Fill in the Maps on Your Own

Global StudiesName

China Review

***FILL IN THE MAPS ON YOUR OWN****

Map

Label the following on the map using the appropriate number or letter.

Countries

A. China

B. Taiwan

C. N. Korea

D. S. Korea

E. Japan

F. Mongolia

G. Russia

Regions

I. North China

II. South China

III. Northeast (Manchuria)

IV. Tibet

Bodies of Water

1. East China Sea

2. Sea of Japan

3. South China Sea

4. Yellow Sea

5. Taiwan Strait

6. Chang

7. Huang

Deserts

AA. Gobi

BB. Taklimakan

Cities

a. Beijing

b. Shanghai

c. Hong Kong

Geography & General Information

Size in Relation to United States / About the same size
Capital City / Beijing
Description of Eastern Topography / Eastern 1/3 of the country is low-lying, fertile land. Region known as the heartland because food is grown and most of population lives there
Description of Western Topography / Mountains and desert; less population
Huang (Other Name) / Yellow River
Chang (Other Name) / Yangtze River
Total Population / Over 1 billion (approx. 1.2 billion)
Largest Ethnic Group / Han

Traditional China

Middle Kingdom / Term used by traditional Chinese dynasties to describe China- because they felt they were surrounded by less civilized people
Mandate of Heaven / The Chinese belief that heaven and the gods granted the ruler a right to rule; The Zhou dynasty first used this idea
Scholar Elite / Education allowed people to move up in society by passing imperial examinations and obtaining government positions
Gentry / Land owners
Peasants / Majority of the people who farmed the land; some owned plots of land; most were subsistence farmers

Religion/Philosophy

Confucianism (General Description) / Founded by Confucius; it is a code of behavior based on the superior-inferior relationships where the superior teaches the inferior and the inferior honors and obeys the superior. Emphasizes education
Filial Piety / Respect for parents and elders
Analects / Book of Confucius’ teachings
Taoism
(General Description) / Emphasized living in harmony with nature; its most recognizable symbol is the Yin/Yang which symbolizes balance
Lao Tzu / Most famous Taoist philosopher
Tao Te Ching / Writings of Taoism supposedly authored by Lao Tzu
Tao / “the way of nature”
Yin/Yang / Symbol of Taoism representing the balance of opposites
Ch’I / Cosmic energy; the energy in all living things
Buddhism
(General Description) / Religion that follows the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path; goal is to end suffering and reach Nirvana. It emphasizes living life following the Middle Way; its symbol is an eight-spokewheel
Siddhartha Gautama / Prince from ancient Nepal; he set out to find and end to suffering and as a result established Buddhism. Became the Buddha.
Four Noble Truths /

Everyone suffers
Wants and desires cause suffering
If you stop wanting, you will end suffering
To end wanting, you need to follow the eightfold path

Middle Way / Living life in the middle, avoiding extremes; according to Buddhism, if you live this way, you will not want anything and end suffering
Legalism
(General Description) / A philosophy that believes that people should be kept in line with strict rewards and punishments.

Dynasties

First Emperor’s Dynasty / Qin Dynasty; Shi Huangdi declared himself first emperor of China after uniting it
First Emperor’s Construction Projects / Built the First Great Wall.
Had terracotta soldiers that guarded his tomb
Golden Age Dynasties / Tang and Song (time of prosperity and peace)
Barbarian Invaders / Huns, Mongols, and Manchu
Name of Imperial Palace / The Forbidden City
Name and Origin of Last Dynasty / Qing (Manchu)
They invaded China from the north (Manchuria)

Last Dynasty

Opium War / British wanted to balance trade with China so it sold opium (an addictive drug) to China. When the Chinese destroyed the opium, Britain attacked
Treaty of Nanjing / First of the unequal treaties; ended the Opium War; China had to pay $ to Britain, give up Hong Kong; led to foreign countries to establish spheres of influence
Hong Kong / British gained control of Hong Kong after China lost the Opium War; it remained under British control until 1997
Spheres of Influence / Areas within a country where foreign countries have economic, political, or cultural control (NOT a colony)
Taiping Rebellion / Rebellion led by Hong Xiuquan who thought he was Jesus’ brother; took over 1/3 of China; 20 million died; crushed by Europeans; weakened China
Boxer Rebellion / Attempt to get foreigners out of China; secretly supported by Ci Xi; also crushed by Westerners; further weakened China
Ci Xi / A.K.A. Dowager Empress; ruled through son and nephew; opposed reforms that would have modernized China
Pu Yi / Last emperor of China; chosen by Ci Xi; lost position in Republican Revolution

Republican China

Republican Revolution / The emperor was overthrown and a constitution established a republic
Sun Yatsen / Leader of the Republican Revolution; physician; he is considered father of the Chinese republic
Sun’s 3 Principles of the People / 1. democracy 2. nationalism 3 livelihood (jobs)

Revolutionary China

Nationalists / Political party established by Sun Yatsen; battled Communists for control of China; lost and fled to Taiwan
Chiang Kai-shek / Leader of the Nationalists after Sun Yatsen
Communists / After years of chaos, warlords, and poor conditions for most of the people, established People’s Republic of China
Mao Zedong / Leader of the Communists
Long March / Communists fled attack by the Nationalists; Communists survived, regrouped and spread their ideas; inspirational story of birth of Communist China
Rape of Nanking / Horrible and violent attack by the Japanese on the Chinese city of Nanking during World War II
Karl Marx / German philosopher who created Marxism/Communism
Proletariat / The working class; according to Marx, the workers would rise up, overthrow the bourgeoisie, and create a classless society

China Under Mao

Totalitarian State / When the government has total control over the lives of the people.
This occurred in communist China
Propaganda / Information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc.
Great Leap Forward / Mao’s attempt to modernize China quickly; huge communes formed; steel made in backyard furnaces; this plan was a failure;many starved
Collectives & Communes / People farmed together to try to increase production; communes were huge with dormitories and communal kitchens
Cultural Revolution / Mao’s attempt to revitalize communist spirit and win power struggle against moderates/experts; it was a failure; many jailed or even killed
Red Guard / The youth that were involved in the Cultural Revolution

China After Mao

Deng Xiaoping / Moderate leader of China after Mao; opened China to foreign investment and made capitalist reforms
Tiananmen Square Uprising / Students organize a demonstration in the square to demand more democracy/freedom of speech; the government reacted violently