Ms. CrandellName______
English 9Period ______
Fall Semester Final Exam *STUDY EDITION*
100 points
Part 1: Vocabulary from Fall Semester (this will be matching) (40 points)
analyze: to look closely at small parts to see how they affect the whole. Literary analysis focuses on how plot/structure, character, setting, and many other techniques are used by the author to create meaning.
argument: the main idea or point of view the author wants to convey to the reader. It may be a particular statement, fact, or example, and is developed through logic and reasoning.
assertion: something declared as part of an argument, often with no support, proof, or reasons given to back it up.
data: evidence gathered to support the claim.
ethos: the source's credibility and the speaker's/author's authority.
expository writing: a type of nonfiction writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform.
figurative language: describes something by comparing it to something else.
genre: a category of literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. Examples include poetry, plays, biographies, ethnographies, novels, and short stories.
logos: persuading by the use of reasoning and logic.
metaphor: saying one thing is another, in order to highlight the comparison.
pathos: appealing to the reader's emotions through vivid language, emotional language, and numerous sensory details.
persuasive writing: attempts to convince the reader that a point of view is valid or persuade the reader to take a specific action.
point of view: the perspective from which the story is told.
research: a detailed study of a subject, especially in order to discover information or reach a new understanding.
rhetoric: the art of speaking or writing effectively.
simile: saying one thing is like another, in order to highlight the comparison.
tone: the writer's attitude toward the material and/or readers. Tone may be playful, formal, intimate, angry, serious, ironic, outraged, baffled, tender, serene, depressed, etc.
voice: the personal tone of the author; the sense that a real person is speaking to you.
aside: A remark a character makes directly to the audience. These wordsare not "heard" by the other characters on stage during a play.--Also called “breaking the 4th wall.” Shakespeare often uses asides to tell the audience a plot twist that some of the characters don’t know yet.
blank verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter (Shakespeare’s favorite kind of verse form)
couplet: two lines of poetry that rhyme and complete one thought.
dramatic irony: when the reader knows what will happen but one or more characters do not.
foil: A character who parallels the main character, but is used to show contrast between the two characters. Examples from Romeo and Juliet: Paris and Romeo; Tybalt and Benvolio
foreshadowing: when the author includes words and phrases that give the reader a hint of something that will happen.
homonym: a word that is spelled and pronounced like another word but is different in meaning. Example: beam / beam
hyperbole: a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect.
iambic pentameter: consists of ten syllables, alternating unstressed and stressed syllables.
imagery: sensory details appealing to the five senses (taste, touch, smell, hearing, and sight)
irony: a difference between the appearance of things and reality, or when the opposite of what we expect happens.
meter: a rhythm of accented and unaccented syllables.
monologue: A long uninterrupted speech given by one character onstage to everyone. A long, dramatic speech delivered by one character. Ex: Prince Escalus addresses the crowd after the fight.
motif: A distinctive idea, image, word, or phrase that is repeated throughout the literary work.
personification: giving human attributes to something not human
soliloquy: A long speech in which a character, usually alone on stage, reveals thoughts and/or feelings and represents the character thinking aloud.No other characters are meant to overhear a soliloquy. Ex: Romeo talking about how beautiful Juliet is while hiding beneath her balcony.
sonnet: a poem with 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, with a rhyme scheme of ABAB, CDCD, EFEF, GG
symbol: a word, phrase, or object in a work of literature which signifies something beyond itself.
synonym: A word having the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.
theme: an idea or insight about life and human nature that gives meaning to the story.
thesis: A thesis statement is a specific claim that you follow with evidence. It must be arguable (reasonable people could disagree) and you must be able to prove your thesis with specific examples from the text.
tragedy: a type of drama in which characters experience a catastrophe, usually because of a tragic flaw (weakness of character) or inability to cope with adverse circumstances.
Part 2: Synthesis response (60 points): Construct a response to a prompt (the specific prompt will be on the exam).
Example prompt: What is the most important human quality?
Your response must use three warm-up quotations to support your answer.
Rubric Categories:
____/ 20 points thesis is strong, specific, and arguable. Challenge: create a 3-part thesis
____/ 20 points organization and use of three quotes from warm-up book
____/ 20 points ideas that explain how each quote relates to thesis
Sample response:
Aristotle claims, “Courage is the first of human qualities because it is the quality which guarantees the others.” In identifying the foremost human quality, Aristotle neglects a far more important quality, one that all the literary works of English 9 clearly show. Empathy for one’s fellow human beings is the first and foremost quality, because it allows one to respond generously, intuitively, and flexibly to each situation at hand.
When we are kind to others, they tend to respond with generosity of spirit. This is exemplified when Charles Dickens’ protagonist Pip reflects,“If I had been easier with Joe, Joe would have been easier with me”(Great Expectations, 172). Pip is all too aware of the vast differences in class and manners between himself and Joe, and he is ill at ease. This obvious judgmental attitude makes Joe uncomfortable and keeps both of them from being their best selves.
When we treat others with flexibility and with empathy we also become more aware of our own feelings and truths. As Chilean poet Pablo Neruda writes, “All paths lead to the same goal: to convey to others what we are.” This means that when we express empathy for someone else’s situation and emotions, we are conveying to others the very fact that their feelings are so important to us that we will share them.
All other qualities flow from the initial quality of empathy. Empathy is required first in order to have generosity, self-knowledge, and flexibility when interacting with others. Through the literary works of English 9, this foremost quality illuminates the characters, themes, and questions about humanity.