Early European Exploration-Guided Notes

1257/1492 C.E. Reconquista

Years that Muslims were defeated in ______and ______.

______create a sense of ______

New ______consolidated power and the desire to convert people to

______was strong

Declining Trade

Asian/North African cities were hit hard by ______– ______routes disrupted

______goods were scarce & ______

…a perfect time to make $$$ through ______!

Collapse of Pax Mongolica

Silk Roads ______, so trade slows down

Desire for Indian ______, E. African ______, S.E. Asian

______, Chinese silks & ______remained strong

Fall of Constantinople

______C.E., ______Empire defeats the ______Empire

Muslims in total control of ______

Cuts off access to ______(slaves = cheap labor) from the Balkans

Jacked up prices on ______

What Made European Exploration Possible?

Improvements in ______and ______technologies <----- WOAH!

Compass, ______ship, ______and sextant, gunpowder

______of ______life & trade

Desire for ______to acquire ______

______

Governments in ______were willing to sponsor ______with

financial backing, in the hopes of making ______

Portuguese Exploration

______it was natural to explore routes in the ______

Henry the ______= opened a ______of ______

Represents ______support of ______to seek trade

Study of navigation and ______(mapmaking)

Improvements on ______& ______

Creation of the ______

1st Action of ______= Attack on ______( a rich North African city) in ______

Interest in ______& ______

Portugal’s Goal = Go ______Africa to reach ______

As they moved down the African coast…

Portugal ______a West African trade port from ______and traded

peacefully for ______, ______, ______

Were NOT strong enough to ______– had to pay for ______

Exchanged ______, ______, ______goods for African gold

They took over some ______, where they began to grow ______

1497-1498: Vasco da Gama sailed around ______and reached ______– he traded

at the ______port of Calicut for ______(mostly pepper).

This wide swing around West Africa to catch the ______led to the discovery of

South America (______) in ______

Changes in IOMS Trade

Before = no ______control

Traders operated ______of governments

Portuguese introduced use of organized______to the system

Governments invested in the ______of trading operations

______was produced by ______off the coast of Europe/West Africa – slave trade from W. Africa picks up

A new "______" of trade develops

Spanish Exploration

______was worried about Portuguese successes gaining trade through a route around ______

Spain’s monarchs purposefully sponsored voyages by ______

The Goal was NOT to find a "______" or to explore without purpose. The Goal

was to get to ______by going around the other side of the globe.

Treaty of ______(1494): ______and ______drew an imaginary line down

the middle of the North ______Ocean – splitting the world’s territory in ½ between

themselves. LOL (See “hubris” in the dictionary)

Spanish Conquests

Christopher Columbus’s discovery of the ______allows Spain to begin growing ______

Spain also sent "______" to create colonies in the ______

______– conquered in ______

______– conquered in ______

Mostly, diseases as ______helped the small, weak government of ______conquer these huge empires of millions of people

The Atlantic Trade System

After ______and ______explorations, Europe FINALLY HAS A TRADING SYSTEM THEY CAN PARTICIPATE IN! WOOHOOOO!

Other European nations like the ______, England, and ______soon get in on the game.

Trade Develops/Atlantic Slave Trade Begins

West African Kingdoms = ______Kongo, Benin, Ashanti

W. African Empires begin using male ______from African wars to sell to ______in the Atlantic System.

Europeans traded ______for ______

Slave trade was ______by ______at first

After about ______years, slaves were the #1 ______. This disrupted population

______b/c so many men were taken into ______