Fall Semester Review

Anatomy and Physiology

Unit 1: Intro to Anatomy

  1. Anatomy is the study of the body’s ______, whereas physiology is the study of the body’s ______.
  2. List the hierarchy of an organism
  3. Ipsilateral
  4. Contralateral
  5. Know where the following body regions are
  6. Lumbar
  7. Gluteal
  8. Occipital
  9. Femoral
  10. Vertebral
  11. Brachial
  12. parietal vs. visceral
  13. proper anatomical position
  14. Know the body planes
  15. Frontal
  16. Sagittal
  17. Transverse
  18. Coronal
  19. Which two body cavities are separated by the diaphragm?
  20. The ability of an organism to react to stimuli is ______.
  21. List the four macromolecules and example of each.
  22. Protein Structure
  23. primary
  24. secondary
  25. tertiary
  26. quaternary
  27. All organic compounds contain ______.

Unit 2: Cytology

  1. ______provide the structural foundation for cell membranes.

  1. The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is a(n)

  1. Functions of the cell membrane

  1. The structure in white blood cells associated with the enzymatic breakdown of foreign material is the

  1. The major function of ribosomes is to synthesize
  2. The area of cytoplasm that coordinates the building and breaking of mictrotubules is called the
  3. The nucleolus is composed chiefly of
  4. In the cell membrane, the ______part of the phospholipid molecule is in the center of the phospholipids
  5. The presence of this substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily.
  6. The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the

  1. List the cell fibers in order from largest to smallest
  2. ______proteins are needed in facilitated diffusion in order to transport large polar molecules
  3. State whether the following are examples of passive or active transport

  1. Facilitated diffusion
  2. Osmosis
  3. Endocytosis
  4. Dialysis
  5. Phagocytosis
  1. A saline solution that contains a higher concentration of salt than a red blood cell would be
  2. Materials can be moved from areas of low concentration to high concentration via
  3. If a 35% glucose solution is separated from a 15% glucose solution by a semi-permeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, what would happen?
  4. The location on an enzyme where it binds to the substance it acts on is called the
  5. List facts about enzymes
  6. Identify the correct path for the formation of a protein as it travels through the cell

  1. Anabolism vs. catabolism
  2. Which type of cellular disease is a result of chloride ions not being pumped across the cell membrane and causes frequent lung infections?

Unit 3: Histology

  1. The study of tissues is referred to as
  2. Keloids effect this tissue
  3. Most widespread and abundant tissue
  4. Lines body cavities and protects body surfaces
  5. Tissue that has the best regeneration
  6. Type of cartilage found in intervertebral discs
  7. Type of cartilage present in outer ear
  8. most abundant cartilage
  9. _____ is the formation of blood cells.
  10. What epithelial function is a primary activity of glandular epithelium?
  11. List functions of epithelial tissue.
  12. Keratinized stratified squamos epithelium is found in the

  1. Oil-producing glands that self destruct in order to release their product are referred to as
  2. List functions of connective tissue.
  3. List functions of adipose tissue.
  4. What are neuroglia?
  5. The structural and functional unit of bone is a(n)
  6. All cartilaginous tissue has what type of cells

Unit 4: Integumentary System

  1. Prolonged exposure to the sun causes melanocytes to
  2. What tissue type primarily makes up the dermis?
  3. The layer of skin that lacks blood vessels

  1. What does your body need in order to absorb calcium?
  2. An accumulation of nerve endings that allow the skin to feel deep pressure and vibration are known as
  3. The dermal papillae are responsible for
  4. The body compensates for the increase in core body temperature by
  5. The order of epidermal layers from superficial to deep are
  6. What is the area of skin that receives “sub-Q” injections?
  7. Smooth muscles that produce goose bumps when they contract are the
  8. Hair growth is influenced by what factors?
  9. What skin accessory organ contains the most keratin?
  10. What are the ABCDsto detect skin cancer?
  11. Rule of Nines
  12. Gland that produces ear wax
  13. Gland that produces sweat with odor
  14. Gland that produces secretes sebum to lubricate hair
  15. acne is a result of an infection in this gland
  16. most common type of skin cancer
  17. least common and most deadly skin cancer
  18. Characteristics of each degree of burns
  19. Layer of epidermis that contains a eleiden
  20. Layer of epidermis that contains keratohyalin
  21. Layer of epidermis that gradually sheds through bathing
  22. Layer of epidermis that undergoes active mitosis
  23. Layer of epidermis closest to blood supply
  24. Layer of dermis that contains Meissner corpuscles
  25. Layer of dermis that contains collagen and elastin
  26. Skin disorder that has a bluish color caused by lack of oxygen
  27. Skin disorder that has redness due to heat, inflammation, fever, embarrassment
  28. Skin disorder where melanocytes do not produce any melanin
  29. Skin disorder that has blood accumulated under skin
  30. Fungal infection characterized with reddish discoloration, scaling, crusting
  31. Sores created by tissue damage due to lack of blood flow
  32. Cutaneous inflammation triggered by stress, trauma, or infection
  33. Contagious benign neoplasms
  34. Bacterial infection in children that could be life threatening.
  35. Red, itchy skin caused by allergens

Unit 5: Skeletal System

  1. Functions of the skeletal system
  2. What type of cartilage is found on the ends of long bones?
  3. What is the scientific name for a mature bone cell?
  4. In bone formation, the cells that produce the matrix are the
  5. The primary ossification center of a long bone is located ______and responsible for bone ______.
  6. Steps to heal a fracture
  7. ______ossification produces most of the skeletal system and forms bone from hyaline cartilage
  8. Bones of appendicular and axial skeleton
  9. Number of bones in appendicular and axial skeleton
  10. Which skull bone articulates with the first vertebrate?
  11. The layman’s name for the clavicle is the
  12. The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the
  13. A hunchback appearance of the thoracic region is likely due to
  14. Exaggerated lumber curve is due to what disorder?
  15. frontal bone classification
  16. vertebrate classification
  17. metatarsal classification
  18. carpal classification
  19. Type of marrow found everywhere in infants
  20. Type of marrow responsible for hematopoiesis
  21. Hormone that decreases the amount of blood calcium levels
  22. Hormone responsible for growth spurts and epiphyseal plate closure
  23. Hormone that is produced by the pituitary gland and promotes cell growth
  24. concentric rings of compact bone
  25. cavities that house osteocytes
  26. central canal of each osteon that houses blood vessels
  27. little canals that connect lamellae

Unit 6: Articulations

  1. The epiphyseal plate is made up of what cells?
  2. instrument that measures ROM
  3. Joint disorder where the articular surfaces not in proper contact
  4. Joint disorder that causes progressive crippling and deformity
  5. List all types of a fibrous joints

Matching

A. condyloid (ellipsoidal) B. hingeC. ball and socketD. pivotE. saddleAB. gliding

  1. Type of joint that has distal end of the radius articulating with the carpal bones
  2. Thumb is what type of joint
  3. Knee is what type of joint
  4. Humeroscapular joint is what type of joint

Matching

A. gomphosesB. biaxialC. symphysis D. suture E. syndesmosesAB. uniaxial

BC. synchrondosesCD. multiaxial

  1. distal end of the radius articulating with the carpal bones
  2. sprain causes damage to this type of joint
  3. joint between true ribs and body of sternum
  4. found only in the skull
  5. ball and socket joint

Type of Movement

  1. lifting the arms away from the midline
  2. increasing joint angle; kicking a football
  3. hands of waiter balancing a tray
  4. turning sole of foot inward
  5. opening your mouth
  6. bringing fingers together