RQ Chapter 37Part 2Eisenhower notes
1 According to the abstract expressionist painting that begins my notes---What three things transforms America during the postwar age?
A
B
C
2 What development-building during this era, that is common today, also had a purpose as a “nuclear shelter?”
3 What is the “amazing development” during the 1950’s that reemerges and dramatically begins to change our nation, especially so in the 1950’s and 1960’s? (two words)
A New Look Foreign Policy
4 Who are the two (2) brothers who work in the American Government during this period that I mention and their job titles?
A
B
5 Eisenhower and the two brother articulate unique foreign policy slogan---not merely to “contain” communism but to “roll it back,” and “liberate captive peoples around the world,” What is this policy called?
6 The policy mention above is based on the idea of ______?
7 What new Air Force led organization is created to implement these ideas?
8 How would this new philosophy “have a greater impact?” AND be cheaper?
9 Who becomes the new Premier of the USSR when Stalin dies in 1953?
10 What (in bold and big black letters) becomes the word that describes the period due to the many times the world almost collapses into a nuclear World War III?
11 What four (4) places are mentioned as “sparks” that almost exploded into Nuclear War?
12 What does the image-business card in my notes suggest that Americans should build due to the heightened tensions of the Cold war during this era?
13 M.A.D.?
14 Due to the above development (that influences all Presidents) what type of forces are we now dependent on “containing” communism around the world?
15 Détente?
16 What program doe Ike suggest implementing with the Soviets to lessen the tensions of the Cold War?
17 Where is the rebellion in Eastern Europe that begins in 1956---but is crushed eventually by huge #’s of Soviet Troops and Tanks--- that shows the failure of the “New Look” Massive Retaliation policy?
18 If Ike was to help in the rebellion mentioned above ---according to my notes---what would have been inevitable? (and the reason why his policy was ineffective)
The Vietnam Nightmare
19 On the map in my notes What does the long Red line represent AND Which two (2) countries to the West of N & S Vietnam does it run through?
20 Name the Six (6) principal countries shown in the map?
21 Who becomes the leader of the Communist Viet-Minh forces in Vietnam and defeats the French @ Dien Bien Phu in 1954?
22 In 1950 What two (2) things does Truman do to support the French against the nationalist/communist Vietnamese?
23 Domino Theory?
24 Who is the 1st President to articulate the above theory?
25 What four (4) nations are created at the Geneva Conference of 1954, out of the previous French Indochina, AND –Who are the leaders of N & S Vietnam AND What are the philosophies that guide the two political systems in N & S Vietnam?
27 What organization is formed by the USA---similar to NATO in Europe---and lasts until 1977---to “contain communism” in SE Asia and try to prevent the “Domino Effect?”
28 What does Ngo Dinh Diem reject for All Vietnam in 1955?
29 How many troops does Ike send to “train” the S. Vietnamese Army during his Presidency?
30 What significant happens to two (2) of the American Soldiers in Vietnam in 1959?
31 For how many years does America work at attempting to “contain” communism in Vietnam---from when to when?
A False Lull in Europe
32 What country enters NATO in 1955 – one reason we help the French in Indochina is due to their key vote on allowing this country to rearm and enter NATO---?
33 What organization is created by the Soviets to counter NATO in 1955?
Menaces in the Middle East
34 What “theory” is used by the British to influence the USA to interfere in Iran?
35 Operation Ajax and Operation Boot---The CIA and British Secret Service--- both are successful in a Coup de Tat—in Which Country in 1953---which allows them to control the OIL in this country until 1973?
36 7 sisters-
37 Who leads the nationalists in Egypt—overthrow the monarchy—with a little help from the CIA in 1952-53?
38 METO-
39 What two forces was Nasser opposing in the Middle East and what organization is created as a military alliance to oppose those two forces?
40 Bandung Conference, 1955-
41 Explain the “Central Dilemma” the USA faced due to the Bandung Conference?
42 Whom does the USA ban from attending the Conference---and later moves to Ghana---and dies in 1963, completely disillusioned with the state of affairs in the USA?
43 In response to the USA withdrawing support for the Aswan High Dam---What does Nasser “Nationalize” that leads the world to the “brink” of a nuclear world war III that lasts for a full week?
44 What nations were involved and what was the goal of “Operations Revise and Musketeer?”
45 What threat does the Soviet Union make in response to the beginning of these operations?
46 What action does the USA take in the UN AND what is sent by the UN to Egypt and is used for the 1st time in history?
47Eisenhower Doctrine?
48 Where does Ike send Marines in 1958?
49 O.P.E.C.-
Round Two for Ike
50 What organization does Ike go after in televised hearing in Congress due to its affiliation with the Mafia---and its use of that organizations pension fund to build Las Vegas?
51 What is Sputnik I & II---what did Sputnik II have on board?
52 I.C.B.M.?
53 “Missile Gap?”
54 Name the organization created by Ike and Congress in an attempt to catch up to the Soviet Union’s apparent lead in Space?
55 The National Defense and Education Act of 1958 spends 887 Million $$$ to focus education on what two (2) subjects?
56 Due to the above act ---the Federal Government begins to offer what to needy students for the 1st time?
57 What is the name of JFK’s domestic agenda---AND—What does he promise in his inaugural address that America will do by the end of the decade?
The Continuing Cold War
58 What do the USA and USSR both agree to end in 1958?
59 Which city is the main escape point for the intellectuals and many others living behind the Iron Curtain?
60 What is constructed by the Commnunists beginning in June 1961 (JFK) to stop the “Brain Drain” from Eastern Europe?
61 What is the name of our “super secret” program implementing the “open skies” idea, that ceases to be “super secret” when Francis Gary Powers is shot down and put on trial on TV in the Soviet Union?
62 What nation in the Western Hemisphere undergoes a successful revolution and becomes closely allied to the USSR in 1959?
63 Who led this Revolution?
64 Which Central American country does Ike allow the CIA to overthrow in 1954?
65 What organization had a huge investment in Cuba and later helps the CIA in planning and funding the Bay of Pigs operation?
66 Operation Peter Pan?
67 What warning does Nikita Khrushchev give to the USA concerning Cuba?
An Old General Fades Away
68 How many times did Ike say no to his “advisors” suggestions to use nuclear weapons during his 8 year Presidency?
69 Which two (2) territories officially become States during Eisenhower’s Presidency---interestingly both are close in proximity to Cold War Hotspots---The USSR and SE Asia?
70 What does Ike specifically warn the people of the USA about gaining undue influence over our government in his Farewell Address?
71 Some historians believe these two events are heavily influenced by the above danger Ike warned us about---What two (2) events?
Changing Economic Patterns and General Changes during Ike’s Presidency
72 How much does “Real Income” increase in the 50’s and 60’s in America?
73 What drives much of this unprecedented Economic Growth?
74 What is the “beautiful ideal?”
75 2nd Wave Feminism begins in 1963 with the publishing of what book written by which author?
76 What revolutionary medical breakthrough is approved and used for the 1st time in 1960 and leads to a “Sexual Revolution?”
77 Due to the rising disillusionment that grows during the 1950’s---what group has questions and demands answers?
78 What is the movement to redefine the “American Dream” based on?
79 What has made us “Truly Exceptional” to the world?
The Life of the Mind in Postwar America
80 Five (5) quotes begin this section of notes---cut and paste or copy YOUR favorite
81 Name the two (2) focuses of postwar literature?
82 What are the two plays mentioned written by Arthur Miller?
83 What is the nickname for people involved in the “Beat Movemnent?”
84 What are the “Beats” protesting?
85 What two (2) places are havens for the “beats?”
86 What future group that develops in the 1960’s is strongly influenced by the “beat movement?”
87 Name the three (3) literary talents and the work associated with each that are seen as the founders of the beat-hippie movement?
A
B
C
88 What great Rock and Roll Band is used as an example of the growing influence of the “Beat-Hippie” movement?
89 What aspect of personal style/hygiene is used as evidence to show the influence of the Beat-hippies on the musicians---and becomes a symbol for many of the Baby-Boomers as a rejection of the “traditional” and conforming to materialism –culture of the adults during this time period?