Global Studies
Final Exam- Study Guide 12
The following review is a focused study guideto be used as you prepare for the final exam in the Global Studies course. It should be used in conjunction with your class notes, hand-outs and course readings.
The exam’s content will cover the regions of China, South Asia and Latin Americabroken down into the following categories: History, Politics & Current Events, Economics, Geography, and Culture.
The final exam is organized as follows:
Section Type: / Value:Multiple Choice Items:
Primary source excerpts
Political cartoon analysis
Photo analysis
Cause and effect matching Chronology of major events
Interpreting Visual Data / 55%
Map Work
Identification of ‘hotspot” countries placing them accurately on a world map ( Middle East, Asia, Africa and Latin America). / 10%
History Skills
Evaluating Leadership
Making a counter-argument / 15%
Persuasive Essay
Connected to the Global Fund Project – you will write a persuasive letter to the U.N. Security Council taking a position on R2P
This essay will be completed in class prior to the final exam. If you are absent on this date, you will need to arrange a time with me to make it up. / 20%
Remember: A short daily review, beginning now, is more effective than studying for hours the night before the exam is given.
SECTION 1:China
Middle Kingdom – center
Eastern corridor
Confucious - relationships, role models
Daoism - nature, harmony
Yin yang symbol
Chi
Ancestor worship - feng shui
Dynasty – ruling family (emperor)
Forbidden City
Qin Shi Huangdi - unification
Great Wall, Terra Cotta warriors
Northern invaders - Genghis Khan, Mongols
Qing – last dynasty (1924)
Europe = carved up
Imperialism
Spheres of influence
Opium War
Boxer Rebellion
Sun Yat-sen = democracy
Chiang Kai Shek - Nationalist
Northern Expedition - warlords
Mao – Communist leader
Long March
Japanese invasion 1937
Atomic bomb – Japanese withdrawal
Civil War – Nationalists v. Communists
Poor farmers = peace, land, rice
Mao defeats Chiang Kai Shek 1949
Mao – mainland – communist
Chiang – Taiwan – democratic
U.N. Security Council – seat to Taiwan
USSR boycotts Security Council – Korean War
Cult of personality
Little Red Book
Politburo
Hundred Flowers program
Re-education camps
Great Leap Forward
Farming collectives
Famine = 30 million dead
Old veterans turn against Mao
Cultural Revolution (rebel against authority)
Red Guard
Mao’s death 1976
Deng Xiaoping (economic reform)
Four Modernizations
Responsibility system
“doesn’t matter if cat…”
Move toward capitalist economy
Rapid industrialization with cheap labor
Communism = group over individual
Cooperation and sharing
Socialist phase
Capitalism = individual over group
Competition and profit
One child policy
1.3 billion
National exam system - gao kao
Human rights violations
Tiananmen Square protest 1989 = Tank Man
Tibetan occupation - Dalai Lama - Buddhists
Britain returns Hong Kong 1999
Taiwan conflict = independence?
SECTION 2: India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
Geographic isolation
Khyber Pass
Hinduism - reincarnation
dharma and karma
Brahman, Vishnu and Shiva
Siddhartha Gautama = Buddha
Four Noble Truths
suffering and desire
Eightfold Path
Nirvana
Mughal empire = Shah Jahan
Taj Mahal
Aryans
Caste system – socioeconomics
suttee (funeral pyre), purdah (isolation)
Mughal empire
Taj Mahal - Shah Jahan
British East India Company
cash crops
Sepoy Rebellion
British colony – direct rule
Viceroy
Indian National Congress = gradual reform
Nehru - Hindu and Jinnah - Muslim
Separate electorate- Muslim minority
Mohandas Gandhi
Non-violent civil disobedience
Non-cooperation
Amritsar Massacre
Satyagraha = truth
Mahatma = Great Soul
Salt March
Value of the media to civil disobedience
Dharasana Salt Works protest
Nationalism
Indian Independence Act = partition
Nehru = India = democracy
Jinnah = Pakistan = military influence
Mass migration – Punjab(Sikhs) = violence
Golden Temple
Formation of West and East Pakistan
Gandhi assassination
Bangladesh independence 1971
Maharajah Singh = Instrument of Accession
Kashmir = Muslim majority + Hindu control
U.N. ceasefire – Line of Control
India – nuclear weapon 1974
Pakistan – nuclear weapon 1998
Pakistan struggles - secular or religious?
Authoritarian regimes
Indian economic miracle
Outsourcing
Communications and software
Bollywood
SECTION 3: Latin America
Land bridge
Mayan - Mexico
Pyramid temples
Raised platforms
City-states
Gods-nature
Disease, taxes, rebellion, poor soil?
Aztec – Tenochtitlan
Montezuma
Warriors and tribute
Chinampas – floating islands
Quetzalcoatl – corn
Cortes defeats
legend + enemies
Incas – Macchu Picchu, Peru
Atahualpa
Children of the sun
Messengers with quipu
Laziness = treason
Carved terraces
Pizarro defeats
civil war - brothers
Pre-Colombian art
Spain v. Portugal
Treaty of Tordesillas
Conquistadores = God, Gold, Glory
Firearms, cannons, horses
Columbus – Indians?
Colombian Exchange – cultural diffusion
The Requirement
Balboa – Pacific Ocean
Magellan – circumnavigation
Cabral – Brazil for Portugal
Mercantilism – colonies for resources
Viceroys – Mexico and Peru
Haciendas
Cash crops
Encomienda = labor system
Las Casas = protested abusing natives
24 million dead
African slave trade
Farmers, immunity, tropical heat
Social classes
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizos
Mulattoes
Native Americans and slaves
Spanish destroyed native culture
Roman Catholic Church influence
France(Napoleon) v. Spain
Creoles become revolutionaries
Bolivar = Venezuela, Colombia, Peru
San Martin – Argentina, Chile
Mexico (Hidalgo, Moreles, Iturbide)
Independence gained – 1820s
Foreigners gained influence over economies
Banana republics
Strongman
Junta – rule by military officers
Paramilitary – armed and trained rebels
Human rights violations (disappeared)
Drug trafficking (cartel, mules)
Rainforest destruction
Illegal immigration
Banana republics
Urbanization
Cartel
Panama Canal returned 1999
Lack of investment capital
Socialist rebels = land reform
Brazil - BRIC
Extended families
Patriarchy
Machismo