THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

A ______is any organ______.

Endocrine glands are groups of tissues ______from materials already present in the blood or lymph.

Hormones act as ______. They coordinate and directactivities of target cells and organs throughout the body.

Negative Feedback

A mechanism that regulates homeostasis within the body. A drop in the level of a hormone will trigger a cascade of events that will result in an increase of that hormone. The opposite can also occur, too much of a hormone will send a signal to stop or decrease the production of that hormone.

The Pituitary Gland

Divided into ______and ______lobes.

Known as the ______because of its major influence in body’s activities

The Anterior Pituitary Lobe

1. Growth Hormone (_____)

Is responsible for ______and ______of ______and ______.

Also helps ______to be used for energy; this ______.

2. Prolactin hormone (_____)

______and stimulates the production of ______after childbirth. The function in males is ______.

3. Thyroid stimulating hormone (_____)

Stimulates the ______and secretion of the ______

4. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (______)

Stimulates the ______and secretion of the ______

The Posterior Pituitary Lobe:

______2 hormones madeby the ______:

1. Oxytocin

Released during ______.

Causes strong ______of the ______.

2. Vasopressin

Changes into ______hormone (ADH) as soon as it enters the bloodstream.

Maintains a ______by increasing the amount of water that is absorbed by the kidneys.

Results in ______output and ______volume.

Thyroid Gland

Secretes 3 hormones:

1.Triiodothyronine (T3)
  1. Thyroxine (T4)
  1. Calcitonin

These hormones are produced when thyroid stimulating hormone triggers the thyroid to become active.

1. and 2. The first 2 hormones (T3 and T4)______to work properly.

The iodine for these hormones comes ______it combines with the amino acid

______to form T3 and T4

T 3 and T4 control the rate of ______throughout the body.

3. Calcitonincontrols the ______in the bloodstream.

______levels of calcium ions in the blood stimulate the ______of calcitonin.

Calcium is then stored in ______and calcium concentrations in the blood stream ______

Parathyroid Glands

Secretes a hormone called ______(PTH).

Extracts calcium from bones to ______levels.

The hormone causes an increase in number and size of ______(bone-demineralizing cells) which ______from the bones.

Thymus

The major hormone is ______

Stimulates the lymphoid cells which are responsible for the production of ______an important part of the ______.

Adrenal Glands

Epinephrine (adrenalin)

Released in response to ______.

______the ______and helps the ______

______for energy needs.

Considered the “fight or flight” hormone

Gonads(sex organs)

  1. Ovaries – the ______sex organs, found at the end of each Fallopian tube; produces: estrogen for ______and progesteronewhich prepares the ______for implantation.
  1. Testes –the ______sex organ; found in the scrotum sac; produces:testosteronefor ______.
Pancreas
Pancreas as an endocrine gland produces:
1.insulin - a hormone that promotes the ______by cells
2.glucagon - a hormone that causes the liver to ______and release it as glucose into the bloodstream

Pineal Gland

Produces the hormone ______

Amount of light entering the eye affects the amount of melatonin secreted

The ______it is, the ______produced. The ______it is, the ______produced.

Causes low body temperature & ______.