Effectiveness of a Short Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition Training Program in Adults

Effectiveness of a short audio-visual emotion recognition training program in adults

Supplementary Material

Table of Contents

Study 3

Table S1: Unbiased Hit Rates and Sum Scores on the GERT-S by Emotion in Study 3, Session 1

Table S2: Descriptive Statistics and Unbiased Hit Rates by Emotion for the DANVA Voice and the ERI Face in Study 3, Session 1

Table S3: Confusion Matrix for GERT-S (Session1), Study 3, Cloud Training Condition

Table S4: Confusion Matrix for GERT-S (Session 1), Study 3, ERA Training Condition

Table S5: Difference Confusion Matrix (Table S3 Subtracted from Table S4) for Study 3

Table S6: Confusion Matrices for DANVA Voice in Study 3

Table S7: Confusion Matrices for ERI Face in Study 3

Table S8: Zero-order Correlations between Variables in Study 3

Study 4

Table S9: Unbiased Hit Rates and Sum Scores for the 14 Emotions on the GERT-S in Study 4

Table S10: Unbiased Hit Rates and Mean Scores for the DANVA Voice and ERI Face in Study 4

Table S11: Confusion Matrix for GERT-S, Study 4, Cloud Training Condition

Table S12: Confusion Matrix for GERT-S, Study 4, ERA Training Condition

Table S13: Difference Confusion Matrix (Table S11 Subtracted from Table S12) for Study 4

Table S14: Confusion Matrices for DANVA Voice in Study 4

Table S15: Confusion Matrices for ERI Face in Study 4

Table S16: Zero-order Correlations between Variables in Study 4

Table S1

Unbiased Hit Rates and Sum Scores on the GERT-S by Emotionin Study 3, Session 1

Cloud training / ERA training
GERT-S unbiased hit rates (Hu) / Mean / SD / Mean / SD
anxiety / 0.89*** / 0.65 / 1.30*** / 0.77
disgust / 1.62*** / 0.76 / 2.43*** / 0.79
pleasure / 2.05*** / 0.76 / 2.59*** / 0.61
anger / 2.19*** / 0.83 / 2.75*** / 0.61
irritation / 1.58* / 0.75 / 1.89* / 0.86
fear / 0.99*** / 0.68 / 1.71*** / 0.91
sadness / 1.33*** / 0.70 / 1.80*** / 0.75
joy / 1.71*** / 0.73 / 2.38*** / 0.82
despair / 1.19*** / 0.80 / 1.96*** / 0.82
pride / 1.36*** / 0.90 / 2.48*** / 0.84
surprise / 1.21 / 0.58 / 1.38 / 0.72
amusement / 1.80*** / 0.77 / 2.35*** / 0.73
relief / 2.08 / 0.82 / 2.32 / 0.83
interest / 1.77 / 0.70 / 1.90 / 0.56
GERT-S scores (sum of correct responses)
amusement / 2.33** / 0.85 / 2.71** / 0.58
anger / 2.54*** / 0.75 / 2.88*** / 0.40
disgust / 1.81*** / 0.81 / 2.43*** / 0.70
despair / 1.58*** / 1.02 / 2.21*** / 0.77
pride / 1.35*** / 0.95 / 2.49*** / 0.79
anxiety / 1.15** / 0.81 / 1.56** / 0.97
interest / 2.36** / 0.75 / 2.70** / 0.54
irritation / 2.15 / 0.91 / 2.22 / 0.80
joy / 2.19** / 0.81 / 2.57** / 0.67
fear / 1.45*** / 0.99 / 2.09*** / 0.96
pleasure / 2.49*** / 0.70 / 2.93*** / 0.26
relief / 2.35 / 0.75 / 2.37 / 0.76
surprise / 1.49 / 0.75 / 1.62 / 0.83
sadness / 1.85** / 0.84 / 2.23** / 0.81
Combined scores
Hu positive emotions / 0.58*** / 0.17 / 0.75*** / 0.16
Hu negative emotions / 0.43*** / 0.14 / 0.62*** / 0.18
mean score positive emotions / 2.18*** / 0.41 / 2.63*** / 0.31
mean score negative emotions / 1.79*** / 0.40 / 2.23*** / 0.40

Note. Unbiased hit rates were arcsine transformed. Asterisks denote significant differences between the two groups, *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.

Table S2

Descriptive Statistics and Unbiased Hit Rates by Emotion for the DANVA Voice and the ERI Face in Study 3, Session 1

Cloud training / ERA training
Mean / SD / Mean / SD
DANVA Voice unbiased hit rates
happiness / 1.90 / 0.55 / 1.91 / 0.46
sadness / 1.63 / 0.39 / 1.67 / 0.36
anger / 1.89 / 0.39 / 1.98 / 0.43
fear / 1.76 / 0.36 / 1.83 / 0.42
DANVA Voice mean scores
happiness / .70 / .21 / .70 / .18
sadness / .75 / .16 / .78 / .16
anger / .80 / .14 / .84 / .13
fear / .78 / .17 / .78 / .19
ERI Face unbiased hit rates
joy / 2.72* / 0.57 / 2.91* / 0.42
sadness / 1.61 / 0.39 / 1.68 / 0.35
anger / 1.09 / 0.29 / 1.17 / 0.33
fear / 1.65 / 0.35 / 1.74 / 0.26
disgust / 1.35*** / 0.38 / 1.66*** / 0.49
ERI Face mean scores
anger / .41 / .15 / .41 / .14
fear / .68** / .16 / .75** / .12
joy / .96** / .11 / 1.00** / .03
sadness / .71 / .19 / .76 / .16
disgust / .79** / .22 / .89** / .16

Note. Unbiased hit rateswere arcsine transformed, *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.

Table S3

Confusion Matrix for GERT-S(Session1), Study 3, Cloud Training Condition

chosen emotion
target emotion / irritation / anger / pride / joy / amusement / pleasure / relief / interest / surprise / anxiety / fear / despair / sadness / disgust
irritation / 2.15 / 0.05 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.06 / 0.26 / 0.01 / 0.12 / 0.01 / 0.04 / 0.04 / 0.22
anger / 0.36 / 2.54 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0.05
pride / 0.12 / 0.04 / 1.35 / 0.46 / 0.39 / 0.19 / 0.02 / 0.29 / 0.04 / 0.02 / 0.01 / 0.02 / 0.04 / 0.01
joy / 0 / 0 / 0.08 / 2.19 / 0.31 / 0.04 / 0.11 / 0.01 / 0.26 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.00
amusement / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.44 / 2.33 / 0.06 / 0.11 / 0.02 / 0.04 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.00
pleasure / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.14 / 0.08 / 2.49 / 0.25 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.00
relief / 0.04 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.51 / 2.35 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.01 / 0.02 / 0.01 / 0.00
interest / 0.31 / 0.01 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.06 / 0.01 / 0 / 2.36 / 0.11 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.01
surprise / 0.18 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.24 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.33 / 1.49 / 0.25 / 0.21 / 0.02 / 0.06 / 0.16
anxiety / 0.01 / 0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.19 / 0.26 / 1.15 / 1.12 / 0.07 / 0.13 / 0.02
fear / 0.05 / 0.34 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.27 / 0.53 / 1.45 / 0.32 / 0.02 / 0.01
despair / 0.04 / 0.16 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.32 / 1.58 / 0.85 / 0.01
sadness / 0.18 / 0.02 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.02 / 0.08 / 0 / 0.09 / 0.09 / 0.58 / 1.85 / 0.06
disgust / 0.05 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.04 / 0.24 / 0.09 / 0.33 / 0.41 / 1.81

Note. Cells showhow often an emotion was chosen for a given target emotion (Range: 0 to 3). Diagonal shows the frequency of correct choices.

Table S4

Confusion Matrix for GERT-S (Session 1), Study 3, ERA Training Condition

chosen emotion
target emotion / irritation / anger / pride / joy / amusement / pleasure / relief / interest / surprise / anxiety / fear / despair / sadness / disgust
irritation / 2.22 / 0.04 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.54 / 0.01 / 0.09 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.05
anger / 0.09 / 2.88 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01
pride / 0.06 / 0.01 / 2.49 / 0.22 / 0.06 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.09 / 0.05 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
joy / 0 / 0 / 0.05 / 2.57 / 0.16 / 0 / 0.04 / 0.02 / 0.16 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
amusement / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.26 / 2.71 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
pleasure / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.02 / 2.93 / 0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
relief / 0.05 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.51 / 2.37 / 0.01 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0
interest / 0.20 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 2.70 / 0.05 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.01
surprise / 0.12 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.01 / 0.34 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.48 / 1.62 / 0.33 / 0.05 / 0 / 0 / 0.02
anxiety / 0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.22 / 0.29 / 1.56 / 0.59 / 0.01 / 0.23 / 0.01
fear / 0.01 / 0.20 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.28 / 0.13 / 2.09 / 0.29 / 0 / 0
despair / 0.01 / 0.06 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.33 / 2.21 / 0.33 / 0.02
sadness / 0.28 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0.16 / 0.01 / 0.16 / 2.23 / 0.04
disgust / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.04 / 0.02 / 0.11 / 0.35 / 2.43

Note. Cells show how often an emotion was chosen for a given target emotion (Range: 0 to 3). Diagonal shows the frequency of correct choices.

Table S5

Difference Confusion Matrix (Table S3 Subtracted from Table S4) for Study 3

chosen emotion
target emotion / irritation / anger / pride / joy / amusement / pleasure / relief / interest / surprise / anxiety / fear / despair / sadness / disgust
irritation / 0.07 / -0.01 / 0 / 0 / -0.02 / 0 / -0.03 / 0.28 / 0 / -0.03 / -0.01 / -0.04 / -0.02 / -0.17
anger / -0.28 / 0.34 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.01 / -0.04 / 0 / 0 / -0.03
pride / -0.06 / -0.02 / 1.13 / -0.24 / -0.33 / -0.19 / -0.01 / -0.21 / 0.01 / -0.01 / -0.01 / -0.02 / -0.04 / -0.01
joy / 0 / 0 / -0.03 / 0.39 / -0.15 / -0.04 / -0.07 / 0.01 / -0.10 / 0 / 0 / -0.01 / 0 / 0
amusement / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / -0.18 / 0.38 / -0.06 / -0.09 / -0.02 / -0.02 / -0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
pleasure / 0 / 0 / -0.01 / -0.14 / -0.06 / 0.43 / -0.21 / -0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
relief / 0.01 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.01 / -0.01 / 0.01 / -0.01 / -0.01 / -0.01 / -0.01 / 0
interest / -0.11 / 0 / -0.02 / 0 / -0.06 / 0 / 0 / 0.33 / -0.06 / -0.07 / -0.02 / -0.01 / 0.02 / 0
surprise / -0.05 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.11 / 0 / -0.03 / 0.15 / 0.13 / 0.08 / -0.16 / -0.02 / -0.06 / -0.14
anxiety / 0.02 / -0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.04 / 0.03 / 0.03 / 0.41 / -0.53 / -0.06 / 0.10 / -0.01
fear / -0.03 / -0.15 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.01 / 0.01 / -0.40 / 0.64 / -0.02 / -0.02 / -0.01
despair / -0.02 / -0.10 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.01 / 0 / 0 / -0.02 / 0.01 / 0.63 / -0.52 / 0.01
sadness / 0.10 / -0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.02 / -0.01 / 0.02 / 0.06 / -0.08 / -0.42 / 0.38 / -0.02
disgust / -0.02 / -0.01 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.01 / 0 / -0.02 / -0.20 / -0.07 / -0.22 / -0.06 / 0.62

Note. Positive values in cells indicate an increase in choicesmade by participants in the ERA training condition as compared to participants in the cloud training condition; negative values indicate a decrease in choice made by participants in the ERA training condition. The diagonal shows that the frequency of correct choices was higher for the ERA training group for all 14 emotions.

Table S6

Confusion Matrices for DANVA Voice in Study 3

chosen emotion
target emotion / happy / sad / angry / fearful
cloud training group
happy / .70 / .05 / .21 / .03
sad / .03 / .75 / .02 / .20
angry / .06 / .10 / .80 / .04
fearful / .01 / .21 / .00 / .78
ERA training group
happy / .70 / .07 / .21 / .03
sad / .03 / .78 / .01 / .17
angry / .03 / .10 / .84 / .03
fearful / .00 / .22 / .01 / .78
difference ERA – cloud group
happy / -.01 / .02 / -.01 / -.01
sad / .00 / .04 / -.01 / -.03
angry / -.03 / .00 / .04 / .00
fearful / -.01 / .01 / .01 / -.01

Note. Cells show mean values (Range 0 to 1).

Table S7

Confusion Matrices for ERI Face in Study 3

chosen emotion
target emotion / anger / fear / joy / sadness / disgust
cloud training group
anger / .41 / .13 / .04 / .20 / .22
fear / .07 / .69 / .01 / .06 / .16
joy / .00 / .02 / .96 / .01 / .00
sadness / .04 / .10 / .01 / .71 / .14
disgust / .20 / .00 / .00 / .01 / .79
ERA training group
anger / .41 / .18 / .03 / .21 / .17
fear / .06 / .77 / .01 / .08 / .10
joy / .00 / .00 / 1.00 / .00 / .00
sadness / .03 / .08 / .00 / .76 / .13
disgust / .10 / .00 / .00 / .00 / .89
difference ERA – cloud group
anger / .00 / .05 / -.01 / .01 / -.05
fear / -.02 / .07 / .00 / .02 / -.07
joy / .00 / -.02 / .04 / -.01 / .00
sadness / -.01 / -.02 / .00 / .04 / -.01
disgust / -.09 / .00 / .00 / -.01 / .10

Note. Cells show mean values (Range 0 to 1).

Table S8

Zero-order Correlations between Variables in Study 3

GERT-S session 1 / DANVA Voice / ERI Face / gender / positive affect / negative affect / interest / GERT-S session 2 / difference GERT / CFIT / TEIQue / SSI
DANVA Voice (session 1) / .21**
ERI Face (session 1) / .29** / .11
gender (0= male, 1=female) / .11 / .17* / .10
PANAS positive affect (session 1) / .03 / -.05 / -.09 / -.11
PANAS negative affect (session 1) / -.16* / -.17* / -.11 / -.03 / .12
interest (session 1) / .14 / -.01 / .13 / -.05 / .68** / .00
GERT-S (session 2) / .72** / .24* / .26* / -.04 / -.11 / -.20 / -.03
GERT-S difference session 2-1 / -.52** / .05 / -.08 / .00 / -.03 / .00 / .00 / .22*
CFIT (session 2) / .15 / .02 / .19 / -.38** / .07 / -.10 / .18 / .17 / .00
TEIQue (session 2) / -.02 / -.08 / .02 / -.19 / .29** / -.17 / -.04 / -.05 / -.04 / .25*
SSI Emotional Sensitivity (session 2) / -.25* / .23* / -.06 / .11 / .30** / .02 / .13 / .03 / .38** / -.02 / .30**
WHO-5 wellbeing (session 2) / .04 / -.01 / .19 / .09 / -.31** / .06 / -.02 / .16 / .15 / -.14 / -.66** / -.11

Note. PANAS= Positive and negative Affect Schedule, CFIT= Culture Fair Intelligence Test, TEIQue, Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, SSI= Social Skills Inventory, WHO-5 = World Health Organization wellbeing questionnaire. N= 188 (session 1), N=87 (session 2), *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.

Table S9

Unbiased Hit Rates and Sum Scores for the 14 Emotions on the GERT-S in Study 4

Cloud training / ERA training
Unbiased hit rates (Hu) / Mean / SD / Mean / SD
anxiety / 0.70 / 0.72 / 0.48 / 0.62
disgust / 0.94 / 0.65 / 0.86 / 0.65
pleasure / 1.71 / 0.90 / 1.90 / 0.97
anger / 1.57 / 0.78 / 1.48 / 0.85
irritation / 0.67 / 0.77 / 0.86 / 0.79
fear / 0.50* / 0.62 / 0.92* / 0.88
sadness / 1.13 / 0.72 / 1.36 / 0.58
joy / 1.21 / 0.80 / 1.19 / 0.71
despair / 1.01 / 0.76 / 0.93 / 0.70
pride / 0.82 / 0.78 / 1.15 / 0.90
surprise / 0.83 / 0.57 / 0.86 / 0.63
amusement / 1.67* / 0.87 / 1.27* / 0.87
relief / 1.59 / 0.88 / 1.41 / 0.77
interest / 1.29 / 0.59 / 1.35 / 0.64
Scores (sum of correct responses)
amusement / 1.93 / 0.96 / 1.62 / 1.03
anger / 2.02 / 0.89 / 1.93 / 1.02
disgust / 1.14 / 0.86 / 1.07 / 0.81
despair / 1.49 / 0.88 / 1.36 / 0.98
pride / 0.81* / 0.76 / 1.21* / 0.95
anxiety / 1.00* / 0.98 / 0.57* / 0.74
interest / 2.07 / 0.86 / 2.12 / 0.94
irritation / 0.98 / 0.99 / 1.14 / 0.93
joy / 1.63 / 1.02 / 1.69 / 0.98
fear / 0.63* / 0.82 / 1.05* / 0.99
pleasure / 2.30 / 1.06 / 2.40 / 0.89
relief / 2.12 / 0.96 / 2.12 / 0.94
surprise / 1.12 / 0.76 / 1.17 / 0.85
sadness / 1.58* / 1.01 / 2.00* / 0.80
Combined scores
Hu positive emotions / 0.43 / 0.16 / 0.42 / 0.18
Hu negative emotions / 0.26 / 0.14 / 0.28 / 0.15
mean score positive emotions / 1.81 / 0.46 / 1.86 / 0.51
mean score negative emotions / 1.26 / 0.46 / 1.30 / 0.51

Note. Unbiased hit rates were arcsine transformed. Asterisks denote significant differences between the two groups, *p < .05.

Table S10

Unbiased Hit Rates and Mean Scores for the DANVA Voice and ERI Face in Study 4

Cloud training / ERA training
Mean / SD / Mean / SD
DANVA Voice unbiased hit rates
happiness / 1.77 / 0.65 / 1.84 / 0.48
sadness / 1.41 / 0.48 / 1.31 / 0.42
anger / 1.80 / 0.52 / 1.65 / 0.50
fear / 1.53 / 0.54 / 1.43 / 0.62
DANVA Voice mean scores
happiness / .67 / .26 / .73 / .16
sadness / .66 / .21 / .63 / .21
anger / .76 / .18 / .72 / .19
fear / .69 / .22 / .62 / .22
ERI Face unbiased hit rates
joy / 2.81 / 0.49 / 2.78 / 0.54
sadness / 1.59 / 0.39 / 1.67 / 0.51
anger / 1.25 / 0.44 / 1.18 / 0.54
fear / 1.62 / 0.37 / 1.71 / 0.44
disgust / 1.70 / 0.67 / 1.75 / 0.69
ERI Face mean scores
anger / .49 / .19 / .46 / .23
fear / .67 / .17 / .71 / .13
joy / .98 / .06 / .98 / .07
sadness / .71 / .20 / .73 / .21
disgust / .85 / .22 / .88 / .23

Note. Unbiased hit rates were arcsine transformed. None of the scores significantly differed between the two groups.

Table S11

Confusion Matrix for GERT-S, Study 4, Cloud Training Condition

chosen emotion
target emotion / irritation / anger / pride / joy / amusement / pleasure / relief / interest / surprise / anxiety / fear / despair / sadness / disgust
irritation / 0.98 / 0 / 0.05 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.42 / 0.79 / 0.05 / 0.16 / 0 / 0.21 / 0.12 / 0.19
anger / 0.63 / 2.02 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.21
pride / 0.05 / 0.02 / 0.81 / 0.56 / 0.33 / 0.51 / 0.14 / 0.44 / 0.12 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0
joy / 0 / 0 / 0.23 / 1.63 / 0.12 / 0.21 / 0.26 / 0 / 0.51 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0
amusement / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.65 / 1.93 / 0.14 / 0.05 / 0 / 0.12 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.02
pleasure / 0 / 0 / 0.12 / 0.23 / 0.07 / 2.30 / 0.26 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
relief / 0.02 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.09 / 0 / 0.37 / 2.12 / 0.14 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.07 / 0.02
interest / 0.14 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.07 / 2.07 / 0.19 / 0.23 / 0.09 / 0.12 / 0 / 0.07
surprise / 0.35 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.07 / 0.05 / 0.19 / 0.44 / 1.12 / 0.47 / 0.02 / 0.09 / 0.02 / 0.19
anxiety / 0.07 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.12 / 0.37 / 0.37 / 1.00 / 0.44 / 0.30 / 0.23 / 0.09
fear / 0.42 / 0.74 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.09 / 0.02 / 0.35 / 0.51 / 0.63 / 0.16 / 0 / 0.07
despair / 0.23 / 0.33 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.12 / 0.21 / 1.49 / 0.51 / 0.07
sadness / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.09 / 0.05 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.02 / 1.05 / 1.58 / 0.05
disgust / 0.21 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.07 / 0.16 / 0.14 / 0.51 / 0.72 / 1.14

Note. Cells show how often an emotion was chosen for a given target emotion (Range: 0 to 3). Diagonal shows the frequency of correct choices.

Table S12

Confusion Matrix for GERT-S, Study 4, ERA Training Condition

chosen emotion
target emotion / irritation / anger / pride / joy / amusement / pleasure / relief / interest / surprise / anxiety / fear / despair / sadness / disgust
irritation / 1.14 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.36 / 0.67 / 0.02 / 0.10 / 0.02 / 0.14 / 0.12 / 0.31
anger / 0.55 / 1.93 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.10 / 0.02 / 0.10 / 0.02 / 0.21
pride / 0.00 / 0.00 / 1.21 / 0.52 / 0.38 / 0.31 / 0.14 / 0.26 / 0.12 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00
joy / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.12 / 1.69 / 0.26 / 0.26 / 0.12 / 0.00 / 0.48 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
amusement / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.07 / 0.76 / 1.62 / 0.26 / 0.12 / 0.02 / 0.10 / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00
pleasure / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.10 / 0.14 / 0.02 / 2.40 / 0.31 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
relief / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.10 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.40 / 2.12 / 0.07 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0.02
interest / 0.14 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.05 / 0.07 / 0.19 / 2.12 / 0.02 / 0.17 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.07 / 0.14
surprise / 0.24 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.21 / 0.02 / 0.21 / 0.40 / 1.17 / 0.38 / 0.02 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0.14
anxiety / 0.17 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.52 / 0.55 / 0.31 / 0.57 / 0.40 / 0.19 / 0.17 / 0.07
fear / 0.26 / 0.55 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.10 / 0.02 / 0.40 / 0.21 / 1.05 / 0.24 / 0.02 / 0.14
despair / 0.14 / 0.38 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.12 / 0.24 / 1.36 / 0.62 / 0.10
sadness / 0.07 / 0.00 / 0.02 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.07 / 0.05 / 0.07 / 0.17 / 0.00 / 0.45 / 2.00 / 0.10
disgust / 0.21 / 0.05 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.07 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.26 / 0.07 / 0.55 / 0.71 / 1.07

Note. Cells show how often an emotion was chosen for a given target emotion (Range: 0 to 3). Diagonal shows the frequency of correct choices.

Table S13

Difference Confusion Matrix (Table S11 Subtracted from Table S12) for Study 4

chosen emotion
target emotion / irritation / anger / pride / joy / amusement / pleasure / relief / interest / surprise / anxiety / fear / despair / sadness / disgust
irritation / 0.17 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / -0.02 / -0.06 / -0.12 / -0.02 / -0.07 / 0.02 / -0.07 / 0 / 0.12
anger / -0.08 / -0.09 / -0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.02 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0.07 / 0.02 / 0
pride / -0.05 / -0.02 / 0.40 / -0.03 / 0.06 / -0.20 / 0 / -0.18 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.02 / -0.02 / 0
joy / 0 / 0.02 / -0.11 / 0.06 / 0.15 / 0.05 / -0.14 / 0 / -0.04 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
amusement / 0 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.11 / -0.31 / 0.12 / 0.07 / 0.02 / -0.02 / -0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.02
pleasure / 0 / 0 / -0.02 / -0.09 / -0.05 / 0.10 / 0.05 / 0.02 / -0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
relief / 0 / 0 / 0.05 / -0.07 / 0.05 / 0.03 / 0 / -0.07 / 0.07 / -0.02 / -0.02 / 0.02 / -0.05 / 0
interest / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.07 / 0.12 / 0.05 / -0.16 / -0.07 / -0.07 / -0.12 / 0.07 / 0.07
surprise / -0.11 / 0.02 / 0.02 / 0.05 / 0.14 / -0.02 / 0.03 / -0.04 / 0.05 / -0.08 / 0 / -0.02 / 0 / -0.04
anxiety / 0.10 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0 / 0.41 / 0.18 / -0.06 / -0.43 / -0.04 / -0.11 / -0.07 / -0.02
fear / -0.16 / -0.20 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.06 / -0.30 / 0.42 / 0.08 / 0.02 / 0.07
despair / -0.09 / 0.06 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0.02 / 0.02 / -0.02 / -0.02 / 0 / 0.03 / -0.13 / 0.11 / 0.03
sadness / 0 / -0.02 / 0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0 / -0.02 / 0 / 0.05 / 0.12 / -0.02 / -0.59 / 0.42 / 0.05
disgust / 0 / 0.05 / 0 / -0.02 / 0 / 0 / 0.05 / 0 / -0.07 / 0.10 / -0.07 / 0.04 / -0.01 / -0.07

Table 14

Confusion Matrices for DANVA Voice in Study 4

chosen emotion
target emotion / happy / sad / angry / fearful
cloud training group
happy / .67 / .06 / .19 / .08
sad / .03 / .66 / .05 / .25
angry / .08 / .10 / .76 / .07
fearful / .01 / .28 / .02 / .69
ERA training group
happy / .73 / .06 / .15 / .06
sad / .04 / .63 / .08 / .25
angry / .11 / .10 / .72 / .07
fearful / .02 / .31 / .05 / .62
difference ERA – cloud group
happy / .06 / .00 / -.04 / -.02
sad / .01 / -.04 / .03 / .00
angry / .04 / .00 / -.04 / .00
fearful / .02 / .02 / .03 / -.07

Note. Cells show mean values.

Table S15

Confusion Matrices for ERI Face in Study 4

chosen emotion
target emotion / anger / fear / joy / sadness / disgust
cloud training group
anger / .49 / .14 / .03 / .20 / .14
fear / .10 / .69 / .01 / .10 / .11
joy / .00 / .02 / .98 / .00 / .00
sadness / .05 / .11 / .00 / .71 / .13
disgust / .13 / .01 / .00 / .00 / .85
ERA training group
anger / .46 / .13 / .04 / .16 / .21
fear / .12 / .73 / .01 / .08 / .05
joy / .01 / .00 / .98 / .01 / .00
sadness / .04 / .12 / .01 / .73 / .10
disgust / .11 / .00 / .00 / .02 / .88
difference ERA – cloud group
anger / -.03 / -.01 / .00 / -.04 / .07
fear / .02 / .04 / .00 / -.01 / -.05
joy / .01 / -.02 / .00 / .01 / .00
sadness / -.01 / .02 / .01 / .02 / -.03
disgust / -.03 / -.01 / .00 / .02 / .02

Note. Cells show mean values.

Table S16

Zero-order Correlations between Variables in Study 4

GERT-S / DANVA Voice / ERI Face / gender / positive affect / negative affect / interest / friendliness / digit span / vocabulary / TEIQue
DANVA Voice / .45**
ERI Face / .52** / .32**
Gender (0= male, 1=female) / .20 / .01 / .26*
PANAS positive affect / .01 / .23* / .20 / -.06
PANAS negative affect / -.14 / -.05 / -.15 / .13 / -.10
Interest / .26* / .14 / .33** / -.03 / .46** / -.20
Friendliness experimenter / .05 / -.11 / .20 / .13 / .08 / -.24 / .24
Digit Span / .19 / .31** / .10 / -.03 / .20 / -.03 / .12 / .02
Shipley Vocabulary Test / .51** / .26* / .44** / .26* / -.11 / -.29* / .16 / .02 / .30**
TEIQue (follow-up session) / -.08 / .15 / -.13 / .13 / .34* / -.05 / -.03 / -.03 / .05 / .07
WHO-5 wellbeing (follow-up) / .04 / -.16 / .09 / -.13 / -.13 / .27 / -.08 / .09 / -.17 / .07 / -.29

PANAS= Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, TEIQue = Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, WHO-5 = World Health Organization wellbeing questionnaire; N=85 (session 1), N=55 (follow-up session), *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.