: Write the letter of the best answer or ending in each blank.
_____17. Which group dominated the trade routes south and east of Africa in the 1400s?
a. the Portuguese
b. the Spanish
c. the Italians
d. the English
_____18. Christopher Columbus sought a route to China to
a. gain wealth for Italy.
b. claim the region for Spain.
c. convert the Chinese to Christianity.
d. accurately determine the size of Earth.
_____19. Who explored enough of South America to deem it a new continent?
a. John Cabot
b. Amerigo Vespucci
c. Ferdinand Magellan
d. Pedro Alvarez Cabral
_____20. Which of the following gave the Spanish their greatest advantage over the Indians?
a. horses
b. gunpowder
c. crossbows
d. diseases
_____21. Spain explored and established colonies in the Americas in part to
a. search for gold and other riches.
b. set up farming communities with which to trade.
c. trade with Native Americans.
d. provide a safe haven for religious dissenters.
_____22. Why did Spain colonize Florida and the Rio Grande valley?
a. Native Americans in that region wanted to trade with the Spanish.
b. The Spanish found silver and gold mines there.
c. Spain wanted to protect its colony in Mexico from other Europeans.
d. Missionaries insisted on spreading Christianity across the continent.
_____23. Unlike the Spanish, the French
a. enslaved Native Americans.
b. took little land from Native Americans.
c. did not send missionaries to the Americas.
d. built large urban centers in their colonies.
_____24. Robert de La Salle is noted for
a. finding the Northwest Passage.
b. exploring the St. Lawrence River.
c. claiming for France the land around the Mississippi River.
d. leading a Jesuit mission in New France.
_____25. Why did the English settle in the Chesapeake Bay area?
a. Native Americans agreed to sell them a large amount of territory.
b. The bay offered good harbors, and the land was fertile.
c. English businessmen had heard rumors of rich gold mines.
d. The Anglican Church wanted to build missions on land that had not been colonized.
_____26. In the 1600s, Virginia attracted many colonists because of
a. the fur trade.
b. the headright system.
c. peaceful relations with Native Americans.
d. laws respecting religious freedom.
_____27. What was one effect of Bacon’s Rebellion?
a. Nathaniel Bacon successfully drove most Native Americans from Virginia.
b. The colonists at Jamestown fled and had to build a new settlement.
c. Governor Berkeley remained in Jamestown and reformed the government.
d. The colony’s leaders reduced farmers’ taxes and improved their access to frontier lands.
_____28. Praying towns were organized to
a. give Puritans a place to worship.
b. force Indians to adopt English customs.
c. welcome people from many different religious backgrounds.
d. punish religious dissenters.
_____29. Which of the following distinguished the Middle Colonies from New England and the Southern Colonies?
a. prohibition of slavery
b. peace treaties with Native Americans
c. ethnic and religious diversity
d. representative government
Directions: Use the following chart to answer question 30.
_____30. Push factors led to the founding of which colonies?
a. Virginia, New York, North and South Carolina, Georgia
b. Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania
c. Plymouth, New York, Maryland, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania
d. Virginia, Maryland, North and South Carolina, Georgia
Colony Date Established Main Reason for Founding
Document-Based Assessment
European Motivations for Colonization
Why did European countries want colonies in North America? What motivated people to leave their homes to live on the edge of a distant continent they knew little about? Use your knowledge of colonial America and Documents A, B, and C to answer questions 31 through 33.
Document A
“It will be a service to the Church of great consequence to carry the Gospel into those parts of the world. . . . The whole earth is the Lord’s garden. . . . Why . . . suffer a whole continent as fruitful and convenient for the use of man to lie waste without any improvement? . . . What can be a better work, and more honorable and worthy of a Christian than to help rise and support a particular church while it is in its infancy, and to join his forces with such a company of faithful people, as by a timely assistance may grow strong and prosper. . . .”
—John Winthrop, Reasons for the Plantation in New England, c. 1628
Document B
“Whereas . . . several lands, Islands, Places, Colonies, and Plantations have been obtained and settled in that Part of the Continent of America called New England, and thereby them Trade and Commerce there, hath been of late Years much increased: And whereas We have been informed by the hirable Petition of our Trusty and Well beloved John Winthrop [and others], being Persons principally interested in Our Colony or Plantation of Connecticut, in New England, that the same Colony . . . was Purchased and obtained for great and valuable Considerations, and some other Part thereof gained by Conquest . . . and at the only Endeavors . . . of theirs and their Associates . . . Subdued, and Improved, and thereby become a considerable Enlargement and Addition of Our Dominions and Interest there. Now Know YE, That in consideration thereof . . . We have ordained . . . the said John Winthrop [and others] . . . One Body Corporate and politique, in Fact and Name, by the Name of, Governor and Company of the English colony of Connecticut in New-England, in America. . . .”
—from the Charter of Connecticut, 1662
Document C
“Carolina is a fair and spacious Province on the Continent of America. . . . This Province lying so neer Virginia, and yet more Southward, enjoys the fertility and advantages thereof; and yet is so far distant, as to be freed from the inconstancy of the Weather, which is a great cause of the unhealthfulness thereof. . . .
The Land is of divers sorts as in all Countryes of the world, that which lyes neer the Sea, is sandy and barren, but beareth many tall Trees, which make good timber for several uses; . . . up the River about 20 or 30 mile, where they have made a Town, called Charles-Town, there is plenty of as rich ground as any in the world. . . . The Woods are stored with Deer and Wild Turkeys, of a great magnitude, weighing many times above 50lbs a piece, and of a more pleasant tast than in England; . . . other sorts of Beasts in the Woods that are good for food; and also Fowls. . . . Here are as brave Rivers as any in the World, stored with great abundance of Sturgeon, Salmon, Bass, Plaice, Trout, and Spanish Mackrill, with many other most pleasant sorts of Fish, both flat and round, for which the English Tongue hath no name. . . . Last of all, the Air comes to be considered . . . and this is it which makes this Place so desireable, being seated in the most temperate Clime, where the neighbour-hood of the glorious Light of Heaven brings many advantages. . . . The Summer is not too hot, and the Winter is very short and moderate, best agreeing with English Constitutions. . . .”
—Robert Horne, A Brief Description of the Province of Carolina, 1666
_____31. Document B suggests that England valued its New England Colonies for
a. commercial reasons.
b. religious reasons.
c. strategic reasons.
d. political reasons.
_____32. Which documents are most likely advertisements?
a. Document A only
b. Documents A and B
c. Documents B and C
d. Documents A and C
_____33. Which documents suggest a religious motive for establishing colonies?
a. Document A only
b. Document B only
c. Documents A and C
d. Documents A and B
Terms not used from matching:
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.