Maternity Benefit
Hong Kong / China / Japan / SingaporeType / Occupational benefit / Social Insurance / Social insurance / private insurance / Provident Fund (Medisave)
Contribution / Employer pays all / Insured: 2% of wage
Employer: average 6% of payroll
Government: subsidies as needed / (see NHI, EHI) / See Medisave
Eligibility / -- / -- / Members of the systems / Member or dependent of a member
Benefit / Medical care (nominal charge)
80% of wage for ten weeks / Medical services (co-payment)
100% of earnings payable by employer for up to 90 days / Medical services (full coverage)
60% of average daily wage for 42 days before (98 days if multiple birth) and 56 days after confinement. If in work, reduced payment. Lump sum birth grant: Y 300000 / Medical services (cost deducted from Medisave account, though the cost has been subsidised by government)
Maternity benefit: employer pays 100% of wages for up to 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after
South Korea / Taiwan / France / Germany
Type / Social insurance (medical care) / Social insurance (medical care) / Social insurance / Social insurance
Contribution / See NHI / Cash benefit (thru pension):
Insured: 1.3% (3.9% for self-employed)
Employer: 4.55%
Government: 0.65% (2.6% for self-employed)
Medical benefit:
Insured: varied (1.275 – 6.375%)
Employer: 2.55% (plus 2.44% for dependents)
Government: 0.425% and top up all deficit / Insured: 6.8% of total earning
Employer: 12.8% of payroll
Government: funded through taxation / (see sickness insurance)
Eligibility / Permanent residents / 280 days of contribution / 12 weeks of insurance
Benefit / Medical services (insured pays 20% of hospitalisation expense)
No cash benefits / Medical services: pay a percentage of the costs
Maternity grant: 1 month earning payable to insured woman / Medical services (some items required co-payment)
100% of net earning for 6 weeks before and 10 weeks after for 1st / 2nd child; 8 weeks before and 18 weeks for 3rd child; and longer for twins and triples
Max: 386.87 fr / day / Medical services (some items required co-payment)
100% of net earnings payable 6 weeks before and 8 weeks after confinement
Max: DM 25 per day
Lump sum of DM 150 payable per birth if insured not eligible for maternity benefit
United Kingdom / USA / Sweden / Netherland
Type / Social insurance / social assistance system / Social insurance / Social insurance (cash benefit) and universal medical system / Social insurance
Contribution / Insured: contribute through pension payments
Employer: through pension payments (pay for 8% of statutory maternity pay); paid by employer to women with average earnings of at least GBP 66 or more per week
Government: pay for 92% of statutory maternity pay, finance medical care and full cost of maternity allowance / Insured: 1.45% for hospitalisation and up to 1.2% for cash benefit
Employer: 1.45% for hospitalisation and variable amount for cash benefit in different states
Government: cost for the noninsured person / Insured: 1.55% for medical benefit and 10.25% of exceptional medical expense insurance; and partly paid through unemployment insurance (6.1%)
Employer: 5.85% of payroll, and partly through payment to unemployment insurance (4.0%)
Government: annual contribution
Eligibility / Statutory maternity pay: employed continuously for at least 26 weeks
Maternity allowance: all persons who are not eligible for statutory maternity pay / Medical services: insured person or eligible for Mediaid
Cash benefit: income with specific weeks of employment / Pregnancy cash benefit: for expectant woman employee in physically demanding job where employer is not able to transfer her to less demanding work.
Cash maternity benefit: each parent eligible for benefits above guaranteed level (1999 = 60kr/day) if insured at least 240 days before confinement / All employers / dependent of insured person
Benefit / Statutory maternity pay: 6 weeks at 90% of average earnings, then up to 12 weeks at GBP 59.55 / week
Maternity allowance: payable for up to 18 weeks, with the same rate if employed in 15th week before due date and GBP 51.70 a week if not or self-employed
Medical services: almost free except prescription / Cost paid by insurance plan, varied according to plans / Medical services (patient payment capped)
Cash maternity benefit: 80% of income loss for 360 days above guaranteed level, and 60 kr after; payable up to 450 days per child until child is age 8 (both parents combined)
Maternity cash benefit: 80% of income loss for 50 days
Temporary cash benefit: care of children under age 12 (age 16 if chronically ill or disabled), 80% of income loss, for 60 days per year (both parents combined) and additional 60 days per child for sickness / Medical services (paid by sickness fund)
100% of earning, up to max of 310 gd / day payable during pregnancy for 16 weeks, and extended to 52 weeks in case of disability caused by pregnancy / delivery; unemployed worker will also receive 100% of minimum wage (2350 gd / month) payable for 16 weeks
Family Allowance / Child Benefit
Hong Kong / China / Japan / SingaporeType / Social assistance / Not applicable / Occupational welfare / social assistance / Payable through public assistance scheme
Coverage / Mean tested through CSSA / -- / Residents with 1 or more children under age 3 / --
Contribution / Nil / -- / Insured: none
Employer: 70% of cost (about 0.11% of wage)
Government: central government pays 30%, prefecture: 5% and city / town: 5% / --
Eligibility / 1 year in residence, mean-tested / Income less than Y 3811000 in preceding year for family of four or special allowance for those income between this amount and Y 6206000 / --
Benefit / Reducing rate for increasing no. of child, special items on need basis / -- / Family allowance: 5000 yen / month for 1st / 2nd child; 10000 yen for the subsequent child / --
Others / Tax credit / --
South Korea / Taiwan / France / Germany
Type / Social assistance / -- / Universal / Universal
Coverage / -- / -- / Families living in France for at least 3 months / Residents subjected to income tax with 1 or more children
Contribution / -- / -- / Insured: none except self-employed or farmers
Employer: 5.4% of payroll
Government: through taxation / Insured: none
Employer: none
Government: full cost
Eligibility / -- / -- / Family allowance: at least 2 children age under 20, and earn less than 55% of minimum wage
Young child allowance: paid from 5 months of pregnancy until age 3, income-tested
Family supplement: 3 or more children under age 3, and earning below a ceiling
Accommodation allowance: at least one child, income-tested, for rent and mortgage
Single parent-allowance: income tested
Family support allowance: payable to parent raising child without the help of another parent, or a third person caring for the child
Adoption allowance: for 21 months to adoption family, income-tested
Parental education allowance:parent who quit jobs ire reduced paid to raise 2nd or subsequent child; employed 24 months during last 5 to 10 years preceding bith or adoption; paid until child reach age 3
Home child care allowance: covers person’s social security contribution
Accredited child care benefit: children under 6 and both parents working and cared by an accredited carer, include cash and social security payment
Special education allowance: for handicapped child
Beginning of school year allowance: children age from 6 to 18, income-tested / Child aged under 18 (under 21 if unemployed, 27 if students or trainee or if no training place available, no limit if disabled)
Benefit level for those child aged under 18 is related to income level
Benefit / -- / Family allowance: 684 fr for each of first 2 children; 876 fr / day for subsequent children; additional 192 fr for child between 10 and 16; 341 fr for children over 16
Young child allowance: 981 fr / family
Family supplement: 890 fr / month
Accommodation allowance: variable
Single parent-allowance: 3163 fr / month during pregnancy; 4217 fr for one child and 1054 for each additional child
Family support allowance: 641 fr or 481 fr (child raised by one parent)
Adoption allowance: 981 fr / month
Parental education allowance:3046 fr (full rate)
Home child care allowance &
Accredited child care benefit: 822 fr / month for child under 3; 411 fr / month for child aged 3 – 6
Special education allowance: 687 fr / month and additional amount if handicapped level needed
Beginning of school year allowance: 1,500 fr. / child / DM 250 / month for 1st / 2nd child; DM 300 for the 3rd child; DM 350 for each subsequent child (applied to child living overseas but cost reduced if living standard is lower than in Germany)
Others
United Kingdom / USA / Sweden / Netherland
Type / Universal system (child benefit)
Social assistance (family credit) / Federal system of cash benefit and social services to families with dependent children (mean tested) / Universal system / Universal
Coverage / Residents with 1 or more child / -- / Residents with 1 or more child / Residents with 1 or more child
Contribution / Government pay for whole cost / Government funded by taxation-- / Government pay for whole cost / Government: full cost
Eligibility / Child benefit: under 16 (19 if full time student), 26 weeks residence in UK in last 52 weeks.
Family Credit: income tested, responsible for one child under 16 (19 if full-time student), working at least 16 hours a week, saving less than GBP 8000.
Family credit gradually replaced by tax credit / -- / Child must be under age 16 (20 if student, 23 if attending special school for MR) / Child aged under 18
Benefit / Child benefit: GBP 14.4 / week and GBP 9.60 / for each other
Family credit: varied / -- / Family allowance: 750 kr / month / child; supplement to family with 3 or more children / Family allowance ranged from 321.92 gd / quarter for families with 1 child under 6 to 641.69 gd / quarter / child for families with 6 children between 12 and 17 years
Adjusted according to price change
Others / Tax credit to low income families
Norway: Maternity benefit may care the child and receive the same rate of maternity benefit, 4 weeks (out of a maximum of 52) of the total maternity cash benefit are reserved for the father as ‘Father Quota’.