Name ______Date ______Hour ______
Chapter 29-The Great War-Guided Notes
Section 2-Europe Plunges into War
The Great War Begins (pg. 845)
· Which two nations did Russia begin to mobilize against after Austria’s declaration of war?
· When did Germany declare war on Russia?
· When did Germany declare war on France?
· Following Germany’s declaration of war on France and Russia which major power declared war on Germany officially beginning WWI?
· Which countries originally came together to form the Central Powers?
o Why did Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire later join the ranks of the Central Powers?
· Which countries originally came together to form the Allied Powers?
o Which two countries later joined in addition to the United States?
A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848)
· Describe the Western Front using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:
· Describe the Schlieffen Plan using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:
o A quick defeat of France was vital to this plan
Failures of the Schlieffen Plan
· Where did Allied forces attack the German forces on September 5th, 1914?
o How did the Allies get reinforcements to the front?
· Why did the German retreat and subsequent defeat at the 1st Battle of the Marne leave the Schlieffen Plan in ruins?
A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848) continued…
· Describe Trench Warfare using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:
o What was the space located between the two enemy trenches called?
o How long were the trenches along the Western Front that spanned from the North Sea to the Swiss border?
· What were some of the new military technologies 1st used during WWI?
Battle on the Eastern Front (pg. 848-849)
· Describe the Eastern Front using the vocabulary match up activity we conducted in class:
o Which two powers fought against the Russians and the Serbs for control of the Eastern Front?
Russia Struggles
· Why was the Russian army beginning to cripple by 1916?
o In addition to guns and food what other supplies were Russian soldiers running short on?
· Which two powers controlled many of the ports limiting these supplies from reaching the Russians?
· Despite this challenge what was Russia’s one major advantage?
Chapter 29-The Great War-Guided Notes
Section 2-Europe Plunges into War
The Great War Begins (pg. 845)
• Following Austria’s declaration of war Russia began to mobilize against both Austria and Germany
– Germany declared war on Russia on Aug. 1st 1914 and on France two days later
• This caused Great Britain to declare war on Germany
– WWI had officially begun
Nations Take Sides• The Central Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary
– Later Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire would join in an attempt to regain lost territories / • The Allied Powers-Great Britain, France and Russia
– Italy and Japan later joined as well
A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848)
The Conflict Grinds Along• Western Front- The deadlocked region of Northern France fought over in WWI / • Schlieffen Plan- The Germany plan in which they would defeat France 1st then turn east to fight Russia
– A quick defeat of France was vital to the plan
Failures of the Schlieffen Plan
• Sept. 5th, 1914 Allied forces attacked the Germans northeast of Paris in the valley of the Marne River
– 600 taxicabs brought Allied re-enforcements to the front / • Sept.9th, the Germans retreated
– The 1st Battle of the Marne left the Schlieffen Plan in ruins b/c a quick victory no longer existed
A Bloody Stalemate (pg. 846-848) continued…
War in the Trenches• Trench Warfare-Soldiers would fight from trenches often for pitifully small pieces of land
– The space between the trenches was called “no man’s land”
– The trenches along the Western Front reached nearly 500 miles from the North Sea to the Swiss border / • New Military Technologies-
– Machine guns, poison gas, tanks, armored cars and submarines were widely used for the 1st time in war
Battle on the Eastern Front (pg. 848-849)
Early fighting and Russia’s Struggles• The Eastern Front-The battlefield along the German and Russian border
– Russians and Serbs battled Germans and Austro-Hungarians for control of the Eastern front / • Russia Struggles-
– By 1916 Russia’s lack of industrialization was crippling their army
– They were short on supplies of guns, food, ammunition, boots and blankets
– German and Ottoman forces controlled many of the ports limiting supplies as well
– Russia’s one advantage was their population they could quickly replace soldiers who had been lost in war