Final Exam ReviewPhysicsSpring 2015

  1. What is the equation for velocity?
  2. In the graph below, what is the correct description of any location to the left of the zero?
  1. Define acceleration
  2. What is the formula for acceleration
  3. What are the units for acceleration
  4. If you know the acceleration of a car, its initial velocity, and the time interval, what can you predict?
  5. When a car’s velocity is positive and its acceleration is negative, what is happening to the car’s motion?
  1. The graph above describes the motion of a cyclist. The graph illustrates what about the the acceleration of the cyclist
  1. What does the graph above illustrate about acceleration?
  2. In the graph above, how does the acceleration at A compare with the acceleration at B?
  1. The graph above describes the motion of a ball. At what point is the velocity of the ball equal to its velocity at B?
  2. Acceleration due to gravity is also called ______
  3. Objects that are falling toward Earth in free fall move ______and ______
  4. Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum—a feather or a metal bolt?
  5. Which would fall with greater acceleration in a vacuum—a leaf or a stone?
  6. Which of the following is a physical quantity that has a magnitude but no direction?
  7. Vector
  8. Scalar
  9. Frame of reference
  10. Arby’s
  11. Identify the following quantities as scalar or vector: the mass of an object, the number of leaves on a tree, wind velocity.
  1. In the figure above, which diagram represents the vector subtraction C = A–B?
  2. Multiplying or dividing vectors by scalars results in ______
  3. A car travels down a road at a certain velocity, v-car. The driver slows down so that the car is traveling only half as fast as before. What is the correct expression (Formula) for the resulting velocity?
  4. An ant on a picnic table travels 3.0 ´ 10 cm eastward, then 25 cm northward, and finally 15 cm westward. What is the magnitude of the ant’s displacement relative to its original position?
  5. In a coordinate system, a vector is oriented at angle q with respect to the x-axis. The y component of the vector equals the vector’s magnitude multiplied by which trigonometric function?
  1. How many displacement vectors shown in the figure above have components that lie along the y-axis and are pointed in the –y direction?
  2. Which displacement vectors shown in the figure above have vertical components that are equal?
  3. Find the resultant of these two vectors: 2.00 ´ 10 units due east and 4.00 ´ 10 units 30.0° north of west.
  4. What do we call the motion of objects moving in two dimensions under the influence of gravity?
  5. Describe multiple examples of projectile motion.
  6. What is Physic?

The figure above shows the path of a ball tossed from a building. Air resistance is ignored.

  1. In the figure above, the magnitude of the ball’s velocity is least at location
  2. In the figure above, the magnitude of the ball’s velocity is greatest at location
  3. In the figure above, the horizontal component of the ball’s velocity at A is
  4. In the figure above, at which point is the ball’s speed about equal to the speed at which it was tossed?
  5. Which of the following is a coordinate system for specifying the precise location of objects in space?
  6. X-axis
  7. Y-axis
  8. Frame of reference
  1. A piece of chalk is dropped by a teacher walking at a speed of 1.5 m/s. From the teacher’s perspective, the chalk appears to fall ______
  2. What can cause an acceleration?
  3. What is a force?
  1. The free-body diagram shown above represents a car being pulled by a towing cable. In the diagram, the 5800 N force is______
  2. A crate is released on a frictionless plank inclined at angle q with respect to the horizontal. Describe what happens to the crate. (Assume that the x-axis is parallel to the surface of the incline.)
  3. A single force acts on an object. The components of this force act along the +x-axis and the –y-axis. The single force that will bring the object into equilibrium has components that act along the ______and ______
  4. What happens to an object as it falls toward the earth? (Not just one answer here)
  5. What are Newton’s Laws of motion?
  6. How many laws of motion did Newton define?
  7. If a nonzero net force is acting on an object, then the object is definitely ______
  8. In general, Fnet equals______
  9. A net force of 6.8 N accelerates a 31 kg scooter across a level parking lot. What is the magnitude of the scooter’s acceleration?
  10. An airplane with a mass of 1.20 x 104 kg tows a glider with a mass of 0.60 x 104 kg. If the airplane propellers provide a net forward thrust of 3.60 ´ 10 N, what is the acceleration of the glider? (Disregard friction.)
  11. A sled weighing 1.0 x 102 N is held in place on a frictionless 20.0° slope by a rope attached to a stake at the top. The rope is parallel to the slope. What is the normal force of the slope acting on the sled?
  12. There are six books in a stack, and each book weighs 5 N. The coefficient of static friction between the books is 0.2. With what horizontal force must one push to start sliding the top five books off the bottom one?
  13. What is the definition of work?
  14. What is the formula of work?
  15. When is work done?
  16. A child moving at constant velocity carries a 2 N ice-cream cone 1 m across a level surface. What is the net work done on the ice-cream cone?
  17. A worker does 25 J of work lifting a bucket, then sets the bucket back down in the same place. What is the total net work done on the bucket?
  18. A construction worker pushes a wheelbarrow 5.0 m with a horizontal force of 50.0 N. How much work is done by the worker on the wheelbarrow?
  19. A horizontal force of 200 N is applied to move a 55 kg television set across a 10 m level surface. What is the work done by the 200 N force on the television set?
  20. Define potential energy
  21. Define kinetic energy
  22. What is the formula for PE?
  23. What is the formula for KE?
  24. What are the units for a spring constant?
  25. What is the potential energy of a 1.0 kg mass 1.0 m above the ground?
  26. How much elastic potential energy is stored in a bungee cord with a spring constant of 10.0 N/m when the cord is stretched 2.00 m?
  27. Whatdo we call a rate at which work is done?
  28. What is the formula for power?
  29. What are the units of power?
  30. What is the average power supplied by a 60.0 kg person running up a flight of stairs a vertical distance of 4.0 m in 4.2 s?
  31. What is the formula of momentum?
  32. What is the average power supplied by a 60.0 kg person running up a flight of stairs a vertical distance of 4.0 m in 4.2 s?
  33. A roller coaster climbs up a hill at 4 m/s and then zips down the hill at 30 m/s. The momentum of the roller coaster does what?
  34. A rubber ball moving at a speed of 5 m/s hit a flat wall and returned to the thrower at 5 m/s. The magnitude of the momentum of the rubber ball
  35. A ball with a momentum of 4.0 kg·m/s hits a wall and bounces straight back without losing any kinetic energy. What is the change in the ball’s momentum?
  36. A 0.2 kg baseball is pitched with a velocity of 40 m/s and is then batted to the pitcher with a velocity of 60 m/s. What is the magnitude of change in the ball’s momentum?
  37. The impulse experienced by a body is equivalent to the body’s change in______
  38. A 0.4 kg baseball is pitched with a velocity of 35 m/s and is then batted to the pitcher with a velocity of 55 m/s. What is the magnitude of change in the ball’s momentum?
  39. A 20 kg shopping cart moving at a velocity of 0.5 m/s collides with a store wall and stops. The momentum of the shopping cart is?
  40. A soccer ball collides with another soccer ball at rest. What happens to the total momentum of the balls?
  41. Two skaters stand facing each other. One skater’s mass is 60 kg, and the other’s mass is 72 kg. If the skaters push away from each other without spinning, what will happen?
  42. What is the law of conservation of momentum?
  43. Two objects move separately after colliding, and both the total momentum and total kinetic energy remain constant. Identify the type of collision.
  44. Two objects stick together and move with a common velocity after colliding. Identify the type of collision.
  45. Two balls of dough collide and stick together. Identify the type of collision.
  46. In an inelastic collision between two objects with unequal masses,the momentum of one object will ______by the amount that the momentum of the other object ______.
  47. A billiard ball collides with a stationary identical billiard ball in an elastic head-on collision. After the collision, What happens to the first ball?
  48. A billiard ball collides with a second identical ball in an elastic head-on collision. What is the kinetic energy of the system after the collision compared with the kinetic energy before the collision?
  49. Describe a sound wave.
  50. Describe a transverse wave
  51. Describe a longitudinal wave
  52. The highness or lowness of a sound is perceived as______
  53. Pitch depends on the ____ of a sound wave.
  54. Sound waves travel fastest through which type of material?
  55. The distance between wave fronts of plane waves corresponds to ____ of a sound wave.
  56. A train moves down the track toward an observer. The sound from the train, as heard by the observer, is ____ the sound heard by a passenger on the train.
  57. If you are on a train, how will the pitch of the train’s whistle sound to you as the train moves?
  58. The intensity of a sound at any distance from the source is directly proportional to the sound’s
  59. Which of the following decibel levels is nearest to the value that you would expect for a running vacuum cleaner?
  60. 10dB
  61. 30dB
  62. 70dB
  63. 120dB
  64. When the frequency of a force applied to a system matches the natural frequency of vibration of the system, ____ occurs.
  65. For a standing wave in an air column in a pipe that is open at both ends, there must be at least
  66. one node and one antinode.c.two antinodes and one node.
  67. two nodes and one antinode.d.two nodes and two antinodes.
  68. When an air column vibrates in a pipe that is open at both ends,
  69. all harmonics are present.c.only odd harmonics are present.
  70. no harmonics are present.d.only even harmonics are present.
  71. If a guitar string has a fundamental frequency of 500 Hz, what is the frequency of its second harmonic?
  72. How many beats per second are heard when two vibrating tuning forks having frequencies of 216 Hz and 224 Hz are held side by side?