Pure Substances and Mixtures Unit

Name: ______ACT: ______Section: ______Date: ______

Pure Substances and Mixtures Unit

Study Guide

1. Explain the difference between a mechanical mixture and a solution.

2. List all six points of the particle theory of matter.

3. How does heat affect the speed of particles and distance between particles?

4. How does an increase in temperature account for the fact that substances change state?

5. Use the particle theory of matter to explain the difference between a pure substance and a mixture.

6. Use the terms “solute” “solvent” to explain the difference between a dilute and concentrated solution.

7. Use the particle theory to explain the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated solution.

8. Explain why solute particles must be attracted to solvent particles to enable formation of a solution.

9. Does water dissolve all solutes? Explain your answer using examples.

10. Steele is an alloy made up of iron and carbon. Explain why iron is considered the solvent and carbon is the solute

11. Use the particle theory of matter to explain why stirring speeds up dissolving.

12. Use the particle theory of matter to explain why latex paint dissolves in water.

13. Explain the difference between distillation and evaporation.

14. Explain why liquid laundry detergent is particularly useful for washing in cold water.

15. Salad dressings made with oil and vinegar tend to separate and must be shaken before use. Use the particle theory of matter to explain why oil does not dissolve in water.

16. Use the particle theory of matter to explain why steam, ice and water are all considered to be the same substance.

17. Explain how temperature is involved in the process of changing between different states of matter. Use the particle theory of matter in you explanation.

18. Is an alloy a pure substance or a mixture? Explain.

20. How do each of the following affect the solubility of a solid solute in water?

a) Temperature

b) Stirring.

21. What is the ideal pH for fresh water?

22. What is the effect on fresh water organisms if the water becomes too acidic?

23. You add one teaspoon of lemon juice to a 400-mL cup of water. A friend adds four teaspoons of lemon juice to her 400-mL cup of water. Into whose cup would more sugar need to be added to make the drink sweet? Explain.

24. Suggest a method to separate each of the following mixtures:

a) sand and bird seed

b) water and salad oil

25. A good angel food cake does not appear to have any icing. Your grandmother tells you that she sprinkled some powdered sugar on the moist cake when it came out of the oven. What happened to it?