ENERGY SECTOR RECOVERY PROJECT, CR. 3958-KE
ADDITIONAL FINANCING
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
March 12, 2008
I.Introduction
1.0This Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been updated based on the Environmental Management Plan contained in the “Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study” dated February 2004, taking into account KPLC’s operational experience. This study was prepared for the Distribution Reinforcement and Upgrade Component of the ongoing Energy Sector Recovery Project.
1.1Part of the additional financing will go to cover the financing gap encountered under the ongoing project. The planned investments will include construction of new/rehabilitation of sub-stations as well as distribution power lines of various voltage levels and, and will be implemented in (a) Nairobi Area, (b) Western Area, (c) Coastal Area, and (d) Mt. Kenya Area.
1.2In addition, the additional financing will be available for similar activities under Group Settlement Electrification Schemes. These schemes are being designed and implemented in the spirit of “UMEME PAMOJA” – “Electricity Together” where groups of individuals living in the same neighborhood request electricity connections jointly, with assistance from KPLC.
1.3Since the above activities will be carried out in the same project areas and are similar to those assessed in the above Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Study, it was determined that the results of the existing ESIA study are still relevant, and thus required only an update of the ESIA study’s Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The updated ESMP will be used in conjunction with the original ESIA Study.
II. Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
2.0The purpose of this updated Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) is to assist contractors and KPLC personnel in the management of the environmental and social aspects of the planned investments under the Additional Financing Operation. It outlines the institutional responsibilities for the implementation and monitoring of mitigation measures and includes cost estimates and time horizons related to the implementation of these measures. The ESMP will be included in the Project Implementation Manual.
2.1In the sections below, the ESMP discusses the potential adverse environmental and social impacts of KPLC’s planned construction and rehabilitation activities as well as recommended mitigation and monitoring measures.
III.Potential Adverse Environmental and Social Impacts
3.1Since the above ESIA Study discusses the potential adverse environmental and social impacts in great detail, it suffices here to note that the main adverse environmental impacts include loss of vegetation, soil erosion, loss of livelihoods, loss of land, noise and dust generated during construction, and electric power outages that may be inconvenient to customers or surrounding businesses. Relevant mitigation and monitoring measures are included in the ESMP. An Environmental and Social Screening Process outlined below was used to identify and assess potential adverse environmental and social impacts.
3.2As regards the Group Settlement Schemes, adverse environmental and social impacts are expected to be non-existent or very minimal because these are newly planned neighborhoods with appropriate layouts for the construction of distribution lines, and, when the time comes, connections to water supply systems and sewage pipes.
3.3However, given the large number of Group Settlement Schemes to be electrified, one cannot be sure whether there will be potential localized adverse impacts or not. Therefore, this ESMP includes an Environmental and Social Screening Process which will be implemented by qualified KPLC personnel.
3.4To identify potential adverse environmental and social impacts, anEnvironmental and Social Screening Form (Annex 2) willbe used. The screening results indicate that the investment requires (i) the implementation of simple mitigation measures and (ii) no additional environmental work is needed because no adverse environmental and social impacts were identified.
3.5Based on the screening results, the appropriate environmental category (A, B, C, FI) will be assigned based on the Bank’s OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment. These categories are defined as follows:
Category A: A proposed project is classified as Category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. EA for a Category A project examines the project's potential negative and positive environmental impacts, compares them with those of feasible alternatives (including the "without project" situation), and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance. For a Category A project, the borrower is responsible for preparing a report, normally an EIA (or a suitably comprehensive or sectoral EA) that includes as necessary, elements of other instruments such as environmental audits or hazard or risk assessments.
Category B: A proposed project is classified as Category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts on human populations or environmentally important areas - including wetlands, forests, grasslands, and other natural habitats - are less adverse than those of Category A projects. These impacts are site-specific; few if any of them are irreversible; and in most cases mitigatory measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. The scope of EA for a Category B project may vary from project to project, but it is narrower than that of Category A EA. Like Category A EA, it examines the project's potential negative and positive environmental impacts and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance.
Category C: A proposed project is classified as Category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. Beyond screening, no further EA action is required for a Category C project.
Category FI:A proposed project is classified as Category FI if it involves investment of Bank funds through a financial intermediary, in subprojects that might result in adverse environmental impacts. This category will not apply to the proposed operation.
NOTE: The Energy Sector Recovery Project as well as the Additional Financing Operation have been classified as category B projects as per OP 4.01. Therefore, the additional financing operation cannot fund any sub-projects that have been assigned the environmental category A; these would either have to be redesigned and re-screened, or, abandoned.
IV.Implementation of Mitigation Measures
4.1As indicated in the above ESIA study, most mitigation measures will involve the supervision of activities and site visits, follow-up visits after construction as required, and monitoring of the implementation of Environmental Guidelines for Contractors (Annex 6). These guidelines will be attached to the contract documents. KPLC’s Supervision Engineer will monitor their implementation.
4.2As regards the implementation of mitigation measures under the distribution component and in the Group Settlement Schemes, KPLC will use the Environmental and Social Checklist (Annex 3) as appropriate. The mitigation measures will be applied in cases where the screening results recommend the environmental category B1.
4.3In the event that the screening results recommend the environmental category B2 because the circumstances of the project are somewhat complex, the project will carry out a separate EIA study, according to Kenyan environmental law. The Generic EA Terms of Reference (Annex 4) will assist personnel in the preparation of terms of reference, with support from NEMA as necessary. Copies of the EA reports will be sent to NEMA and the Bank for review and approval.
4.4A Summary of the Bank’s Safeguard Policies (Annex 5) has been attached to ensure that future investments take these policies into account. For example, any investments in or near protected areas will require a separate EIA study and the implementation of mitigation measures as per EIA recommendations. Alternatively, the investment can be made in another location or be abandoned.
V.The Impacts of the Mitigation Measures
5.1The impacts of the mitigation measures will be positive, as they are designed to prevent possible adverse environmental and social impacts such as soil erosion or loss of livelihoods.
5.2Potential negative impacts of the mitigation measures such as dust and noise during construction will be mitigated
VI.Monitoring
KPLC has put in place an institutional arrangement solely responsible for environmental issues in both planning and project implementation for the present and future project.
VII. Strengthening Environmental and Social Management Capacity
7.1To ensure that the ESMP is implemented efficiently, the Additional Financing Operation will provide funding for the environmental training for relevant KPLC staff.
7.2Training topics will include (i) the application of the environmental and social screening process; (ii) the preparation of EA terms of reference; (iii) the preparation and implementation of Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs), Resettlement Action Plan ( RAP) and the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF); (iv) an overview of Kenyan environmental policies, laws, regulatory and administrative frameworks; (v) an overview of the Bank’s safeguard policies, including its Disclosure Policy; and (vi) an overview of Kenya’s environmental challenges.
Annex 1
ESMP Summary Table
Project Activities / Potential Environmental & Social Impacts / Proposed Mitigation Measures / Responsibility for implementing mitigation measures / Responsibility for Monitoring implementation of mitigation measures / Time Horizon / Cost Estimates (US$)Nairobi Area
Construction of new substations;
Rehabilitation of existing substations / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion, Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractors.
KPLC – PIT.
KPLC – PIT. / KPLC-PIT NCC Physical Planning Dept. / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction works / Incl. in Contract
None
KES. 22.57M
Construction of new power lines
Rehabilitation of existing power lines / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion, Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractors.
KPLC – PIT.
KPLC – PIT. / KPLC-PIT NCC Physical Planning Dept. / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction begins / Incl. in Contract
None.
KES
1.55M
Western Area
Construction of new substations
Rehabilitation of existing substations / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion.
Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractor
KPLC – PIT
KPLC – PIT / KPLC-PIT, Local Authority Physical Planning Dept. / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction begins / Incl. in Contract
None
KES. 1.21M
Construction of new power lines
Rehabilitation of existing power lines / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion, Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractor
KPLC – PIT
KPLC – PIT / KPLC-PIT / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction begins / Nil
Coastal Area
Construction of new substations
Rehabilitation of existing substations / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion.
Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractors.
KPLC – PIT.
KPLC – PIT / KPLC-PIT & Local Authority Physical Planning Dept. / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction works / KES. 6.9M
Construction of new power lines
Rehabilitation of existing power lines / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion, Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractor
KPLC – PIT
KPLC – PIT / KPLC-PIT / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction begins / Nil
Mt.Kenya
Construction of new power lines
Rehabilitation of existing power lines / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion, Construction waste
Interruption of services
Loss of livelihoods and/or land / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
Inform public of planned works
Implement RPF / Contractor
KPLC – PIT
KPLC – PIT / KPLC-PIT / Ongoing
Ongoing
Before construction begins / Nil
Group Settlement Schemes
Construction of new distribution power lines to reach residential houses / Loss of vegetation, noise, dust, soil erosion / Apply Environmental Guidelines for Contractors / Contractor / KPLC-PIT / Ongoing / Nil
TOTAL COST / KES. 32.23M (US$ 520,000).
Note: The costs include that used to purchase land for the new substations and the estimated costs for payment for structures, trees and crops as detailed in the RAP.
Annex 2
Environmental and Social Screening Form
Energy Sector Recovery Project
Additional Financing
Introduction
This form is a tool to standardise the environmental and social screening process of projects / project areas in each sub-component of the Energy Sector Recovery Project (Additional Financing).
The main objective of the screening process is to identify and highlight environmental and social issues that need to be taken into account in further decisions, planning, and design of a project. The aim is to support the sustainable implementation of the planned investments under the above project.
The screening must be carried out at an early stage of the project (i.e., pre-feasibility), in accordance with the requirement for World Bank financed projects.
The proponent must complete each section of this form, as outlined below.
Proponent and Project Identification:
Name of Project:
Project Proponent (Company / Institution): Kenya Power and Lighting and Company
Contact person (Proponent):
Name: StanleyMutwiri
Phone:254 20 3201174
E-mail:
Responsible Consultant Company and the name of the person completing this form:
Company:
Name:
Phone:
E-mail:
Locality and date： Nairobi
SignatureSignature
(Proponent)(Responsible Consultant / Person)
1The Screening Form
The questions regarding this form or the procedure may be sent to:
Kenya Power Lighting and Company
Irene Wahogo - Maina
Phone: 3201490
E-mail: imaina @kplc.co.ke
2Project Description
2.1Name and Type of Project:
2.2Expected start and end date (month/year) and project duration (in months) of the construction phase:
2.3List the technology and machinery to be used in the construction and operation phases:.
2.4List the materials to be used during the construction and operation phases (e.g., infrastructure, fuels and oils, chemicals, herbicides, tar, paints):
2.5Expected number of workers during construction and during operation:
2.6Maps (in Annexes):
2.6.1 Provide a map with the geographical location of the project;
2.6.2 Provide an appropriately-scaled map clearly showing:
The project area with existing buildings, infrastructure, vegetation, and land use;
The project area with any planned construction, plants, lines, or access roads.
2.7Is the project area or its immediate surroundings subject to pollution or environmental damage caused by other (existing) activities?
2.8Is there any other infrastructure in or close to the project area?
Provide an additional description for “yes” answers:
The Biological Environment
3The Natural Environment
3.1Describe the habitats and flora and fauna in the project area and in the entire area expected to be affected by the project (e.g., downstream areas, access roads)
3.2Will the project directly or indirectly affect:
3.2.1 Natural forest types?
3.2.2 Mangroves or swamps?
3.2.3 Wetlands (i.e., lakes, rivers, swamps, seasonally inundated areas)?
3.2.4 Other habitats of threatened species that require protection under Kenyan laws and/or international agreements?
3.3Are there according to background research / observations any threatened / endemic species in the project area that could be affected by the project?
3.4Will vegetation be cleared?
3.5Will there be any potential risk of habitat fragmentation due to the clearing activities?
3.6Will the project lead to a change in access, leading to an increase in the risk of depleting biodiversity resources?
3.7Will the proposed project activity trigger OP 4.04 Natural Habitats?
Provide an additional description for “yes” answers:
4Protected Areas
Does the project area or do project activities:
4.1Occur within or adjacent to any designated protected areas?
4.2Affect any protected area downstream of the project?
4.3Affect any ecological corridors used by migratory or nomadic species located between any protected areas or between important natural habitats (protected or not) (e.g., mammals or birds)?
4.4Will the proposed project activity trigger OP 4.04 Natural Habitats?
Provide an additional description for “yes” answers:
5Invasive Species
5.1Is the project likely to result in the dispersion of or increase in the population of invasive plants or animals (e.g., along distribution lines or as a result of a dam)?
Provide an additional description for a “yes” answer:
The Physical Environment
6River Systems
Will the project affect / change:
6.1Water quantity?
6.2 Water quality (i.e., through sedimentation, chemical pollution)?
6.3 River stream pattern?
6.4 Seasonal flow variations?
6.5 Flooding regime?
6.6 River ecology?
6.7 Aquatic habitats?
Provide an additional description for “yes” answers:
7Geology / Soils
7.1Will vegetation be removed and any surface left bare?
7.2Will slope or soil stability be affected by the project?
7.3Will the project cause physical changes in the project area (e.g., changes to the topography)?
7.4Will local resources, such as rocks, sand, gravel, or groundwater be used?
7.5Could the project potentially cause an increase in soil salinity in or downstream the project area?
7.6Could the soil exposed due to the project potentially lead to an increase in lixiviation of metals, clay sediments, or organic materials?
Provide an additional description for “yes” answers:
8Landscape / Aesthetics
8.1Is there a possibility that the project will adversely affect the aesthetics of the landscape?
Provide an additional description for a “yes” answer:
9Pollution
9.1Will the project use or store dangerous substances (e.g., large quantities of hydrocarbons)?
9.2Will the project produce harmful substances?
9.3Will the project produce solid or liquid wastes?
9.4Will the project cause air pollution?
9.5Will the project generate noise?
9.6Will the project generate electromagnetic emissions?
9.7Will the project release pollutants into the environment?
Provide an additional description for a “yes” answer: