English 104/Winter 2014Assignment Sheet #5: Final Test Review

English 104/Winter 2014Assignment Sheet #5: Final Test Review

I will not be collecting this homework. We’ll go over it in class, and you can keep it to study for the final. If you have questions we didn’t answer in class, please ask me.

Due Monday, 3/17: Read Writers’ Choices, Ch. 18 (pp. 241-247). Do Sentence Combining #1-10 on pp. 247-248. Do “On Your Own” #1-4 on p. 249 (for each item, write only one sentence for a total of four sentences).

Due Tuesday, 3/18:Complete review questions #1-6 and #12-22.

Due Wednesday, 3/19: Complete review questions #7-11 and #23-31.

Due Thursday, 3/20: Complete the extra review questions at the end of this sheet.

Due Friday, 3/21: Complete question#1 at the very end of this sheet.Also, the Review Extra Credit Assignments (optional, and given separately) will be due today.

Tuesday 3/24, 10:30-12:30:Final Exam. You may use two pages of notes (must be handwritten by you!) and a dictionary (paper, not electronic). All phones will be collected at the beginning of the final and returned to you at the end.

Review Questions

Diagram:

1. To impress his girlfriend’s parents, Larry decided that he should try to discuss all the topics that they introduced in conversation.

2. After discussing politics, he felt very ignorant, but it was even more difficult for him to talk about the science special they had seen on television the night before.

3. Trying to act smart, Larry felt so shy that he ran out of the room while Mr. Bluet was philosophizing about the shape of the universe.

4. Mr. Bluet was saying that the shape of the universe can be more difficult to understandthan one’s own heart.

5. Dancing gives people a social experience and lets them exercise in a fun way.

6. If chosen by the committee, you will be notified by a registered letter which will tell you where to pick up your prize.

7. Football being very popular, buses on game nights are crowded with fans trying to get to the stadium without being stuck in traffic or paying for parking.

8. Upon hearing about the attack of the zombies, Burton decided that it would be wise to purchase some candles and a portable radio.

9. To obtain approval of higher tax rates, the President argued that they will mainly affect people earning annual incomes above one hundred thousand dollars.

10. During its first year, the zombie invasion was tolerable, but after that, it became clear that zombies and living people had extremely different ideas about how to build a society.

11. People who love language often find sentence diagramming fun; others consider it torture.

12. Prepositional phrases/adverbs (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 2): Do you know when to use a prepositional phrase to highlight something or to avoid an awkward series of adverbs? Combine: (a) People listened to the news about a possible hurricane. (b) The listening was anxious. (c) The anxiety was increasing.

13. Appositives (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 3): Are you able to put information in an appositive when that is most efficient? Combine: (a) Prozac has side effects that many people are not warned about. (b) Prozac is a widely prescribed anti-depressant.

14. Adjectives/appositive adjectives (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 3): Do you know when it might be desirable to place adjectives in an appositive position and when to leave them in standard position? Combine: (a) The wedding set a happy tone for the marriage. (b) The wedding was an outdoor wedding. (c) It was a simple wedding. (d) It was a tasteful wedding. (e) It was a high-spirited wedding.

15. S-LV-SC pattern (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 6): Do you know how to use this pattern to make a simple statement that something equals something else? Revise: Mt. Rainier has a quality of majesty on a cold, clear morning. Revise: Sam likes to tell lies.

16. S-TV-DO pattern (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 7): Do you know how to use a strong transitive verb to avoid unnecessary prepositional phrases and expletives? Rewrite: There is a strong preference in me for cookies in which there are nuts.

17. S-TV-IO-DO pattern (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 8): Do you know when it might be best to put something in an indirect object and when it might be best to put it in a prepositional phrase? Combine: (a) Alexis wrote a letter to the publisher. (b) She wrote a letter in which she complained bitterly about how few books by women are published and reviewed compared to the large percentage of published and reviewed books by men.

18. S-TV-DO-OC pattern. (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 9): Do you know how to choose a verb that can link a direct object and an object complement? Do you know when it might be desirable to move the object complement from its normal position and place it before the direct object? Combine: (a) Some people have an opinion about shopping malls. (b) The opinion is that shopping malls are depressing in their sameness. Combine: (a) The courts made a declaration about the agreement among major cable TV companies to raise their rates for the second time in one year. (b) The declaration was that this was illegal.

19. Passive voice (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 10): Can you use passive voice to improve coherence between two sentences? Rewrite sentence b to create coherence with sentence a: (a) A Harvard Medical School study demonstrated that eating a lot of tomato products reduces one’s chances of getting prostate cancer. (b) Manufacturers of spaghetti sauce welcomed the study.

20. Adverb clauses (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 11): Do you know how to punctuate adverb clauses depending on where they occur in a sentence -- beginning, middle, or end? Do you know how to position an adverb clause in the middle of a sentence so as to place it as close as possible to a word or idea it modifies? Do you know how to use elliptical clauses that don’t dangle (p. 128)? Combine: (a) Edna is so afraid of flying that she needs special sessions with a therapist and a hypnotist. (b) She needs these when she absolutely has to fly. Combine: (a) I saw an accident. (b) I was driving to work at the time.

21. Relative clauses (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 12): Do you know how to put information into a relative clause that could interrupt the flow of a paragraph if it were in a separate sentence? Do you know how to determine if a relative clause is restrictive or nonrestrictive, and how to punctuate it? Combine (place focus on starred sentence): *(a) Michael Jackson was very popular in the 1980s. (b) Michael Jackson wrote many award-winning songs.

22. Noun clauses (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 13): Do you know when to use a noun clause in its normal position (as subject, say, or direct object) and when to use it as a delayed subject or direct object? Combine: (a) You refuse to apologize. (b) This is frustrating. Combine: (a) A little-noticed part of a new law has permitted logging to resume in old-growth forests in Oregon. (b) This is a terrible development.

23. Gerund phrases (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 14): Do you know how to use gerunds in making general observations about actions or states of being? Combine: (a) Someone starts a war. (b) This is easier than for someone to end it. Combine: (a) Priscilla talked to her roommate about her troubles. (b) After this, she felt better.

24. Participle phrases (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 15): Do you know how to use participle phrases to add details to a sentence? Do you know how to make sure a participle phrase doesn’t dangle? Combine: (a) Brian, with his usual attention to detail, baked a cake. (b) He used high-quality chocolate. (c) He added a drop of the best vanilla extract. Combine: (a) Joe was alarmed by the sound of footsteps downstairs. (b) He immediately called 911.

25. Infinitive phrases (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 16): Do you know how to use infinitive phrases to tighten the syntax and focus of a sentence? Do you know how to place adverb infinitive phrases for maximum emphasis? Revise: “We hope that notifying you will be possible by next week.” Combine: (a) He wrote her letters. (b) He sent her gifts. (c) He spent hours fixing her car. (d) His aim was that he would win her heart.

26. Nominative absolutes (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 17): Do you know how to use nominative absolutes to “zoom in” on a detail? Do you know how to use them to show a time or causal relation? Combine: (a) The boxer climbed out of the ring. (b) His right eye was blue and swollen. (c) His lip was puffed up. Combine: (a) Julie’s hands were shaking. (b) Julie spilled her coffee. Which of these nominative absolutes shows detail and which shows cause?

27. Coordination, parallelism, and balance (Writers’ Choices, Ch. 18): Can you construct sentences in which elements are coordinated and made parallel? Can you properly use coordinate correlative conjunctions such as both. . . and and not only. . . but also? (a) Complete the following sentence with a structure that parallels the ones already in the sentence: “Felix promised that he would stop coming late to work, that he would start being more polite to his co-workers, ______.” (b) Complete the following with a coordinate structure: “Felix not only used to come to work late ______.”

28. Compound elements: Can you distinguish between sentences that contain compound elements (compound subject, compound verb, etc.) and compound sentences? Do you know how to punctuate each kind of sentence? In the following sentences, a short blank indicates a point of coordination; decide whether a comma, a semicolon or period, or nothing is required at that point: (a) The Republicans keep telling the President he should cut spending even more ___ but do not tell him where he should cut it. (b) When I had a lot of money, I thought I had many friends ___ but when I became poor, I discovered who my real friends were. (c) Some people think ancient bones near the Columbia River should belong to the Indians who live in that region ___ others believe the bones may pre-date the Indians and should be scientifically analyzed.

29. Please fill in the blanks below with sentence structures that are coordinated, parallel, or balanced with other structures in the sentence:

(a) When studying, I like to be alone;______.

(b) Either you will start showing some respect ______.

(c) Both teachers and ______are curious about the revised SAT test.

(d) Darwin’s theory of evolution earned him the respect of many scientists, the jealousy of his competitors, ______.

(e) Love me or ______.

30. If a sentence contains a dangling modifier, rewrite it correctly. It if is correct, write “C” in the space.

(a) Impressed by the violinist’s ability, a special scholarship was awarded to her by the judges.

(b) Understanding that chocolate is essential to happiness, Zubin bought a year’s supply.

(c) Knowing that a birthday present from her far-away mother awaited her, the girl’s steps quickened as she approached her dorm.

(d) Running across the “Finish” line yards ahead of the other runners, loud cheering greeted Floris.

31. Some of the sentences below contain participle phrases; some contain relative clauses. Some of the phrases or clauses are nonrestrictive and should be set off by commas and some are restrictive and should not be set off by commas. Write “nonrestrictive” or “restrictive” next to each sentence; add commas to the sentences with nonrestrictive clauses or phrases.

(a) Camels which have two humps are more comfortable to ride than camels with only one.

(b) The State of Washington which borders the Pacific usually gets mild weather.

(c) Some people feel that everybody who lives in the United States should have health insurance.

(d) My oldest brother who is a doctoragrees with this point of view.

(e) A mother carrying a baby and two bags of groceries has a harder time on the bus than a businessman carrying a smartphone.

(f) Global warming once considered a distant possibility has now become a real danger for everyone who lives on earth.

Additional Review Material (for Thursday, March 20 )

Diagram:

1. It is very hard to imagine any concept of manliness that does not belittle women, and it begins very early. (Paul Theroux, from “Being a Man”)

1. Most people think that the principal problem is that writers are too proud of what they have written. (Donald M. Murray, from “The Maker’s Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscript”)

1. Behind the newspaper Julian was withdrawing into the inner compartment of his mind where he spent most of his time. (Flannery O’Connor, from “Everything That Rises Must Converge”)

1. He was standing at the gate, his peaked cap pushed back on his head and his hair tumbled forward over a face of bronze. (James Joyce, from “Eveline”)

Follow the instructions carefully for each item below:

1. Combine the following two sentences by reducing one to a relative clause. Keep the focus on the sentence with an asterisk (*). Punctuate carefully. *(a) Students were given extra credit. (b) The students painted the comma out of the sign in the wetland.

1. Compose a sentence containing a participle phrase. Use the past participle.

1. Compose a sentence in which two independent clauses with compound subjects or compound direct objectsare joined by a semi-colon.

1. Compose a sentence containing a series of adverb clauses. Use the same subordinating conjuction for each adverb clause.

1. Compose a sentence with a noun clause as a delayed subject.

1. Compose a sentence with an elliptical adverb clause.

1. Compose a sentence with a nominative absolute phrase that shows detail.

1. Rewrite the sentence below, incorporating the following adjectives to modify “student”: young, studious, motivated, chemistry. Place the adjectives in normal and/or appositive positions:

The student earned a 4.0 in the class.

1. If a sentence contains a dangling modifier, rewrite it correctly. If it is correct, write “C” in the space.

(a) Having finished the difficult crossword puzzle, the morning coffee break was over.

(b)Surprised by the bitterness of the fruit, the grapefruit was left on the plate.

Question for Friday, March 21

Also: Review Extra Credit assignment/s due today

1. What are you going to put on your pages of notes for the final? Make a list of what you plan to include in your notes.